SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 44
PRESENTED
BY
K.LAVANYA ,M.Tech
1
 Admixtures is defined as a material, other than,
Cement
Water
Aggregate
 That is used as an ingredient of concrete and is added
to the batch immediately before or during mixing.
 Admixtures are used to modify the properties of
ordinary concrete so as to make it more suitable for any
situation.
2
 History of admixtures is as old as the history
of concrete. It embraces a very vast field,
but a few type of admixtures called Water
Reducers or High Range Water Reducers,
generally referred as plasticizers and
superplasticizers, are of recent interest.
 Specially developed in Japan & Germany
around 1970.
3
 Later on they were made popular in USA and
Europe even in middle East and Far
East.Unfortunately, the use of Plasticizers
and Superplasticizers have not become
popular in India till recently (1985).
4
 To modify properties of fresh & hardened
concrete
 To ensure the quality of concrete during
mixing, transporting, placing & curing
 To overcome certain unexpected
emergencies during concrete operations (ie,
set retarders)
5
 Increase slump and workability
 Retard or accelerate initial setting
 Reduce or prevent shrinkage
 Modify the rate or capacity for bleeding
 Reduce segregation
 Retard or reduce heat evolution during early
hardening
 Increase strength (compressive, tensile, or
flexural)
6
 Decrease permeability of concrete
 Increase bond of concrete to steel
reinforcement
 Increase bond between existing and new
concrete
 Improve impact and abrasion resistance
(hardness)
 Inhibit corrosion of embedded metal;
 Anti-washout
&
 Produce colored concrete.
7
 Most admixtures are supplied in a ready-to-
use form and added at plant or jobsite.
 Pigments and pumping aids are batched by
hand in VERY small amounts
8
 Chemical admixtures
 Mineral admixtures
9
According to characteristics effects
produced by them chemical admixtures used
are as follows.
 Plasticizers
 Super Plasticizers
 Retarders and retarding admixtures
 Accelerators and Accelerating Plasticizers
 Air-entraining admixtures
10
 Grouting admixtures
 Air – detraining admixtures
 Gas – forming admixtures
 Corrosion inhibiting admixtures
 Shrinkage reducing admixtures
 Water or damp proofing and permeability
reducing admixtures
11
 Cementitious
 Pozzolanic
 Ground Granulated Blast Furance Slag
(GGBS)
 Fly ash
 Silica Fume
 Rice Husk
12
These admixtures are used for following
purposes:
 To achieve a higher strength by decreasing the
water cement ratio at the same workability as
an admixture free mix.
 To achieve the same workability by decreasing
the cement content so as to reduce the heat of
hydration in mass concrete.
13
 To increase the workability so as to ease placing
in accessible locations
 Water reduction more than 5% but less than 12%
 The commonly used admixtures are Ligno-
sulphonates and hydrocarbolic acid salts.
 Plasticizers are usually based on lignosulphonate,
which is a natural polymer, derived from wood
processing in the paper industry.
14
Dispersion:
 Portland cement being in fine state will have a
tendency to flocculate in wet concrete, these
flocculation entraps certain amount of water
used in the mix.
 When its used, they get adsorbed on the cement
particles,creates particle to particle repulsive
forces which overcome the attractive forces.
15
 This repulsive force is called Zeta Potential,
which depends on the base, solid content,
quantity of plasticizer used.
 When cement particles are deflocculated, the
water trapped inside the flocs gets released &
now available to fluidify the mix.
Lubricating:
 The agents are organic by nature, thus they
lubricate the mix reducing the friction and increasing
the workability.
16
17
Retarding Effect:
 Plasticizers get adsorbed on the surface of the
cement particles and form a thin sheath.
 This sheath inhibits the surface hydration
reaction between water and cement as long as
sufficient plasticizers molecules are available.
 Quantity of plasticizers will decrease as the
polymers become entrapped in hydration
products.
18
The following mechanisms may take place
simultaneously:
 Reduction in the surface tension of water.
 Induced electrostatic repulsion between particles of
cement.
 Lubricating film between cement particles.
 Dispersion of cement grains, releasing water trapped
within cement flocs.
 Inhibition of the surface hydration reaction of the
cement particles, leaving more water to fluidify
the mix.
19
 Its developed in Japan & Germany during
1960 & 1970.
 They are chemically different from
normal plasticizers.
 Reduce water requirement by 12-30%
 The mechanism is more or less same as
the plasticizers
20
21
No plasticizers
 With 0.3 per cent superplasticizer
 They flowing concrete with very high slump
in the range of 7-9 inches (175-225 mm) to
be used in heavily reinforced structures
22
 Significant water reduction
 Reduced cement contents
 Increased workability
 Reduced effort required for placement
 More effective use of cement
 More rapid rate of early strength development;
 Increased long-term strength; &
 Reduced permeability.
23
24
High Passing ability:
 Additional admixture cost (the concrete in-
place cost may be reduced)
 Slump loss greater than conventional concrete
 Modification of air-entraining admixture dosage
 Less responsive with some cement
 Mild discoloration of light-colored concrete
25
 Sulphonated malaine-formaldehyde
condensates (SMF)
 Sulphonated naphthalene-formaldehyde
condensates (SNF)
 Modified lignosulphonates (MLS)
 Polycarboxylate derivatives
26
 Copolymer of carboxylic acrylic acid
with acrylic ester (CAE)
 Cross linked acrylic polymer (CLAP)
 Polycarboxylate ester (PC)
 Multicarboxylate ethers (MCE)
 Combination of above
27
 Retarding admixtures delay hydration of cement.
 To delay or extend the setting time of cement
paste in concrete.
 These are helpful for concrete that has to be
transported to long distance, and helpful in placing
the concrete at high temperatures.
 Used in casting and consolidating large number
of pours without the formation of cold joints
28
 Used in grouting oil wells.
 Commonly known retarder is Calcium sulphate.
 Appropriate amount of gypsum to be used must
be determined carefully.
 Use of gypsum is recommended when adequate
inspection and control is available.
 Otherwise addition of excess amount may cause
undesirable expansion and indefinite delay in
setting of concrete.
29
 Many a time this extent of retardation of
setting time offered by natures will not be
sufficient. Instead of adding retarders
separately, retarders are mixed with
plasticizers or super plasticizers at the time
of commercial production.
 Such commercial brand is known as
retarding plasticizers or retarding
superplastizers.
30
 Retarding plasticizers or superplastizers are
important category of admixtures.
 Used in Ready mixed concrete Industry for
the purposes of retaining the slump loss,
during high temperature, long transportation,
to avoid construction or cold joints, slip form
construction regulation of heat of
hydration.
31
 Accelerating admixtures are added to
concrete to shorten the setting time &
increase the rate of hardening & strength
development of concrete.
 Its increase in the rate of hydration of the
hydraulic cement.
 These are used in cold weather conditions
(below 5˚C or 41˚F)
32
Some widely used and effective chemicals
that accelerate the rate of hardening of concrete
mixtures, including
 calcium chloride,
 other chlorides,
 triethanolamine,
 silicates,
 fluorides,
 alkali hydroxide,
 nitrites, nitrates,& formates.
33
 Reduced bleeding,
 Earlier finishing,
 Improved protection against early exposure
to freezing and thawing,
 Earlier use of structure,
 Reduction of protection time to achieve a
given quality,
 Early removal of form, and
 In some case, early load application.
34
 Certain Ingredients are added to accelerate the
strength development of concrete to plasticizers or
super plasticizers. Such accelerating super
plasticizers, when added to concrete result in faster
development of strength
 The accelerating materials added to plasticizer or
superplasticizers are triethenolamine chlorides,
calcium nutrite, nitrates and flousillcates etc.,
 The accelerating plasticizers or accelerating super
plasticizers manufactured by well known companies
are chloride free
35
 Microscopic air bubbles intentionally incorporated in
mortar or concrete during mixing, usually by use of a
surface-active agent; typically between 10 &1000 μm in
diameter and spherical or nearly so.
♫ It is the process whereby many small air bubbles are
incorporated into concrete and become part of the
matrix that binds the aggregate together in the
hardened concrete.
♫ These air bubbles are dispersed throughout the hardened
cement paste
36
The air voids present in concrete can be
brought under two groups:
a) Entrained air
b) Entrapped air
37
 Natural wood resins
 Animal and vegetable fats and oils such as
tallow, olive oil and their fatty acids such as
stearic and oleic acids
 Various wetting agents such as alkali salts or
sulphonated organic compounds
 Water soluble soaps of resins acid
 Miscellaneous materials such as sodium salts of
petroleum sulphonic acids, hydrogen peroxide
and aluminium powder, etc
38
 Type and quantity of air entraining agents used
 Water cement ratio of mix
 Type and grading of aggregates
 Mixing time
 Temperature
 Type of cement
 Influence of compaction
 Admixtures other than air entraining agents used
39
Air entrainment will effect directly the
following three properties of concrete
 Increased resistance to freezing and
thawing
 Improvement in workability
 Reduction in strength
40
Incidentally Air entrainment will affect
the properties in following ways:
 Reduces the tendencies of segregation
 Reduces the bleeding and laitance
 Decreases the permeability
 Increases the resistance to chemical attack
 Permits reduction in sand content, water
content, cost, & heat of hydration
 Reduces unit weight, alkali aggregate reaction,
the modulus of elasticity
41
 Plasticizers, superplasticizers, & Air-
entraining admixtures is mostly used.
 Superplasticizers is widely used all over the
wold.
 India is catching up with the use of
superplasticizer in the construction of high
rise buildings, long span brides
 Because It reduced cement content,
increased workability, & increased strength.
42
♫ Concrete Technology - M.S.Shetty
♫ www.aboutcivil.com
♫ www.concrete.org
♫ www.pdhengineer.com
43
44

More Related Content

What's hot

High performance concrete ppt
High performance concrete pptHigh performance concrete ppt
High performance concrete pptGoogle
 
Polymer concrete and it's types
Polymer concrete and it's typesPolymer concrete and it's types
Polymer concrete and it's typesMONISHA K Y
 
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE PPT
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE PPTHIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE PPT
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE PPTabdul raheem
 
Properties of fresh and Hardened Concrete
Properties of fresh and Hardened ConcreteProperties of fresh and Hardened Concrete
Properties of fresh and Hardened ConcreteVijay RAWAT
 
Introduction of Concrete
Introduction of ConcreteIntroduction of Concrete
Introduction of ConcreteNaveen Kumar
 
TYPES OF TESTS ON CONCRETE
TYPES OF TESTS ON CONCRETETYPES OF TESTS ON CONCRETE
TYPES OF TESTS ON CONCRETEJASHU JASWANTH
 
Mineral admixtures
Mineral admixturesMineral admixtures
Mineral admixturesDeviprasad
 
High strength concrete
High strength concrete  High strength concrete
High strength concrete Pranuthi Konda
 
type of aggregate
type of aggregatetype of aggregate
type of aggregateAnup Kude
 
Durability of concrete
Durability of concreteDurability of concrete
Durability of concreteRajesh Prasad
 
A presentation on concrete-Concrete Technology
A presentation on concrete-Concrete TechnologyA presentation on concrete-Concrete Technology
A presentation on concrete-Concrete TechnologyAbdul Majid
 
Durability and Permeability of Concrete
Durability  and Permeability of ConcreteDurability  and Permeability of Concrete
Durability and Permeability of ConcreteGAURAV. H .TANDON
 

What's hot (20)

High performance concrete ppt
High performance concrete pptHigh performance concrete ppt
High performance concrete ppt
 
Polymer concrete and it's types
Polymer concrete and it's typesPolymer concrete and it's types
Polymer concrete and it's types
 
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE PPT
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE PPTHIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE PPT
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE PPT
 
Water in concrete
Water in concreteWater in concrete
Water in concrete
 
Properties of fresh and Hardened Concrete
Properties of fresh and Hardened ConcreteProperties of fresh and Hardened Concrete
Properties of fresh and Hardened Concrete
 
Introduction of Concrete
Introduction of ConcreteIntroduction of Concrete
Introduction of Concrete
 
Concrete
ConcreteConcrete
Concrete
 
TYPES OF TESTS ON CONCRETE
TYPES OF TESTS ON CONCRETETYPES OF TESTS ON CONCRETE
TYPES OF TESTS ON CONCRETE
 
Mineral admixtures
Mineral admixturesMineral admixtures
Mineral admixtures
 
High strength concrete
High strength concrete  High strength concrete
High strength concrete
 
type of aggregate
type of aggregatetype of aggregate
type of aggregate
 
hot and cold weather concreting
hot and cold weather concretinghot and cold weather concreting
hot and cold weather concreting
 
Durability of concrete
Durability of concreteDurability of concrete
Durability of concrete
 
Aggregates ppt
Aggregates pptAggregates ppt
Aggregates ppt
 
Fresh and harden properties of concrete
Fresh and harden properties of concreteFresh and harden properties of concrete
Fresh and harden properties of concrete
 
Concrete
ConcreteConcrete
Concrete
 
Curing of concrete
Curing of concreteCuring of concrete
Curing of concrete
 
A presentation on concrete-Concrete Technology
A presentation on concrete-Concrete TechnologyA presentation on concrete-Concrete Technology
A presentation on concrete-Concrete Technology
 
distress of concrete
distress of concretedistress of concrete
distress of concrete
 
Durability and Permeability of Concrete
Durability  and Permeability of ConcreteDurability  and Permeability of Concrete
Durability and Permeability of Concrete
 

Viewers also liked

Ppt ON ADMIXTURES
Ppt ON ADMIXTURESPpt ON ADMIXTURES
Ppt ON ADMIXTURESNeha Bansal
 
CONCRETE ADMIXTURES
CONCRETE ADMIXTURESCONCRETE ADMIXTURES
CONCRETE ADMIXTURESBhrigu85
 
Chemical Admixtures & Mineral Additives
Chemical Admixtures & Mineral AdditivesChemical Admixtures & Mineral Additives
Chemical Admixtures & Mineral AdditivesJay Shah
 
Ready mix concrete
Ready mix concreteReady mix concrete
Ready mix concreterafisajjad
 
Fibre reinforced concrete
Fibre reinforced concreteFibre reinforced concrete
Fibre reinforced concreteMOHIT PANCHAL
 
Self compacting concrete
Self compacting concreteSelf compacting concrete
Self compacting concreteMohamed Saber
 
Ready-Mix Concrete
Ready-Mix ConcreteReady-Mix Concrete
Ready-Mix ConcreteUzma Zaki
 
Self compacting concrete (scc)
Self compacting concrete (scc)Self compacting concrete (scc)
Self compacting concrete (scc)y Sahaja
 
self compacting concrete
self compacting concreteself compacting concrete
self compacting concreteGLA University
 
Light weight concrete
Light weight concreteLight weight concrete
Light weight concreteAnil Shastry
 
Self compacting concrete
Self compacting concreteSelf compacting concrete
Self compacting concretevishva Patel
 
lightweight concrete
lightweight concretelightweight concrete
lightweight concreteAgatha Fred
 
A POWERPOINT PRESENTAION ON READY-MIX CONCRETE
A POWERPOINT PRESENTAION ON READY-MIX CONCRETEA POWERPOINT PRESENTAION ON READY-MIX CONCRETE
A POWERPOINT PRESENTAION ON READY-MIX CONCRETEkuntansourav
 

Viewers also liked (20)

Ppt ON ADMIXTURES
Ppt ON ADMIXTURESPpt ON ADMIXTURES
Ppt ON ADMIXTURES
 
Concrete Admixtures
 Concrete Admixtures Concrete Admixtures
Concrete Admixtures
 
Admixtures
AdmixturesAdmixtures
Admixtures
 
Concrete admixtures
Concrete admixturesConcrete admixtures
Concrete admixtures
 
CONCRETE ADMIXTURES
CONCRETE ADMIXTURESCONCRETE ADMIXTURES
CONCRETE ADMIXTURES
 
Form Work
Form Work Form Work
Form Work
 
43 privet drive
43 privet drive43 privet drive
43 privet drive
 
Ductile detailing
Ductile detailingDuctile detailing
Ductile detailing
 
Handling of Concrete
Handling of ConcreteHandling of Concrete
Handling of Concrete
 
Chemical Admixtures & Mineral Additives
Chemical Admixtures & Mineral AdditivesChemical Admixtures & Mineral Additives
Chemical Admixtures & Mineral Additives
 
Ready mix concrete
Ready mix concreteReady mix concrete
Ready mix concrete
 
Fibre reinforced concrete
Fibre reinforced concreteFibre reinforced concrete
Fibre reinforced concrete
 
Self compacting concrete
Self compacting concreteSelf compacting concrete
Self compacting concrete
 
Ready-Mix Concrete
Ready-Mix ConcreteReady-Mix Concrete
Ready-Mix Concrete
 
Self compacting concrete (scc)
Self compacting concrete (scc)Self compacting concrete (scc)
Self compacting concrete (scc)
 
self compacting concrete
self compacting concreteself compacting concrete
self compacting concrete
 
Light weight concrete
Light weight concreteLight weight concrete
Light weight concrete
 
Self compacting concrete
Self compacting concreteSelf compacting concrete
Self compacting concrete
 
lightweight concrete
lightweight concretelightweight concrete
lightweight concrete
 
A POWERPOINT PRESENTAION ON READY-MIX CONCRETE
A POWERPOINT PRESENTAION ON READY-MIX CONCRETEA POWERPOINT PRESENTAION ON READY-MIX CONCRETE
A POWERPOINT PRESENTAION ON READY-MIX CONCRETE
 

Similar to Admixture of concrete

Admixtures for Concrete Technology
Admixtures for Concrete TechnologyAdmixtures for Concrete Technology
Admixtures for Concrete TechnologySunny Saha
 
admixturs66-160302190009.pdf
admixturs66-160302190009.pdfadmixturs66-160302190009.pdf
admixturs66-160302190009.pdfReigerRoyal
 
Module on admixture , polymer and exposy resins
Module on admixture , polymer and exposy resinsModule on admixture , polymer and exposy resins
Module on admixture , polymer and exposy resinsErankajKumar
 
Advanced concrete technology
Advanced concrete technologyAdvanced concrete technology
Advanced concrete technologyChandu Devavarapu
 
Chemical admixtures
Chemical admixturesChemical admixtures
Chemical admixturesAshni Mona
 
Admixtures in concrete/Types of admixtures
Admixtures in concrete/Types of admixturesAdmixtures in concrete/Types of admixtures
Admixtures in concrete/Types of admixtureskavithamegha
 
Use of chemical and mineral admixture in concrete
Use of chemical and mineral admixture in concreteUse of chemical and mineral admixture in concrete
Use of chemical and mineral admixture in concreteHardik Visapara
 
Additives and admixture
Additives and admixtureAdditives and admixture
Additives and admixturemohangu
 
RISUN Brochure-T Serial for Construction Application
RISUN Brochure-T Serial for Construction ApplicationRISUN Brochure-T Serial for Construction Application
RISUN Brochure-T Serial for Construction ApplicationSean Koo
 
Admixtures And Their Properties
Admixtures And Their PropertiesAdmixtures And Their Properties
Admixtures And Their PropertiesUmar Ahad
 
Cement Chemical admixtures
Cement Chemical admixturesCement Chemical admixtures
Cement Chemical admixturesNaresh Kumar
 

Similar to Admixture of concrete (20)

Admixtures for Concrete Technology
Admixtures for Concrete TechnologyAdmixtures for Concrete Technology
Admixtures for Concrete Technology
 
Additive & admixture
Additive & admixtureAdditive & admixture
Additive & admixture
 
admixturs66-160302190009.pdf
admixturs66-160302190009.pdfadmixturs66-160302190009.pdf
admixturs66-160302190009.pdf
 
Module on admixture , polymer and exposy resins
Module on admixture , polymer and exposy resinsModule on admixture , polymer and exposy resins
Module on admixture , polymer and exposy resins
 
Materials and Techniques For Repair
Materials and Techniques For RepairMaterials and Techniques For Repair
Materials and Techniques For Repair
 
Admixtures
AdmixturesAdmixtures
Admixtures
 
Admixtures
AdmixturesAdmixtures
Admixtures
 
Advanced concrete technology
Advanced concrete technologyAdvanced concrete technology
Advanced concrete technology
 
Admixtures
AdmixturesAdmixtures
Admixtures
 
Chemical admixtures
Chemical admixturesChemical admixtures
Chemical admixtures
 
Admixtures in concrete/Types of admixtures
Admixtures in concrete/Types of admixturesAdmixtures in concrete/Types of admixtures
Admixtures in concrete/Types of admixtures
 
Admixtures.pptx
 Admixtures.pptx Admixtures.pptx
Admixtures.pptx
 
Use of chemical and mineral admixture in concrete
Use of chemical and mineral admixture in concreteUse of chemical and mineral admixture in concrete
Use of chemical and mineral admixture in concrete
 
Additives and admixture
Additives and admixtureAdditives and admixture
Additives and admixture
 
concrete admixtures
concrete admixturesconcrete admixtures
concrete admixtures
 
RISUN Brochure-T Serial for Construction Application
RISUN Brochure-T Serial for Construction ApplicationRISUN Brochure-T Serial for Construction Application
RISUN Brochure-T Serial for Construction Application
 
Admixtures And Their Properties
Admixtures And Their PropertiesAdmixtures And Their Properties
Admixtures And Their Properties
 
Cement Chemical admixtures
Cement Chemical admixturesCement Chemical admixtures
Cement Chemical admixtures
 
Additives & Admixtures
 Additives & Admixtures Additives & Admixtures
Additives & Admixtures
 
admixtures.pdf
admixtures.pdfadmixtures.pdf
admixtures.pdf
 

More from Lavanya Singh

Submarine earthquake
Submarine earthquakeSubmarine earthquake
Submarine earthquakeLavanya Singh
 
Safety hand tools & grinding
Safety hand tools & grindingSafety hand tools & grinding
Safety hand tools & grindingLavanya Singh
 
Advance water treatment
Advance water treatmentAdvance water treatment
Advance water treatmentLavanya Singh
 
Various types of pressure pipes
Various types of pressure pipes Various types of pressure pipes
Various types of pressure pipes Lavanya Singh
 
COMPASS AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYING
COMPASS AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYINGCOMPASS AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYING
COMPASS AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYINGLavanya Singh
 

More from Lavanya Singh (6)

Formwork
FormworkFormwork
Formwork
 
Submarine earthquake
Submarine earthquakeSubmarine earthquake
Submarine earthquake
 
Safety hand tools & grinding
Safety hand tools & grindingSafety hand tools & grinding
Safety hand tools & grinding
 
Advance water treatment
Advance water treatmentAdvance water treatment
Advance water treatment
 
Various types of pressure pipes
Various types of pressure pipes Various types of pressure pipes
Various types of pressure pipes
 
COMPASS AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYING
COMPASS AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYINGCOMPASS AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYING
COMPASS AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYING
 

Recently uploaded

UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptx
UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptxUNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptx
UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptxrealme6igamerr
 
nvidia AI-gtc 2024 partial slide deck.pptx
nvidia AI-gtc 2024 partial slide deck.pptxnvidia AI-gtc 2024 partial slide deck.pptx
nvidia AI-gtc 2024 partial slide deck.pptxjasonsedano2
 
cloud computing notes for anna university syllabus
cloud computing notes for anna university syllabuscloud computing notes for anna university syllabus
cloud computing notes for anna university syllabusViolet Violet
 
Phase noise transfer functions.pptx
Phase noise transfer      functions.pptxPhase noise transfer      functions.pptx
Phase noise transfer functions.pptxSaiGouthamSunkara
 
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdf
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdfHow to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdf
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdfRedhwan Qasem Shaddad
 
Quasi-Stochastic Approximation: Algorithm Design Principles with Applications...
Quasi-Stochastic Approximation: Algorithm Design Principles with Applications...Quasi-Stochastic Approximation: Algorithm Design Principles with Applications...
Quasi-Stochastic Approximation: Algorithm Design Principles with Applications...Sean Meyn
 
Design Analysis of Alogorithm 1 ppt 2024.pptx
Design Analysis of Alogorithm 1 ppt 2024.pptxDesign Analysis of Alogorithm 1 ppt 2024.pptx
Design Analysis of Alogorithm 1 ppt 2024.pptxrajesshs31r
 
SATELITE COMMUNICATION UNIT 1 CEC352 REGULATION 2021 PPT BASICS OF SATELITE ....
SATELITE COMMUNICATION UNIT 1 CEC352 REGULATION 2021 PPT BASICS OF SATELITE ....SATELITE COMMUNICATION UNIT 1 CEC352 REGULATION 2021 PPT BASICS OF SATELITE ....
SATELITE COMMUNICATION UNIT 1 CEC352 REGULATION 2021 PPT BASICS OF SATELITE ....santhyamuthu1
 
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdf
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdfsdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdf
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdfJulia Kaye
 
The relationship between iot and communication technology
The relationship between iot and communication technologyThe relationship between iot and communication technology
The relationship between iot and communication technologyabdulkadirmukarram03
 
Introduction to Machine Learning Unit-3 for II MECH
Introduction to Machine Learning Unit-3 for II MECHIntroduction to Machine Learning Unit-3 for II MECH
Introduction to Machine Learning Unit-3 for II MECHC Sai Kiran
 
IT3401-WEB ESSENTIALS PRESENTATIONS.pptx
IT3401-WEB ESSENTIALS PRESENTATIONS.pptxIT3401-WEB ESSENTIALS PRESENTATIONS.pptx
IT3401-WEB ESSENTIALS PRESENTATIONS.pptxSAJITHABANUS
 
A Seminar on Electric Vehicle Software Simulation
A Seminar on Electric Vehicle Software SimulationA Seminar on Electric Vehicle Software Simulation
A Seminar on Electric Vehicle Software SimulationMohsinKhanA
 
Summer training report on BUILDING CONSTRUCTION for DIPLOMA Students.pdf
Summer training report on BUILDING CONSTRUCTION for DIPLOMA Students.pdfSummer training report on BUILDING CONSTRUCTION for DIPLOMA Students.pdf
Summer training report on BUILDING CONSTRUCTION for DIPLOMA Students.pdfNaveenVerma126
 
Oracle_PLSQL_basic_tutorial_with_workon_Exercises.ppt
Oracle_PLSQL_basic_tutorial_with_workon_Exercises.pptOracle_PLSQL_basic_tutorial_with_workon_Exercises.ppt
Oracle_PLSQL_basic_tutorial_with_workon_Exercises.pptDheerajKashnyal
 
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptx
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptxMohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptx
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptxKISHAN KUMAR
 
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...amrabdallah9
 
Popular-NO1 Kala Jadu Expert Specialist In Germany Kala Jadu Expert Specialis...
Popular-NO1 Kala Jadu Expert Specialist In Germany Kala Jadu Expert Specialis...Popular-NO1 Kala Jadu Expert Specialist In Germany Kala Jadu Expert Specialis...
Popular-NO1 Kala Jadu Expert Specialist In Germany Kala Jadu Expert Specialis...Amil baba
 
Transforming Process Safety Management: Challenges, Benefits, and Transition ...
Transforming Process Safety Management: Challenges, Benefits, and Transition ...Transforming Process Safety Management: Challenges, Benefits, and Transition ...
Transforming Process Safety Management: Challenges, Benefits, and Transition ...soginsider
 

Recently uploaded (20)

UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptx
UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptxUNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptx
UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptx
 
nvidia AI-gtc 2024 partial slide deck.pptx
nvidia AI-gtc 2024 partial slide deck.pptxnvidia AI-gtc 2024 partial slide deck.pptx
nvidia AI-gtc 2024 partial slide deck.pptx
 
cloud computing notes for anna university syllabus
cloud computing notes for anna university syllabuscloud computing notes for anna university syllabus
cloud computing notes for anna university syllabus
 
Phase noise transfer functions.pptx
Phase noise transfer      functions.pptxPhase noise transfer      functions.pptx
Phase noise transfer functions.pptx
 
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdf
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdfHow to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdf
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdf
 
Quasi-Stochastic Approximation: Algorithm Design Principles with Applications...
Quasi-Stochastic Approximation: Algorithm Design Principles with Applications...Quasi-Stochastic Approximation: Algorithm Design Principles with Applications...
Quasi-Stochastic Approximation: Algorithm Design Principles with Applications...
 
Lecture 2 .pdf
Lecture 2                           .pdfLecture 2                           .pdf
Lecture 2 .pdf
 
Design Analysis of Alogorithm 1 ppt 2024.pptx
Design Analysis of Alogorithm 1 ppt 2024.pptxDesign Analysis of Alogorithm 1 ppt 2024.pptx
Design Analysis of Alogorithm 1 ppt 2024.pptx
 
SATELITE COMMUNICATION UNIT 1 CEC352 REGULATION 2021 PPT BASICS OF SATELITE ....
SATELITE COMMUNICATION UNIT 1 CEC352 REGULATION 2021 PPT BASICS OF SATELITE ....SATELITE COMMUNICATION UNIT 1 CEC352 REGULATION 2021 PPT BASICS OF SATELITE ....
SATELITE COMMUNICATION UNIT 1 CEC352 REGULATION 2021 PPT BASICS OF SATELITE ....
 
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdf
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdfsdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdf
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdf
 
The relationship between iot and communication technology
The relationship between iot and communication technologyThe relationship between iot and communication technology
The relationship between iot and communication technology
 
Introduction to Machine Learning Unit-3 for II MECH
Introduction to Machine Learning Unit-3 for II MECHIntroduction to Machine Learning Unit-3 for II MECH
Introduction to Machine Learning Unit-3 for II MECH
 
IT3401-WEB ESSENTIALS PRESENTATIONS.pptx
IT3401-WEB ESSENTIALS PRESENTATIONS.pptxIT3401-WEB ESSENTIALS PRESENTATIONS.pptx
IT3401-WEB ESSENTIALS PRESENTATIONS.pptx
 
A Seminar on Electric Vehicle Software Simulation
A Seminar on Electric Vehicle Software SimulationA Seminar on Electric Vehicle Software Simulation
A Seminar on Electric Vehicle Software Simulation
 
Summer training report on BUILDING CONSTRUCTION for DIPLOMA Students.pdf
Summer training report on BUILDING CONSTRUCTION for DIPLOMA Students.pdfSummer training report on BUILDING CONSTRUCTION for DIPLOMA Students.pdf
Summer training report on BUILDING CONSTRUCTION for DIPLOMA Students.pdf
 
Oracle_PLSQL_basic_tutorial_with_workon_Exercises.ppt
Oracle_PLSQL_basic_tutorial_with_workon_Exercises.pptOracle_PLSQL_basic_tutorial_with_workon_Exercises.ppt
Oracle_PLSQL_basic_tutorial_with_workon_Exercises.ppt
 
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptx
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptxMohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptx
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptx
 
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...
 
Popular-NO1 Kala Jadu Expert Specialist In Germany Kala Jadu Expert Specialis...
Popular-NO1 Kala Jadu Expert Specialist In Germany Kala Jadu Expert Specialis...Popular-NO1 Kala Jadu Expert Specialist In Germany Kala Jadu Expert Specialis...
Popular-NO1 Kala Jadu Expert Specialist In Germany Kala Jadu Expert Specialis...
 
Transforming Process Safety Management: Challenges, Benefits, and Transition ...
Transforming Process Safety Management: Challenges, Benefits, and Transition ...Transforming Process Safety Management: Challenges, Benefits, and Transition ...
Transforming Process Safety Management: Challenges, Benefits, and Transition ...
 

Admixture of concrete

  • 2.  Admixtures is defined as a material, other than, Cement Water Aggregate  That is used as an ingredient of concrete and is added to the batch immediately before or during mixing.  Admixtures are used to modify the properties of ordinary concrete so as to make it more suitable for any situation. 2
  • 3.  History of admixtures is as old as the history of concrete. It embraces a very vast field, but a few type of admixtures called Water Reducers or High Range Water Reducers, generally referred as plasticizers and superplasticizers, are of recent interest.  Specially developed in Japan & Germany around 1970. 3
  • 4.  Later on they were made popular in USA and Europe even in middle East and Far East.Unfortunately, the use of Plasticizers and Superplasticizers have not become popular in India till recently (1985). 4
  • 5.  To modify properties of fresh & hardened concrete  To ensure the quality of concrete during mixing, transporting, placing & curing  To overcome certain unexpected emergencies during concrete operations (ie, set retarders) 5
  • 6.  Increase slump and workability  Retard or accelerate initial setting  Reduce or prevent shrinkage  Modify the rate or capacity for bleeding  Reduce segregation  Retard or reduce heat evolution during early hardening  Increase strength (compressive, tensile, or flexural) 6
  • 7.  Decrease permeability of concrete  Increase bond of concrete to steel reinforcement  Increase bond between existing and new concrete  Improve impact and abrasion resistance (hardness)  Inhibit corrosion of embedded metal;  Anti-washout &  Produce colored concrete. 7
  • 8.  Most admixtures are supplied in a ready-to- use form and added at plant or jobsite.  Pigments and pumping aids are batched by hand in VERY small amounts 8
  • 9.  Chemical admixtures  Mineral admixtures 9
  • 10. According to characteristics effects produced by them chemical admixtures used are as follows.  Plasticizers  Super Plasticizers  Retarders and retarding admixtures  Accelerators and Accelerating Plasticizers  Air-entraining admixtures 10
  • 11.  Grouting admixtures  Air – detraining admixtures  Gas – forming admixtures  Corrosion inhibiting admixtures  Shrinkage reducing admixtures  Water or damp proofing and permeability reducing admixtures 11
  • 12.  Cementitious  Pozzolanic  Ground Granulated Blast Furance Slag (GGBS)  Fly ash  Silica Fume  Rice Husk 12
  • 13. These admixtures are used for following purposes:  To achieve a higher strength by decreasing the water cement ratio at the same workability as an admixture free mix.  To achieve the same workability by decreasing the cement content so as to reduce the heat of hydration in mass concrete. 13
  • 14.  To increase the workability so as to ease placing in accessible locations  Water reduction more than 5% but less than 12%  The commonly used admixtures are Ligno- sulphonates and hydrocarbolic acid salts.  Plasticizers are usually based on lignosulphonate, which is a natural polymer, derived from wood processing in the paper industry. 14
  • 15. Dispersion:  Portland cement being in fine state will have a tendency to flocculate in wet concrete, these flocculation entraps certain amount of water used in the mix.  When its used, they get adsorbed on the cement particles,creates particle to particle repulsive forces which overcome the attractive forces. 15
  • 16.  This repulsive force is called Zeta Potential, which depends on the base, solid content, quantity of plasticizer used.  When cement particles are deflocculated, the water trapped inside the flocs gets released & now available to fluidify the mix. Lubricating:  The agents are organic by nature, thus they lubricate the mix reducing the friction and increasing the workability. 16
  • 17. 17
  • 18. Retarding Effect:  Plasticizers get adsorbed on the surface of the cement particles and form a thin sheath.  This sheath inhibits the surface hydration reaction between water and cement as long as sufficient plasticizers molecules are available.  Quantity of plasticizers will decrease as the polymers become entrapped in hydration products. 18
  • 19. The following mechanisms may take place simultaneously:  Reduction in the surface tension of water.  Induced electrostatic repulsion between particles of cement.  Lubricating film between cement particles.  Dispersion of cement grains, releasing water trapped within cement flocs.  Inhibition of the surface hydration reaction of the cement particles, leaving more water to fluidify the mix. 19
  • 20.  Its developed in Japan & Germany during 1960 & 1970.  They are chemically different from normal plasticizers.  Reduce water requirement by 12-30%  The mechanism is more or less same as the plasticizers 20
  • 21. 21 No plasticizers  With 0.3 per cent superplasticizer
  • 22.  They flowing concrete with very high slump in the range of 7-9 inches (175-225 mm) to be used in heavily reinforced structures 22
  • 23.  Significant water reduction  Reduced cement contents  Increased workability  Reduced effort required for placement  More effective use of cement  More rapid rate of early strength development;  Increased long-term strength; &  Reduced permeability. 23
  • 25.  Additional admixture cost (the concrete in- place cost may be reduced)  Slump loss greater than conventional concrete  Modification of air-entraining admixture dosage  Less responsive with some cement  Mild discoloration of light-colored concrete 25
  • 26.  Sulphonated malaine-formaldehyde condensates (SMF)  Sulphonated naphthalene-formaldehyde condensates (SNF)  Modified lignosulphonates (MLS)  Polycarboxylate derivatives 26
  • 27.  Copolymer of carboxylic acrylic acid with acrylic ester (CAE)  Cross linked acrylic polymer (CLAP)  Polycarboxylate ester (PC)  Multicarboxylate ethers (MCE)  Combination of above 27
  • 28.  Retarding admixtures delay hydration of cement.  To delay or extend the setting time of cement paste in concrete.  These are helpful for concrete that has to be transported to long distance, and helpful in placing the concrete at high temperatures.  Used in casting and consolidating large number of pours without the formation of cold joints 28
  • 29.  Used in grouting oil wells.  Commonly known retarder is Calcium sulphate.  Appropriate amount of gypsum to be used must be determined carefully.  Use of gypsum is recommended when adequate inspection and control is available.  Otherwise addition of excess amount may cause undesirable expansion and indefinite delay in setting of concrete. 29
  • 30.  Many a time this extent of retardation of setting time offered by natures will not be sufficient. Instead of adding retarders separately, retarders are mixed with plasticizers or super plasticizers at the time of commercial production.  Such commercial brand is known as retarding plasticizers or retarding superplastizers. 30
  • 31.  Retarding plasticizers or superplastizers are important category of admixtures.  Used in Ready mixed concrete Industry for the purposes of retaining the slump loss, during high temperature, long transportation, to avoid construction or cold joints, slip form construction regulation of heat of hydration. 31
  • 32.  Accelerating admixtures are added to concrete to shorten the setting time & increase the rate of hardening & strength development of concrete.  Its increase in the rate of hydration of the hydraulic cement.  These are used in cold weather conditions (below 5˚C or 41˚F) 32
  • 33. Some widely used and effective chemicals that accelerate the rate of hardening of concrete mixtures, including  calcium chloride,  other chlorides,  triethanolamine,  silicates,  fluorides,  alkali hydroxide,  nitrites, nitrates,& formates. 33
  • 34.  Reduced bleeding,  Earlier finishing,  Improved protection against early exposure to freezing and thawing,  Earlier use of structure,  Reduction of protection time to achieve a given quality,  Early removal of form, and  In some case, early load application. 34
  • 35.  Certain Ingredients are added to accelerate the strength development of concrete to plasticizers or super plasticizers. Such accelerating super plasticizers, when added to concrete result in faster development of strength  The accelerating materials added to plasticizer or superplasticizers are triethenolamine chlorides, calcium nutrite, nitrates and flousillcates etc.,  The accelerating plasticizers or accelerating super plasticizers manufactured by well known companies are chloride free 35
  • 36.  Microscopic air bubbles intentionally incorporated in mortar or concrete during mixing, usually by use of a surface-active agent; typically between 10 &1000 μm in diameter and spherical or nearly so. ♫ It is the process whereby many small air bubbles are incorporated into concrete and become part of the matrix that binds the aggregate together in the hardened concrete. ♫ These air bubbles are dispersed throughout the hardened cement paste 36
  • 37. The air voids present in concrete can be brought under two groups: a) Entrained air b) Entrapped air 37
  • 38.  Natural wood resins  Animal and vegetable fats and oils such as tallow, olive oil and their fatty acids such as stearic and oleic acids  Various wetting agents such as alkali salts or sulphonated organic compounds  Water soluble soaps of resins acid  Miscellaneous materials such as sodium salts of petroleum sulphonic acids, hydrogen peroxide and aluminium powder, etc 38
  • 39.  Type and quantity of air entraining agents used  Water cement ratio of mix  Type and grading of aggregates  Mixing time  Temperature  Type of cement  Influence of compaction  Admixtures other than air entraining agents used 39
  • 40. Air entrainment will effect directly the following three properties of concrete  Increased resistance to freezing and thawing  Improvement in workability  Reduction in strength 40
  • 41. Incidentally Air entrainment will affect the properties in following ways:  Reduces the tendencies of segregation  Reduces the bleeding and laitance  Decreases the permeability  Increases the resistance to chemical attack  Permits reduction in sand content, water content, cost, & heat of hydration  Reduces unit weight, alkali aggregate reaction, the modulus of elasticity 41
  • 42.  Plasticizers, superplasticizers, & Air- entraining admixtures is mostly used.  Superplasticizers is widely used all over the wold.  India is catching up with the use of superplasticizer in the construction of high rise buildings, long span brides  Because It reduced cement content, increased workability, & increased strength. 42
  • 43. ♫ Concrete Technology - M.S.Shetty ♫ www.aboutcivil.com ♫ www.concrete.org ♫ www.pdhengineer.com 43
  • 44. 44