How do we learn about our various group identities like female, African American, Buddhist, homosexual, middle class, etc.? From whom do we learn the meaning of these terms? What messages have we internalized about ourselves and others? What are the differences that result in one person having a healthy self identity and another person experiencing own-group shame and hatred? Learn how we can co-author the identity development of youth to progress toward positive success for all.

1. I Learned Who I Was When…
Identity Development
The Orchard School
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee
Seattle Girls’ School
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

2. About Seattle Girls’ School
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

3. Agenda
 Identity Development
 Exercise: Up-Downs
 Break
 Theory: Models of Identity Development
 Exercise: Theories and My Life
 Break
 Theory: Developmental Model of
Intercultural Sensitivity
 So What, Now What?
 Resources
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

4. Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

5. Identity Development
 What is it?
 What are the
various dimensions
of identity?
 Why identity
development?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

6. Dimensions of Identity and Culture
This model of identifiers and culture was created by Karen Bradberry and Johnnie Foreman for NAIS Summer Diversity Institute,
adapted from Loden and Rosener’s Workforce America! (1991) and from Diverse Teams at Work, Gardenswartz & Rowe (SHRM 2003).
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

7. Exercise: Up-Downs
• Stand proudly for your group
• Stand for as many groups
within one category
as applies to you
• If you are not standing,
cheer and applaud
the people who are
National Coalition Building Institute, Seattle Chapter, “Building Bridges Workshop,” Adapted by Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

8. Debrief: Up-Downs
How did it feel to
stand and claim your
identities and
experiences? To be
applauded for them?
To applaud others for
their identities and
their experiences?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

9. Break
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

10. Racial, Ethnic, LGB Identity
Development Models
• All Models Have
Some Value
• All Models Have
Some Limitations
• Models Can Extend
Beyond Cultural
Identifiers Used
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

11. Exercise:
Theories Jigsaw
Please form groups of 4. Each
person chooses a different
identity development theory,
ideally one that holds personal
significance for you. Read the
theory summary and ask the
facilitator any questions you
have about it.
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

12. Exercise:
Theories Jigsaw
Please take turns sharing
highlights and
understandings from the
theory you read. Do these
theories resonate with your
own experience?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

13. Identity and Cultural Inclusion
 Identity Frames
 Intractability
 Positive and Negative Encounters
 Identity Socialization
 Co-Authorship of Identity
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

14. R.T. Carter’s Model:
Racial Identity and
Social Interactions
 Parallel
 Regressive
 Crossed
 Progressive
 Symbiotic
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

15. Effect of Varying Identifications
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

16. Orientations Toward Ethnic Identity
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

17. Developmental Model of Intercultural
Sensitivity (DMIS) Schematic
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

18. So What? Now What?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

19. Self Assessment
and Goal Setting
 What did you learn today
that was new, helpful, or
thought provoking?
 What are some goals or
strategies you would like to
apply in the classroom or
in your life?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

20. Presenter Information
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee
6th Faculty and
Professional Outreach
Seattle Girls’ School
2706 S Jackson Street
Seattle WA 98144
(206) 805-6562
rlee@seattlegirlsschool.org
http://tiny.cc/rosettalee
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

21. Identity Resources
• Carlos H. Arce, “A Reconsideration of Chicano Culture
and Identity”
• Atkinson, Morten, & Sue, “Racial/Cultural Identity
Development Model (R/CID)”
• Mindy Bingham and Sandy Stryker, “Socioemotional
Development for Girls”
• Vivienne Cass, “Homosexual identity formation: Testing a
theoretical model”
• William Cross, Shades of Black: Diversity in African
American Identity”
• Anthony D’Augelli, “ Identity development and sexual
orientation: Toward a model of lesbian, gay, and
bisexual development”
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

22. Identity Resources
• Erik Erikson, “Eight Stages of Man”
• J. E. Helms, Various Publications on Racial and Ethnic
Identity Development
• Jean Kim, “Processes of Asian American Identity
Development”
• James Maricia, “Four Ego and Identity Statuses”
• Suzanne Kobasa Ouellette, “The Three C’s of Hardiness”
• Jean S. Phinney, “Ethnic Identity in Adolescents and
Adults: Review of the Research”
• Ponterotto & Pederso, Preventing Prejudice
• Maria P. P. Root, Various Works on Multiracial Identity
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

23. Identity Resources
• Patricia Romney, Karlene Ferron, and Jennifer Hill,
“Measuring the Success of Diversity Directors in
Independent Schools”
• Pedro Ruiz, “Latino/a Identity Development Model”
• Chalmer E. Thompson and Robert T. Carter, Racial
Identity Theory
• Alex Wilson, “How We Find Ourselves: Identity
Development and Two Spirit People”
• Christine J. Yeh, “The Collectivistic Nature of Identity
Development Among Asian-American College
Students”
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)

24. Miscellaneous Resources
• Karen Bradberry and Johnnie Foreman, “Privilege and
Power,” Summer Diversity Institute, National Association
of Independent Schools, 2009
• Po Bronson and Ashley Merryman, Nurture Shock
• Kevin Jennings, GLSEN (Gay Lesbian and Straight Education
Network) www.glsen.org
• Allan G. Johnson, Privilege, Power, and Difference
• Johnnie McKinley, “Leveling the Playing Field and Raising
African American Students’ Achievement in Twenty-nine
Urban Classrooms,” New Horizons for Learning,
http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/differentiated/
mckinley.htm
Michael J Nakkula and Eric Toshalis, Understanding Youth.
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)