Presentation to Tunisian national genebank

1. The Global Crop Diversity Trust: a Foundation for Food Security

2. What is the Trust ?
 Independent international organization established by FAO
and CGIAR Centres
• Established in October 2004
• Secretariat in Bonn from January 2013
 Endowment to secure long-term funding for global system
• Complementary short-term project funding to overcome
key constraints
 Policy framework of International Treaty on PGRFA
• Element of the funding strategy of the Treaty
• Priority for crops under Annex 1, collections in Article 15
 Governed by Executive Board
• Treaty GB, Donors Council, FAO, CGIAR

3. International collections

4. Goal
“to advance an efficient and sustainable
global system of ex situ conservation by
promoting the rescue, understanding, use
and long-term conservation of valuable
plant genetic resources”

5. Building and sustaining the Global System
Image by:Neil Palmer/CIAT

6. Ex situ conservation
 Over 1,700 facilities
 Holding 7.4m accessions
 Vital resource for breeding

7. Safety duplication
Long-term collection
On-farm
management
Breeding/
Working collection
The “Global System” we have now
Conservation
Use
Distribution

8. Global back-up
Safety duplicate collection
Long-term international collection
National collection
Breeding/Working collection
On-farm management
The “Global System” we need
Conservation
Use

9.  National genebanks have intimate knowledge of indigenous
experience and wisdom, local conditions and needs
• search out, acquire, screen, develop, store and distribute
diversity of particular and current relevance to country
 International genebanks conserve and make available diversity
over the long-term
 Global back-up – Svalbard Global Seed Vault
 Enabling environment – the Treaty
Towards a truly global system

10. www.croptrust.org

11. Trust activities
Regeneration Conservation research Evaluation
Permanent backupDuplicationInformation systems

12. Wheat
 78,375 regenerated
 3,675 put in vitro
 12,255 not viable
Regeneration

13. Safety duplication
 32,917 accessions
 43 countries
117 wheat, 615 barley
Mongolia, Nepal, Belarus & Armenia
365 Chickpea
Georgia & Pakistan
215 faba bean
Georgia & Ecuador
157 grasspea
Nepal & Pakistan
620 lentil
Nepal, Georgia & Pakistan

14. Shipping samples
 7 shipments in
1,340 accessions
destroyed or
returned
 many still in
quarantine

15. 774,601 accessions stored in
Svalbard

16. Phillippine National Genebank
Typhoon Xangsane, 2006

17. Inside the vault

18. Photos International Rice Research Institute (IRRI); Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice). 2009.
 43 projects
 59 collections
 20 crops
 143 traits
 58 NARS
 8 CGIAR
 43 countries
Evaluation

19. Promoting use: Information systems
Image by:Neil Palmer/CIAT

20. Information systems

21. • Online portal to accession-level information on the world’s
genebank holdings
• Initially developed as investment from GCDT, Bioversity, and
ITPGRFA-Secretariat
• Initially encompasses CGIAR/held International
Collections, Eurisco and USDA
• Searchable on passport, characterization, evaluation and
ecogeographic descriptors
• Plans for further development and improvement
• Expandable to include all genebanks!

22. http://www.genesys-pgr.org
Global information portal

23. • An information management system for genebanks
• The new incarnation of USDA’s Genetic Resources Information
System (GRIN)
• “Open source” software for continued development and
maintenance by the user community

24. In Trust for the International Community
Plan and Partnership for Managing and Sustaining CGIAR – held
collections of Plant Genetic Resources
Image by:Neil Palmer/CIAT

25. Objective
To conserve the diversity of PGR in CGIAR-held
collections, to make it available to breeders
and researchers in a manner that meets high
international scientific standards, is cost
efficient, is secure, reliable and sustainable
over the long-term and is supportive of and
consistent with ITPGRFA

26. International collections

27. Accessions
AfricaRice Rice 20,000
Bioversity Banana 1,298
CIAT Beans, Cassava, Tropical forages 65,635
CIMMYT Maize, Wheat 155,129
CIP
Potato, Sweet potato, Andean Roots
& Tubers
16,495
ICARDA
Grain legumes, Wheat, Barley,
Forage & range crops
134,160
ICRAF Trees 5,144
ICRISAT Dryland cereals, Grain legumes 156,313
IITA
Cowpea, Cassava, Yam, Banana,
Misc legumes
28,286
ILRI Tropical forages 18,291
IRRI Rice 110,817
Total 711,568
International collections

28. CGIAR Research Program for Managing
and Sustaining Crop Collections
 11 Centres
 5 year funding plan
 $20 million/year
 Routine operations
 Trust management
and oversight
 Commitment by
donors to transition
to funding through
Trust endowment

29. Transition to sustainable funding

30. Online reporting tool

31. Safe-guarding threatened diversity and promoting use:
Collecting, protecting and preparing crop wild relatives
Image by:Neil Palmer/CIAT

32. But why CWR?
Hoisington et al 1998
Folke 2001

33. The Trust’s CWR initiative
• Identify, collect, conserve, document and use key crop wild
relative diversity for climate change adaptation (in developing
countries)
• $50 million over 10 years pledged by Norwegian
government, starting 2011
• 26 target crops

34. Species Common name
Avena sativa Oat
Cajanus cajan Pigeonpea
lCicer arietinum Chickpea
Daucus carota Carrot
Eleusine coracana Finger millet
Helianthus annuus Sunflower
Hordeum vulgare Barley
Ipomoea batatas Sweet potato
Lathyrus sativus Grass pea/Common chickling
Lens culinaris Lentil
Malus domestica Apple
Medicago sativa Alfalfa/Lucerne
Musa acuminata Cavendish banana
Musa balbisiana Guangdong plantain
Species Common name
Oryza glaberrima African rice
Oryza sativa Rice
Pennisetum glaucum Pearl millet
Phaseolus lunatus Butter bean/Lima bean
Phaseolus vulgaris Garden bean
Pisum sativum Garden pea
Secale cereale Rye
Solanum melongena Eggplant/Aubergine
Solanum tuberosum Potato
Sorghum bicolor Sorghum
Triticum aestivum Bread wheat
Vicia faba Faba bean
Vicia sativa Common vetch
Vigna subterranea Bambara groundnut
Vigna unguiculata Cowpea
Crop wild relatives initiative

35. Gap analysis: carrot

36. Gap analysis: carrot

37. www.croptrust.org