How do we learn about our racial and ethnic identity? From whom do we learn the meaning of these terms? What messages have we internalized about ourselves and others? What are the differences that result in one person having a healthy self identity and another person experiencing own-group shame and hatred? Learn how we can understand our own journey and co-author the identity development of youth to progress toward positive success for all.

1. AsEA Conference 2017
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee
Seattle Girls’ School
I Learned Who I Was When…
Identity Development
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
Please go to tiny.cc/rosettalee
and click on the AsEA 2017
Identity Development link.
There, you will be able to
download handouts for this
session’s activities.

2. About Seattle Girls’ School
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

3. Agenda
 Identity Development
 Theory: Models of Identity Development
 Exercise: I Learned Who I Was When…
 Racial and Ethnic Identity and Schools
 So What? Now What?
 Resources
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

4.  What is it?
 What are the
various dimensions
of identity?
 Why identity
development?
Identity Development
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

5. Racial and Ethnic Identity
Development Models
• All Models Have Some
Value
• All Models Have Some
Limitations
• Models Are Linear;
Experiences Are Not
• Models Can Extend
Beyond Group
Defined
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

6. Exercise:
I Learned Who I Was When…
• Please read the I.D. model for your
own racial or ethnic identity.
Reflect on the similarities and
differences between the model
and your own identity journey.
• How did you discover your racial or
ethnic identity? Who/what told
you who you were? What were
the messages? How did you
feel about yourself?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

7.  Identity Frames
 Intractability
 Positive and Negative Encounters
 Identity Socialization
 Co-Authorship of Identity
Identity and Cultural Inclusion
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

8.  Parallel
 Regressive
 Crossed
 Progressive
 Symbiotic
R.T. Carter’s Model:
Racial Identity and
Social Interactions
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

9. Effect of Varying Identifications
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

10. Orientations Toward Ethnic Identity
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

11. So What? Now What?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

12. Final Questions or Comments?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

13. Resources
• Carlos H. Arce, “A Reconsideration of Chicano Culture
and Identity”
• Atkinson, Morten, & Sue, “Racial/Cultural Identity
Development Model (R/CID)”
• Mindy Bingham and Sandy Stryker, “Socioemotional
Development for Girls”
• Vivienne Cass, “Homosexual identity formation: Testing
a theoretical model”
• William Cross, Shades of Black: Diversity in African
American Identity”
• Anthony D’Augelli, “ Identity development and sexual
orientation: Toward a model of lesbian, gay, and
bisexual development”
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

14. Resources
• Erik Erikson, “Eight Stages of Man”
• J. E. Helms, Various Publications on Racial and Ethnic
Identity Development
• Allan G. Johnson, Privilege, Power, and Difference
• Jean Kim, “Processes of Asian American Identity
Development”
• James Maricia, “Four Ego and Identity Statuses”
• Suzanne Kobasa Ouellette, “The Three C’s of
Hardiness”
• Michael J Nakkula and Eric Toshalis, Understanding
Youth.
• Jean S. Phinney, “Ethnic Identity in Adolescents and
Adults: Review of the Research”
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

15. Resources
• Ponterotto & Pederso, Preventing Prejudice
• Maria P. P. Root, Various Works on Multiracial Identity
• Patricia Romney, Karlene Ferron, and Jennifer Hill,
“Measuring the Success of Diversity Directors in
Independent Schools”
• Pedro Ruiz, “Latino/a Identity Development Model”
• Chalmer E. Thompson and Robert T. Carter, Racial
Identity Theory
• Alex Wilson, “How We Find Ourselves: Identity
Development and Two Spirit People”
• Christine J. Yeh, “The Collectivistic Nature of Identity
Development Among Asian-American College
Students”
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

16. Gender Specific Resources
• American Association of University Women. (1991).
Shortchanging girls, shortchanging America.
Washington, DC: AAUW.
• Borysenko, J. (1997). A woman's book of life : The biology,
psychology, and spirituality of the feminine life cycle.
New York: Putnam Publishing Group.
• Covey, S., Merrill, A. R., & Merrill, R. (1994). First Things
First: To live, to love, to learn, to leave a legacy. New
York: Simon & Schuster.
• Dale, M. (1995). Body and self : An exploration of early
female development. New York: Jason Aronson.
• Huitt, W. (1997). Recommended books related to the
growth, development, and socialization of girls and
women. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University.
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

17. Presenter Information
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee
6th Faculty and
Professional Outreach
Seattle Girls’ School
2706 S Jackson Street
Seattle WA 98144
(206) 709-2228 x 1620
rlee@seattlegirlsschool.org
http://tiny.cc/rosettalee
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)