Urban land use planning is essential for managing land resources and guiding development in cities. It determines how land can be used through comprehensive plans and zoning ordinances. Land use decisions are shaped by physical, social, economic factors and stakeholder motives. Urbanization and population growth require optimizing land use to promote public welfare. Effective planning encourages suitable development and restrains misuse while allowing for changing needs over time.
5. 5
Sustainable
City
Is healthier
Is higher in
status
Is more fun
Is more
resilient
Lures people
together
Rewards
efficient
choices
Ensures good
choice is
happy choice
Montgomery (2013)
6. Urban Land Use Planning
• “The proper management of land resources so
that it continually benefits public interest and
general welfare1” in the urban setting
1 Serote, E. (2004)
6
7. Urban Land Use Planning
• The key intervention tool of the State (and its
sub-units) towards managing land resources in
the urban setting
7
10. Determinants of Land Use Decisions
Physical
Factors
Social Factors
Economic
Factors
Characteristics
and Motives of
Stakeholders
Land Use
Decisions
Serote (2004)
10
11. Highest and best use
Using land in a manner that provides
an optimum return to its operator or
to society
11
12. Irreversible Land Use Conversions
Changing the character of land to such
a degree that reversal becomes
impractical, if not impossible
12
15. Urbanized Area
•a continuous built-up landscape defined
by building and population densities
Urbanization
•the change of status of a populated area
from rural to urban
15
22. Determinants of Land Use Decisions
Physical
Factors
Social Factors
Economic
Factors
Characteristics
and Motives of
Stakeholders
Land Use
Decisions
Serote (2004)
25
23. Comprehensive Land Use Plan
“Rational approach of allocating available
resources as equitably as possible among
competing user groups and for different
functions consistent with the
development plan of the area
RA 7279
26
25. Zoning
The division of a city/municipality
according to present and potential
uses of land to maximize, regulate and
direct their use and development
HLURB (2013)
28
27. Zoning Ordinance
A legal document enacted by the local
government unit that embodies
regulations on the allowed uses in
each city/municipality zone
HLURB (2013)
30
28. Benefits of Land Use Zoning
• Optimal use of land
• Promotion of public health and safety
through compatible arrangement
• Preservation of desirable character and
real estate values
• Promotion of rational and orderly growth
31
32. Structure of Local
Governments in
the Philippines
through RA 7160
National
Government
Province
Municipality
Barangay
Component
City
Barangay
Independent
City
Barangay
Modified from Atienza (2006)
35
33. “The Local Government Units shall
continue to prepare their respective
CLUPs…which shall be the primary and
dominant bases for the future use of land
resources…”
36
Section 20 (c), RA 7160
34. Highest and best use
Using land in a manner that provides
an optimum return to its operator or
to society
37
35. Urban land use planning is especially essential
because of large populations and high activity
concentrations in urban areas.
39
36. 41
Urban land use planning
can
•Provide advantageous guidelines
•Restrain land misuse
•Encourage appropriate uses.
51. 57
Think of your dream residence again?
Is it impossible to be in the Philippines?
Will we see it in the next ten years?
Yes!
Through great execution
of good plans.
52. "The city shapes the way we move;
our movements shape the city in return."
Charles Montgomery, Happy City
58
Editor's Notes
The soul of land-use planning
Public laws and regulations require the basic direction and vision of land use plans
The tools and techniques through which the planning process is informed
Land use planning is an arena of power, influence and responsibility.
LUP is an iterative process. Plan revisions, execution, and administration must be continuous and timely.
Planning is a professional recognition (EnP Law)
What
In 2007, for the first time in history, global urban population exceeded global rural population.
In 2015, 54% of world’s population is urban;
in 2050, the world will be two-thirds urban.
Central Place Theory
Concentric ring critiques:
overemphasized residential patterns and did not give proper credit to other land uses, ignored physical features, took little account of industrial and railway use, and disregarded the effect of radial routes upon land values and uses
Sector model critiques:
Few zones or urban clusters can be said to be homogenous socio-economically.
Many transport routes today are surrounded by low-rent districts
Freeways are today’s major transport routes, yet these did not develop spontaneously but were imposed on existing urban pattern.
Certain activities require highly specialized facilities
Certain activities cluster because they profit from mutual association
Certain activities repel each other and will not be found in the same area
Certain activities could not make a profit if they paid the high rent of the most desirable locations
It is the poor who are moving away from the central city
Observed mostly in least developed countries.
Center is more desirable than suburbs because of lack of an adequate and dependable transportation system
The functions of the city are controlled by the elite and concentrated in the center
Each realm is a separate economic, social and political entity that is linked together to form a larger metro framework.The creator of the theory of urban realms was James E. Vance Jr., and he created it in the 1960’s.Now urban realms have become, so large they even have exurbs, not just suburbs.Exurbs are suburbs that are, so far away from a city they really can’t be called suburbs any more.The model works extremely well wit the San Francisco Bay area, because it is where Vance came up with the model for it.The city this worst applies to is to Phoenix, Arizona, because the city just sprawls, with very bad development, and shows a lot of characteristics of urban sprawl.3. Urban Realms Modela. Vance developed the urban realms model from his observation of the San Francisco Bay area and its sprawling metropolis.b. This model includes independent suburban downtowns as their foci, and yet they are within the sphere of influence of the central city and its metropolitan CBD.c. Each urban realm depends on four factors:i. The overall size of the metropolitan regionii. The amount of economic activity in each urban realmiii. The topography and major land features, which help to identify each realmiv. The internal accessibility of each realm for daily economic functions and travel patterns.d. An urban realm is likely to become self-sufficient if:i. The size of the overall metropolis is largeii. There is a large amount of decentralized economic activity in the regioniii. Topography barriers isolate the suburban regioniv. Good internal accessibility for daily commercial and business travel exists (especially to airport)
Core Frame Model
Medium-sized cities of South east asia
Focal point is colonial ort zone with commercial district
No CBD: elements of CBD are present as separate clusters
What
QC Land Use Plan
Optimized use of land based on, among others, suitability and capability, e.g. use of prime agricultural land for agricultural purposes and high value areas for intense urban developments.
2. Promotion of public health and safety through compatible arrangement of various land uses, e.g. buffering between residential and industrial zones and through standards for environmental protection and conservation.
3. Preservation of desirable character and real estate values of the zone or sub-zone through standards intended to facilitate high quality and appropriate developments.
4. Promotion of the rational and orderly growth of the city/municipality by employing a system that allows the adequate evaluation of development proposals in both public and private lands.