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「⽅方法」 
Mark Cerny 
Cerny Games, Inc. 
翻译/Sorma 
保留PPT设计之原汁原味,虽然有点丑。
「⽅方法」 
1. 预制作 vs. 制作 
2. 「可发布的」初步可玩版 
3. 宏观设计 vs 微观设计 
4. 玩法测试
⽅方法之⼀一 
预制作 vs. 制作 
「捕获灵光」 
! 
预制作 
「制造游戏」 
制作
鶴䙼⛓♧雦ⴢ雿 
չ⡹⴯鸣康䧬涸鵂玐僽〳⟄ 
雦ⴢワ霫ծ䱗ⴀ傞ꢂ邍 
涸կպ
预制作: 
管理混沌 
• 组成核⼼心团队 
• 连续创造原型 
• 原型转化为游戏关卡之类
鶴䙼⛓✳佪桧雿 
չ넞佪䊨⡲㽠僽♶⚗䒙⟣⡦ 
ⰻ㺂կպ
预制作 
• 你不是在做游戏 
• 你是在做游戏设计 
▪ 3C:⼈人物、镜头、操作 
▪ 「第⼀一眼」(”look”,详⻅见演讲正⽂文) 
▪ 关键技术 
▪ 整体性设计(如果适⽤用)
预制作 
• 多多冒险 
• 制作时不考虑固定动作 
• 制作时不考虑技术限制 
• 制作时不考虑内容的语境 
• 等等……
鶴䙼⛓♲䪮助雿 
չ㼺畮䪮助䖎ꅾ銳䨾⟄⯓ 
䪾䪮助䵆ⴀ勻կպ
技术标准实践 
创建设计⽂文档 
↓ 
创建「所需技术」⽂文档 
↓ 
做出技术 
↓ 
做游戏
两条腿⾛走路! 
• 造、借、买来「⼜又快⼜又脏」的技术,⾼高速制作原 
型。 
• 为游戏本体研究「尖端技术」
鶴䙼⛓㔋ꅽ玐烵 
չ㹁劍SFWJFX고湡僽䵆㥩盗 
椚涸㛇炄կպ
预制作与⾥里程碑 
• 预制作中的团队要处于「离线」状态 
• 谈好预制作周期 
• 产出严格限定: 
▪ 初步可玩版 
▪ 宏观设计 
• 试验的结果外部可⻅见 
• 没有「失败的⽓气息」
预制作后的产出 
• 「可发布的」初步可玩版 
• 宏观游戏设计
鶴䙼⛓❀ 
չ"MQIB晜ⴲ姿〳梖晜պ
⽅方法之⼆二 
初步可玩版 
总览 
• 两个关卡 
• 所有局部功能,适当的全局功能 
• 可发布的质量
初步可玩版检查单 
两个质量达到可发布的关卡,包括: 
__ 玩家⾏行为定义完全__ 基本技术完成 
__ 敌⼈人、障碍⾏行为定义完全__ 美术指导到位 
__ 包括所有局部功能, 
以及所有必须的全局功能。 
__ 有那么⼀一些变化 
! __ 游戏规模已确认
鶴䙼⛓Ⱉ勄娥康䧬雿 
չ》嶊涸고湡霹僈♶僽㗁盗 
椚㽠僽㗁㔙ꢭկպ
取消项⺫⽬目 
• 团队建造不出「可发布的」初步可玩版 
• 初步可玩版显⽰示不值得发布 
• 你的项⺫⽬目绝壁不会在制作过程中神奇地变⽜牛逼!
⽅方法之三 
宏观设计 vs. 微观设计 
• 正式制作前把握宏观设计 
• 制作中创造微观设计
鶴䙼⛓♫霃雦俒咓雿 
չⴲ晜俒咓㹁⛐ 
馊霫絈馊㥩կպ
鶴䙼⛓♫霃雦俒咓雿 
չ䧮⟌涸康䧬 
俒咓銳ⱗ곜պ
为什么别写100⻚页的设计⽂文档? 
• 浪费资源 
• 欺骗、误导作⽤用 
• 还没验证基础,就确定了⽅方向
⽅方法之三 
宏观设计 vs. 微观设计 
宏观设计 
__ 5 ⻚页纸 
__ ⼈人物和基本动作 
__ 特殊机制 
__ 关卡结构、尺⼨寸、数量 
__ 关卡内容 
__ 贯穿⾸首尾的结构——线性、分⽀支 
__ 宏观表
宏观表 
地点 关卡结构特殊机制关卡进⼊入条件关卡投放 
1 丛林3-D 蛋 
2 ⽕火⼭山3-D 跑岩浆蛋 
3 雪地2-D 冰(教学) 蛋 
4 沙漠3-D 骑摩托1 个蛋蛋 
5 地点 A 2-D - 2 个蛋蛋 
6 雪地2-D 冰4 个蛋钥匙 
7 地点 B BOSS - 钥匙打开第⼆二分⽀支
宏观设计的好处 
• 可以准确为制作过程排期 
• 可以在制作中追踪进度 
• 防⽌止需求膨胀或遗漏需求 
• 为创意画好边界
[额外宏观设计] 
• 故事梗概 
• 概念美术 
• 获取能⼒力和道具 
(仅限前后联系的游戏)
微观设计 
微观设计 
• 脚本 
• 关卡地图 
• 敌⼈人描述与能⼒力 
• 谜题描述 
• 特殊玩法描述 
• 族繁不及备载
鶴䙼⛓Ⱃ嶊餩罏 
չ䟝銳⨞ⴀ㣐⡲ 
㽠銳ゑ嶊餩罏涸կպ
访谈测试(focus test)告诉你的东⻄西 
• ⼗十分钟之前什么最时髦 
• 怎样不出众 
• 最近所有游戏⾥里还不错的功能列表
玩法测试(gameplay test) 
• 两到五分钟 
• 观察他们的⾏行为 
• 量化分析
做好准备 
• 资⾦金基于预制作⽀支出 
• 初步可玩版出来后再进⾏行 
• 最好的、最聪明的⼈人员 
• 预制作过程中的扫除 
• 制作如常进⾏行
SETTING IT UP 
• 取消的情况… 
• 发⾏行商有IP,但不能承担另开团队 
• 开发商可以⾄至当时为⽌止的代价购买IP
开发的⻛风险 
• 缺乏全程的发⾏行商投⼊入 
• 预制作过程中没有全团队全职 
• 对发⾏行商的透明程度不合适
发⾏行的⻛风险 
• 只有模糊的发布⽇日期就开始项⺫⽬目 
• 预制作很贵 
• 没有⾥里程碑=没压⼒力?
发⾏行商的好处 
• 开始项⺫⽬目的⽀支出较少 
• 紧密的开发-发⾏行关系 
• 精准的制作时间表和预算
特别问题: 
• Q:你对MMO游戏制作有什么经验或建议?这种游 
戏初步可玩版就要1000个⼈人来玩…… 
• A:哇,怎么办呀! 
我们也必须找到⽅方法来做,现在(2002年)的游戏成 
本也突破千万美元,更不要提莎⽊木或者最终幻想那 
种; 
我们最有效的⼯工具还是「制作⼀一⼩小部分」,然后看 
是不是值得做下去。
谢谢

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Cerny Method 中文版