Setting Standards for Sustainable Tourism: An analysis of US tourism certification programs

Lisa Poser Master of Environmental Management Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Setting Standards for Sustainable Tourism An analysis of US tourism certification programs

Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion

Sustainable Tourism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion Source: Bien, 2004

Tourism Certification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: Rainforest Alliance, ESTC 2008 Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion

Tourism Certification Tourism Market Tourism Business 1 Certification Program Auditor Accreditation Body Tourism Business 2 Tourism Business 3 1. Criteria Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion 2. Assessment 3. Certification 4. Recognition 5. Acceptance Adapted from Font, 2002 & Sanabria ESTC ppt . Sustainable Tourism Stewardship Council (STSC)

Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Core Research Questions Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion

US Tourism Certification Programs Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Adventure Green Alaska ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion http://www.oars.com/images/alaska/main_alaska.jpg Launched 2008 9 certified businesses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Travel Green Wisconsin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://www.travelmuse.com/articles/wisconsin-dells/dells-family-activities Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion Launched 2007 208 certified businesses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Virginia Green Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Launched 2006 413 certified businesses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Florida Green Lodging http://coconutpoint.hyatt.com/hyatt/images/hotels/naprn/signature.jpg Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion Launched 2004 419 certified businesses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion

Best Practice Standards Analysis Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion 2 nd party No, self-eval No, self-eval No, self-eval. Third-party audits 71% 47% 82% 88% % of standards fulfilled (17 standards total)  No   Motivation for continual improvement   No  Provide technical assistance Difficult to do Not really Most likely  Establish control of seal/logo in terms of appropriate use FL VA WI AK Best Practice Standards

Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria (GSTC) Analysis Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion (10) (9) (4) (9) (5)

Recommendations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion

The Future of Tourism Certification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Background – Research Question – Methods – Results – Discussion

Acknowledgements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Setting Standards for Sustainable Tourism: An analysis of US tourism certification programs

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