Key Principles of Communication by Madam. Marinita Schumacher

Marinita Schumacher Key Principles of Effective Communication

Effective Communication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What is Communication? ,[object Object],Glenn & Smith, 1998

Components of Communication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Krallmann/ Ziemann, 2001 ,[object Object],participants have certain intensions when communicating and understanding each other during communication participants refer to a socially adapted set of signs in order to transmit a message there are continuous changes during communication

One can't not communicate! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Watzlawick, 1996 ! The effectiveness of any communication depends on how closely the receiver’s understanding matches the sender’s intent

Sender and Receiver SIGNAL SENDER RECEIVER Schulz von Thun, 2001 encodes the meaning in his mind to a signal deciphers this signal so that a similar meaning is stimulated in his mind = a recognisable term, the sum of the messages in interpersonal communication The only message that matters is the one the other person receives !

Verbal and non-verbal signals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Birkenbihl, 2005 ! Each message consists of verbal and non-verbal signals

A simple example from daily life ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Congruent and incongruent messages ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Steiger, 2002 ! Non-verbal signals have stronger impact than verbal signals

Implicit and explicit message ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Adams, 2003 ! There is a great danger of misunderstanding in the field of implicit messages

Filters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Standke, 1993

Meta-Level ,[object Object],[object Object],Watzlawick, 1996 ! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Four sides of a message SENDER RECEIVER Schulz von Thun, 2001 SIGNAL Factual information Relationship Self-revelation Appeal SIGNAL

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Explanations of the four sides Schulz von Thun, 2001

A simple example from daily life MOTHER SON “ It‘s nice that you are here again“ Schulz von Thun, 2001 Relationship “ You don‘t visit me enough“ Self-revelation “I am lonely” Appeal “Visit me more often” Factual information “ Your presence is nice“

Translations of the message ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],"Your presence is nice." "I am so lonely." "You don’t visit me enough." " You should visit me more often!" Schulz von Thun, 2001

“ Four ears" of the receiver ,[object Object],SIGNAL Schulz von Thun, 2001 SIGNAL Factual information Appeal Relationship Self-revelation

Four questions to grasp all messages ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Schulz von Thun, 2001 ,[object Object],What is this telling me about the other person? What does the other person want me to know about myself and about our relationship? What does he want to achieve?

Check-list for the receiver ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Barriers of Effective Communication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],by selecting only certain elements from a message, hearing an expected message style, tone, speed different perceptions, meanings that different people attach to the same word

Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Bibliographie ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Key Principles of Communication by Madam. Marinita Schumacher

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Key Principles of Communication by Madam. Marinita Schumacher