This document outlines the scheme of study and examination for the 5th semester of the Bachelor of Engineering program in Electronics and Communication Engineering under the 2006 scheme at University Visweswariah College of Engineering in Bangalore. It includes: 1. A list of 8 subjects to be taken in the 5th semester, along with the course code, number of hours per week, duration of exams, sessional marks and exam marks for both theory and practical components. 2. The syllabus for the Probability and Stochastic Processes course, outlining 10 topics to be covered along with reference books. 3. Details of the format and content but not the full text of the document. It provides an overview

1. UNIVERSITY VISWESWARAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
V semester Electronics & Communication Engineering.
BANGALORE UNIVERSITY
UVCE, BANGALORE-1
SCHEME OF STUDY AND EXAMINATION FOR V SEMESTER B.E.
(EC) UNDER 2K6 SCHEME.
Sl.
No.
Code Subject
No of Hrs/Wk Duration of Exam.
Sessional
marks
Exam
marks
Total
Marks
Theory /
Tutorial
Practical Theory Practical
1 EC501
PROBABILITY AND
STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
3+1 3 25 100 125
2 EC502 CONTROL ENGINEERING 3+1 3 25 100 125
3 EC503
DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN
USING HDLs
3+1 3 25 100 125
4 EC504 MICROPROCESSORS 3+1 3 25 100 125
5 EC505
DIGITAL SIGNA
PROCESSING
3+1 3 25 100 125
6 EC506 ANALOG COMMUNICATION 3+1 3 25 100 125
7 EC507 MICROPROCESSORS LAB 3 3 25 100 125
8 EC508 CIRCUIT SIMULATION LAB 3 3 25 100 125
TOTAL 200 800 1000
Syllabus 2K6 scheme 1 of 10

2. UNIVERSITY VISWESWARAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
V semester Electronics & Communication Engineering.
Subject Code: EC501
PROBABILITY AND STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
PART-A
1) Review of probability theory.
Review of axiomatic approach to probability, random experiment, sample space, events.
Set theory, axioms of probability, and properties of probability.
Conditional probability: Definition and properties, product rule.
Independent events: Definition and properties.
Total probability theorem and Bayes’ theorem.
2) Random variable theory.
Random variable: definition and meaning of events generated by random variable.
The probability (Cumulative) distribution function (CDF): Definition and properties.
Classification of random variables: discrete and continuous random variables.
Probability density (pdf) and mass function (pmf): definition and properties. Conditional distributions.
3) Functions of one random variable.
Meaning of Y=g(X), distribution function of Y=f(X), density function of Y=g(X) and fundamental theorem.
Definition and properties of mean, variance, moment generating function and characteristic function of a
random variable, moments of a random variable, Chebyshev inequality.
Definition of mean of Y=g(X).
4) Some examples of discrete and continuous distributions. Discrete distributions: Binomial. Poisson and geometric
distributions. Continuous distributions: Uniform, exponential, Gaussian, Rayleigh and Weibull distributions.
Properties, Mean, variance and moment generating function of above distributions.
5) Multivariate random variables, two random variables.
Definition and properties of joint distribution and joint density functions, independence of two random variables,
sum of two independent random variables.
Joint moments and central moments, mean of random variable Z=g(X, Y), Definition and properties of
covariance and correlation coefficient of two random variables and joint characteristic function.
Sequence of random variables. (Only for reading purpose).
Multivariate distribution and density functions, independence of ‘n’ random variables, iid random variables, mean
of ‘n’ random variables, covariance and correlation matrix of ‘n’ random variables, central limit theorem.
Syllabus 2K6 scheme 2 of 10

3. UNIVERSITY VISWESWARAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
V semester Electronics & Communication Engineering.
PART-B
6) Reliability theory.
Definition and properties of reliability, failure, failure rate, meantime to failure (MTTF), mean time between
failures.
Failure models: normal failure law, exponential failure law and the Weibull failure law.
System configurations in reliability: series, parallel and standby redundancy.
7) Introduction to stochastic processes.
Concept of stochastic processes, classification of stochastic processes, Deterministic and nondeterministic
processes.
Methods of description: joint distribution. Analytical description. Average values( mean, autocorrelation. Cross
covariance coefficient).
Two or more processes: Joint distribution, cross-correlation, cross covariance and cross correlation coefficient.
Uncorrelated, orthogonal and independent stochastic processes.
Special classes of stochastic processes: Poisson, Weiner, Random telegraph and Random binary processes.
8) Concept of stationary processes, first order stationary, second order stationary and wide stationary, and N-order
stationary and strict sense stationary processes.
Autocorrelation and power spectral density function of WSS processes.
Definition and properties of power spectral density and cross power spectral density of a WSS processes.
Time averages and Ergodicity.
9) Special classes of random processes.
Introduction to Gaussian process and its properties, Band pass Gaussian process, Introduction Markova
sequences and processes and their properties Gauss-Markov process.
10) Response of linear system to random inputs. Linear system fundamentals, discrete time and continuous time
systems, mean and auto correlation of the output, distribution functions, stationarity of the output, and
correlation and power spectral density of the output for both discrete and continuous time systems.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
i. Probability, random variables and random signal principles, by Peyton Peebles Jr.
ii. Random signals – Detection, Estimation and Data analysis by K. Sam Shanmugam and
Breipohl.
iii. Principles of Digital communication by Das, Mullick and Chatterjee.
iv. Probability – Random variables and stochastic process by A. Papulis.
v. Probability Information and coding theory by P S Sathyanarayana.
vi. Reliability and Maintainability by Charles E Ebeling.
Syllabus 2K6 scheme 3 of 10

4. UNIVERSITY VISWESWARAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
V semester Electronics & Communication Engineering.
Subject Code: EC502
CONTROL ENGINEERING
PART-A
1) Introduction: Open loop and closed loop systems-comparison.
Concepts of liner-nonlinear, time invariant-time invariant, continuous data and discrete data control systems.
2) Mathematical models of linear systems: Mechanical and electrical systems - analogous systems.
3) Methods of analysis: Block diagrams and block reduction techniques, signal flow graph methods - Manson’s gain
formula.
4) Time response analysis: Transfer function and impulse response – dependence on pole locations, dominant pole
concept, equation and order of the systems.
Step response of first order and second order systems, time domain specifications and evaluation for second
order systems.
Steady state analysis - static error constants-error series and dynamic error coefficients.
5) Frequency response analysis: General nature, frequency domain specifications, evaluation for second order
systems and M & N circles, Nichol’s charts and its applications.
PART-B
6) Stability studies: R-H criterion and its limitations. Root locus method - sketching procedure and interpretations.
Nyquist criterion and Relative stability - Gain and phase margins from polar plots, Bole plots and relative
stability.
Time domain for domain specifications and correlation.
7) Introduction to design: Lead and lag compensation.
Design of simple compensation using Bode plots only.
8) Modern control theory: Concepts of stats, state variables and state model.
Obtaining state model of differential equations and transfer functions.
Phase variables canonical form and Lure’s (Diagonal) canonical forms Jordan form or LTI, SISO systems. State
transition matrix and its properties-solution of state equations. Concepts of controllability and observability.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
i. Control System engineering by Nagarath and Gopal.
ii. Modern control engineering by Ogata.
iii. Control systems theory by Sushil Das Gupta.
iv. Concept of control systems by P S Satyanarayana
Syllabus 2K6 scheme 4 of 10

5. UNIVERSITY VISWESWARAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
V semester Electronics & Communication Engineering.
Subject Code: EC503
DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN USING HDLs
PART-A
1) Introduction: Digital design. Analog v/s digital. Digital devices. Electronics aspects of digital design.
Software aspect of digital design ICs, PLDs, ASICs, PCBs. Digital design levels.
The real world of design.
2) Hardware description language: introduction to HDL.
Different HDLS, VHDL basics.
Historical overview.
VHDL description of combinational networks. Modelling of flip-flops, variables, signals, constants and arrays,
data types and operators, functions and procedures, packages and libraries.
Compilation and simulation VHDL codes.
Brief introduction to Verilog.
3) Design of arithmetic operating units: design of a serial adder, state graphs for control networks.
Design of a binary multiplier, Multiplication of signed binary numbers, design of a binary divider.
4) Floating Point Arithmetic: Floating point numbers, floating point multiplications, other floating point operations
PART-B
5) Digital design with SM charts: State machines.
Moore and Mealy type machines.
SM Charts.
Derivations and realisation of SM charts.
Example of a DICE game.
Microprogramming, linked state machines.
6) Digital Design Of Sequential Circuits: Modelling of sequential circuits and writing the VHDL code, Examples of
counters, shift registers and sequence generators.
7) VHDL models for memories ad buses: Static RAM, Simplifies 486 bus model.
Interfacing memory to microprocessor.
Some design examples (UART, CODE Generator, Filer etc).
8) Programmable Logic devices: ROMs, PLAs, PALs and PLDs. FPGAs.
Brief explanation of these devices with an example each.
Designing of digital systems using theses devices with the help of VHDL.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
 Digital system design using VHDL by Charles H Roth Jr.
 VHDL primer by J. Bhaskar
 Digital design principles and practices by John F. Wakerly.
Syllabus 2K6 scheme 5 of 10

6. UNIVERSITY VISWESWARAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
V semester Electronics & Communication Engineering.
Subject Code: EC504
MICROPROCESSORS
PART-A
1) Introduction to 8 bit 8085 microprocessor:
Architecture and addressing modes – instruction set, memory and I/O interface.
Sample Programs.
2) Architecture and addressing modes of advanced microprocessors:
introduction, architecture and addressing modes of8086 and 80386 microprocessors.
3) Assembly language of 8086 microprocessor:
Data movement instructions, arithmetic and logical instructions, program control instructions, pseudo instruction
/ assembler directives and programming methodologies and examples.
PART-B
4) Hardware specification:
Pin outs and pin functions of 8086, clock generator, bus buffering and latching, bus timing, ready and wait state,
minimum and maximum mode, virtual 8086 mode of 80386.
5) Interfacing of input and output devices:
8255 (PPI) and its applications, BSR mode and I/O mode operations. Interrupts of 8086, 8259A (PIC)
Programmable interrupt controller, 8253/8254 programmable time /counter, various modes of operation and
their applications.
6) DMA controller 8272A floppy disk controller, serial data transmission methods and standards, RS-232C serial
data standard, 8251A programmable serial communication interface, memory interfacing, microprocessors
development system, ICE.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
 The Intel microprocessor: Architecture, programming and interfacing by Brey B B
 Microprocessor Architecture and Programming by Gaonkar.
 Microcomputer systems by YU Chenk Liu and Glenn A GIBBSON.
 Microprocessors and interfacing by Douglas V Hall.
 Advanced Microprocessors and peripherals by A K Ray
 Advanced Microprocessors and interfacing by Badri Ram
Syllabus 2K6 scheme 6 of 10

7. UNIVERSITY VISWESWARAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
V semester Electronics & Communication Engineering.
Subject Code: EC505
DIGITAL SIGNL PROCESSING
PART-A
1. Introduction:
Fourier Transform, Z-Transforms, Frequency domain sampling, DFT as Linear Transformations. Relationship
of DFT to other Transformation, frequency analysis of signals using DFT.
2. Computation of DFT:
Direct computation of DFT, introduction to FFT, FFT algorithms, Decimation in Time FFT algorithms,
Decimation in frequency FT algorithms, FFT algorithm for composite number – Chirp Z Transformation.
3. Digital filter structures:
IIR Filer structures: Direct form I & II, Cascade, parallel and Ladder type realization.
FIR filter structures: Direct form I & II Linear Phase FIR structure.
4. IIE Filter Design:
IIR Filter design by approximation of derivatives, IIR filter design by impulse invariance, IIR filter design by
Bilinear Transformation, Transformation of basic low pass filter.
PART-B
5. FIR Filter Design:
Characteristics of FIR digital filters.
Different types of windows: Rectangular, Barlett, Hamming, Blackman and Kaiser Window, condition for FIR
filter to have Linear Phase, symmetric and anti-symmetric.
Design of FIR filters using Windows: Design of FIR filters by frequency sampling method, Design of Equiripple
FIR Filters, Comparison of IIR & FIR filters.
6. Multirate Digital Signal processing
The basic sample rate alterations – decimators and interpolators, filter in sampling rate alteration. Multistage
design of decimators and interpolators.
7. Digital signal processors (DSP’s)
Architecture and features of TMS 320CXX, DSP Processor. Addressing modes. Instruction set applications.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
 Digital Signal Processing by Terrel and LK Kwan.
 Discrete Time Signal Processing by Oppenheim and R W Schafer.
 Digital Signal Processing by Sanjeev K Mitra
 Digital Signal Processing by Prokis and Monolokis
 Application of DSP by Oppenhein and Schafer
 Digital Signal Processing by Padmanabhan
 Digital Signal Processing Using MATLAB by Ingle and Proakis.
 Digital Signal Processing by S. Salivahanan et. Al
Syllabus 2K6 scheme 7 of 10

8. UNIVERSITY VISWESWARAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
V semester Electronics & Communication Engineering.
Subject Code: EC506
ANALOG COMMUNICATION
PART-A
1. Introduction, definition of terms, block diagram of communication system,
communication sources of information, channel, noise.
Noise: Internal Noise-thermal noise, shot noise.
External noise sources, white noise, narrow band noise, signal to noise ratio (SNR). Noise equivalent
bandwidth, noise figure, noise figure of cascaded systems, Mathematical representation of noise, noise
temperature.
2. Amplitude modulation, Frequency translation, Full AM, Time domain and Frequency domain represented of
AM signals.
Generation of AM wave: Square law modulator, switching modulator, power in AM wave, Spectrum of AM
wave.
Detection of AM waves: Rectifier detector, square law detector, envelop detector, distortion in envelope
detectors.
3. Double side band suppress carrier systems, Time domain and frequency domain representation, spectrum of
DSB.
Generation of DSB-SC waves: Ring modulator, balanced modulators.
Coherent detection of DSB-SC signal, effect of phase & frequency errors in coherent detection, coastas
receiver, Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).
4. Single Side Band (SSB) system.
Hilbert transform and its properties, time domain and frequency domain description of SSB,
spectrum of SSB waves, Phase shift method of generator of SSB, filter method of generation of SSB, Coherent
method of demodulation of SSB signals, vestigial side band transmission (VSB).
Envelope detection of VSB signal, Frequency division multiplexing (FDM).
Comparison of various AM systems.
PART-B
5. Angle modulation systems, Basic definition, FM & PM, inter relation between DM and PM.
Narrow band (NBFM), Spectrum of NBFM, Bandwidth of NBFM.
Wideband FM (WBFM) analysis, Spectrum of NBFM form tone modulation. Bandwidth
determination by using Bessel’s co-efficient, bandwidth by Carson’s Rule.
Generation of FM waves: Indirect method (Phase discrimination method for WBFM generation with and
example).
Direct method of WBFM generation.
Syllabus 2K6 scheme 8 of 10

9. UNIVERSITY VISWESWARAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
V semester Electronics & Communication Engineering.
Demodulation of FM waves: Basic principle, slope detector, Foster Seely discriminator, PLL for demodulation
of FM.
6. Noise in GW modulation systems:
Introduction, receiver models, figure of merit (FOM), Noise in AM receivers, threshold effect,
Noise in DSB-SC receivers(coherent), Noise in SSB receivers (coherent),
Noise in FM receivers, Pre-emphasis in FM, Comparison of Noise performance of various CW modulated
systems.
7. AM & FM systems:
AM transmitter-High level and low level modulation systems,
Receivers- Super heterodyne receivers, receiver characteristics, FM transmitter and receiver, stereo AFC in
FM.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
i. Communication System by simon Hykin.
ii. Modern Digital and Analog Communications by B P Lathi.
iii. Communications Systems by Bruce Carlson.
iv. Analog and Digital Communication Systems by Martin S. Roden.
v. Communication Electronics by Frenzel.
Syllabus 2K6 scheme 9 of 10

10. UNIVERSITY VISWESWARAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
V semester Electronics & Communication Engineering.
Subject Code: EC507
MICROPROCESSORS LAB
(Using 8085 systems)
1. Block movement of data (8085 µP only).
2. Arithmetic operations and logical operations on binary and BCD nos.
Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, LCM, HCF, marking specific bit/bits of a given byte and
2-out of 5 code (Using 8085 and 8086 µPs) (For Packed and unpacked Nos.).
3. Finding the largest number in a given set of data (8085).
4. Ascending order arrangement of a set of Data Bytes – Bubble sort and selection sort, Linear Search
(8085 & 8086)
5. Code conversion (8085).
6. Concatenation of the input string with a defined string (8086).
7. Reversal of a data string (8086).
8. Palindrome of a binary data (8085 & 8086).
9. Data Acquisition: A/D conversion and string of data (8085).
10. D/A conversion generating waveform (8085).
11. Stepper motor control (8085)
12. CRT interface (8085).
13. Keyboards and Display interface - software approach and hardware approach (8279 chip)
14. Interfacing experiments using 8085 µP only.
Subject Code: EC508
CIRCUIT SIMULATION LAB
I. Using p-spice or equivalent simulation software
1. Power supply design: series voltage regulator (with pre-amplifier).
2. Switching regulator.
3. Feedback amplifier: Voltage series, current series.
4. Filters: active filters (second order).
5. Combinational circuits: Mux & its application, adders and its applications, Demux/Decoder, Encoders.
6. Design of counters / shift registers and their applications.
7. Experiments with 555 timer (Astable, monostable).
8. D/A and A/D Converters.
9. FSK generation.
II. Using Model Sim (Up to synthesis and functional simulation)
a. Modeling of gates, HA, FA, MUX using
i. Structural
ii. Behavioral
iii. Data flow model
b. Modeling of latches and flip-flops
i. D Flip-flop
ii. SR Flip-flop
iii. JK Flip-flop
iv. T Flip-flop
Syllabus 2K6 scheme 10 of 10