Histological development of Blood Cells

1. HAEMOPOIESIS & HISTOLOGY
OF BONE MARROW
Radhakrishnan P
Department Of Anatomy
Hadhramout University College Of Medicine
DrRadhakrishnan

2. How did you get All the things for surveying
External LIFE???
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3. How did you get All the things for surveying
Internal LIFE???
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4. Fluid Connective tissue
Centrifuge
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5. Blood made up of two parts, Formed elements(Erythrocytes,
Platelets, Leukocytes) & Plasma
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9. Where did they come from???
Origin, development and Maturation of Blood cells called as
Haemopoiesis
Origin, development and Maturation of Red Blood cells
called as Erythropoiesis
In adult its from BONE MARROW
What about Fetus ? New Born ? Old Age ?
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10. IN FETAL LIFE
1. Mesoblastic Stage (upto 2 months)
Mesenchyme of yolk sac.
2. Hepatic Stage (3-6 months)
Liver and also Spleen and lymphoid
organs
3. Myeloid Stage(last 3 months)
Red bone marrow and liver.
Site of Erythropoiesis „
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11. IN NEWBORN BABIES, CHILDREN AND ADULTS
1. Up to the age of 20 years:
Red bone marrow of all bones (long bones and all the flat
bones).
2. After the age of 20 years:
Membranous bones like vertebra, sternum, ribs, scapula, iliac bones
and skull bones and from the ends of long bones.
After 20 years of age, the shaft of the long bones becomes yellow
bone marrow because of fat deposition and looses the erythropoietic
function.
DrRadhakrishnan

12. What is Bone marrow & Where do you find it ???
 Soft pulpy tissue found in marrow cavities of all bones
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13. What is Bone marrow & Where do you find it ???
Yellow Marrow
• Presence of
Adipocytes
Red marrow
• Consists of
Stroma,
Hemopoitic
cord,
Sinusoidal
capillaries
DrRadhakrishnan

14. Bone marrow ( Decalcified section)
Sinusoid StromaHaemopoetic cells
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15. OUR LIFE.....
Cell
Tissues
Organs
Systems
Human
Body
Stem cells ???

16. Stem cells ???
Stem cells are pluripotential cells capable of self-renewal. Some of
their daughter cells form specific, irreversibly differentiated cell types,
and other daughter cells remain stem cells.
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17. Two major cell lineages
Myeloid stem cells
Lymphoid stem cells
PLURIPOTANT STEM CELL
PROGENITOR CELLS
PRECURSOR CELLS (Blast)
MATURE CELLS
After My School Studies
Doctor
Teacher / Surgeon / Paediatrician...
Teacher
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18. Uncommitted pluripotent Hemopoitic stem cell
Committed pluripotent Hemopoitic stem cell
Lymphoid stem cell Colony forming Blastocyte
Lymphocytes RBC Neutrophil Basophil Eosinophil
Monocyte
Platelet
Colony forming Unit-E Colony forming Unit-GM Colony forming Unit-M
Granulocytes
Lymphoid lineage Myeloid lineage
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19. Colony forming Unit-E (CFU-E) / Erythropoiesis
Proerythroblast / Megaloblast
Basophilic erythroblast / Early normoblast
Polychromatophilic erythroblast / Intermediate
Orthochromatophilic erythroblast / Late
normoblast
Reticulocyte
Erythrocyte
5 DAYS
2 DAYS
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21. Stages of Erythropoiesis Important events
Proerythroblast Synthesis of Hb starts
Early Erythroblast Nuclei disappear
Intermediate Erythroblast Hb starts appearing
Late Erythroblast Nucleus disappears
Reticulocyte Reticulum formed. Cells enter
into capillary from site of
production
Mature RBC Reticulum disappears. Cell attain
Biconcavity
Cells of CFU-E pass through different stages and finally become the matured RBCs.
During these stages four important changes are noticed.
1. Reduction in size of the cell (from the diameter of 25 to 7.2 µ)
2. Disappearance of nucleoli and nucleus
3. Appearance of hemoglobin
4. Change in the staining properties of the cytoplasm. „
CHANGES DURING ERYTHROPOIESIS
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22.  Accounts for largest proportion of blood cells (99% of
total number)
 Each erythrocyte is a biconcave disc
 7.2 um in diameter
 Mature erythrocyte lack in nuclei
 Pale red in colour (paler in centre)
 Life span of 120 days
 450000 – 550000 per cubic micro litre of blood
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23. Colony forming Unit-GM / Granulopoisis
Azurophillic / primary Granule- lysosomes Specific Granule
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24. Colony forming Unit-GM / Granulopoisis
Myeloblast
Promyelocyte
Early Neutrophillic Myelocyte Early Eosinophillic Early Basophillic
Late Neutrophillic Myelocyte Late Eosinophillic Late Basophillic
Neutrophillic Metamyelocyte Eosinophillic Metamyelocyte
Mature Neutrophil Mature Eosinophil Mature Basophil
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27. Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil
Constitutes in
WBC
60-70% 2- 4% 1%
Nucleus consisting of 2-5
lobes linked by
chromatin
Bilobed nucleus Irregular lobes
Cytoplasm Specific granules
and Azurophillic
granules
Weekly stains
Large elongated
refractile specific
granules stained
by Eosin
Granules contains
Heparin,
Histamine.
Stains
Metachomatically.
Purple in colour
Life span 1-4 days 8-12 days Few hours to days
DrRadhakrishnan

28. Colony forming Unit-M
Megakaryoblast
Megakaryocytes
Platelets
 Anucleate cell fragments
 Also known as thrombocytes
 20000-400000 per micro litre of blood.
 Appears as clumps
 Peripheral light blue stain & central
purple stain
DrRadhakrishnan

29. Colony forming Unit-GM / Monocyte
 Euchromatic nucleus
 Oval, Horeshoe, Kidney shaped. Eccentrically placed
 Cytoplasm basophilic
 In electron microscope many Microvilli seen at the cell
surface
DrRadhakrishnan

30. Lymphoid colony forming cell
Nucleus is :
 Round
 Stains densely
 Surrounded by very narrow rim
of cytoplasm, basophilic.
Lymphoblast
Lymphocytes
T- Lymphocyte B- Lymphocyte
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32. RBC Neutrophil
Basophil MonocyteLymphocyte
Eosinophil
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33. RBC
Platelets
Eosinophil
Neutrophil
Basophil
RBC
Platelets
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35. REFERENCE VALUE
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