This document summarizes the components and operation of a hydraulic braking system, including an anti-lock braking system (ABS). It describes the main components of a hydraulic brake system such as the master cylinder, brake lines, wheel cylinder, and how they work together. It then provides details on additional components like the wheel disc, caliper, and the manufacturing processes for the master cylinder. Finally, it explains how ABS uses wheel speed sensors and computer control to prevent wheel lockup during hard braking, allowing the driver to steer while braking heavily.

1. Project By:
PC Mubashar Sharif
GC Hafiz M Mudassir Bhatti
PC Sajid Ali
NS Asad Ali Janjua

2. Hydraulic System
Power derived from motion and pressure of a
particular liquid such as water or oil.
 fluid should be incompressible.

3. Applications of Hydraulic
system
Aerospace Industry
Automotive Industry
Machine Tool Industry
Steel Mill Industry
Ocean Freight Dock Transfer
Equipment

4. Braking System

6. COMPONENTS OF HYDRAULIC BRAKE
 PUSH ROD
 MASTER CYLINDER
 BRAKE LINES
 WHEEL CYLINDER
• Wheel disc
• Caliper

7. Master cylinder
Push rod
caliper
Brake lines Wheel disc

8. MASTER CYLINDER
CAST IRON
PROCESS INVOLVED
 Sand Casting
 Machining
 Internal Threading
 Finishing
 Installation of metering valves
 Installation of gasket.

10. TOP VIEW

11. RIGHT SIDE VIEW

12. FRONT VIEW

13. WHEEL DISC
STAINLESS STEEL
DIE FORGING
MACHINING
• Drilling
• Boring
• Threading
• Fine Finishing

16. FRONT VIEW

17. CALIPER
Aluminium and Chrome coated steel.
Consist of Pistons, Cylinders and Pad shoes.
Pad shoes of rubbers or high wearing resistance
material.
Process involved
 Casting or Forging
 Machining
 Finishing

19. LEFT SIDE VIEW

20. TOP VIEW

21. FRONT VIEW

22. ANTI-LOCK BRAKES
 ABS, (Anti-Lock brake system)
 ABS allows the driver to maintain steering control of
the vehicle while in hard braking situations .
 Computerized ABS is designed to keep the wheels
from locking as the brakes are applied.
 A locked wheel provides very little or no directional
control

23. Vehicle ABS System
 Speed Sensors on
Wheels are
Monitored by On
Board Computer
 Radical Speed
Differences Trigger
ABS Action
 ABS “Pumps” the
Brakes 18 Times per
Second
Anti-Lock Braking Systems 23

24.  Road Surface
 Weather Conditions
 Tire Tread and Inflation
 Braking Techniques
 Speed
 Steering Inputs
T – 9.9
Critical Tire Traction Depends On:

25. Vehicle ABS System
 ABS Systems
“Counter-Intuitive”
Operations
 Grinding Sounds from
All Wheels
 Pulsating or Soft
Brake Pedal
 Driver Can Still Steer
(with Reduced Effect)
Anti-Lock Braking Systems 25

26. ANTI-LOCK BRAKES
 The best braking action occurs at between 10-20%.
 If vehicle speed and wheel speed is the same wheel
slippage is 0%
 A lock-up wheel will have a wheel slippage of 100%

27. Vehicle Systems — ABS Brake System
 Enhanced Braking Action
 Reduced Stopping Distance
 Increased Vehicle Stability
 Enhanced Vehicle Steerability
ABS Advantages
Braking and Steering
Braking
ONLY
In many emergency
situations braking
alone may not prevent
a collision.

28. Any Questions?
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