The importance of collaboration on PGRFA conservation and use
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This document discusses the importance of global collaboration for plant genetic resource conservation and use for climate change adaptation. It summarizes the work of the Global Crop Diversity Trust, including regeneration of accessions at risk, duplication in the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, developing information systems, collecting crop wild relatives, targeting threatened diversity, and projects with a conservation and use component including pre-breeding for climate change adaptation. The Trust was established in 2004 to build a rational global system for ex situ plant genetic resource conservation and use.
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The importance of collaboration on PGRFA conservation and use
- 1. The Global Crop Diversity Trust PGR conservation and use for climate change adaptationThe importance of collaboration
- 2. Observed changes in growing season temperature for crop growing regions, 1980-2008. Lobell et al (2011) Thanks to Andy Jarvis for the slide % Yield impact for wheat
- 3. Averageprojected % change in suitability for 50 crops, to 2050 Thanks to Andy Jarvis for the slide
- 4. http://www.cropwildrelatives.org/fileadmin/bioversity/publications/pdfs/Kew%20250%20CWR%20Talk.pdf
- 7. http://dapa.ciat.cgiar.org/towards-a-more-homogenous-world-genetic-resources-and-climate-change/ 30% increase in climatic interdependence between countries 98% of countries more similar to others in 2050 than they currently are
- 9. Conservation Svalbard Global Seed Vault Safety backup Long-term collections (e.g. CG Centres etc., regional genebanks etc.) Active national collections Breeding/working collections Use Farmers/on farm conservation
- 10. A rational global system for the efficient and effective ex situ conservation and use of PGRFA
- 11. Building a global system The Trust established under international law Oct. 2004 Jointly founded by FAO and Bioversity (on behalf of CGIAR) Endowment fund Long-term grants ($1.8 mill/year) + project funds (e.g. Gates Foundation) Essential element of funding strategy of ITPGRFA Technical framework is Global Plan of Action
- 12. Building a global system Regenerating accessions at risk in priority collections 22 Annex 1 crops, 67 countries, 101 institutes, 214 collections, 81,000 accessions identified by experts, regional/crop strategies, regional networks multilingual regeneration guidelines Duplication in Svalbard Global Seed Vault from the regeneration projects on seed crops other deposits from developing countries in-trust seed collections held by CGIAR Centres
- 13. Regeneration in CAC Tajikistan – RNCGR Wheat, barley Uzbekistan – UzRIPI Sorghum, maize, wheat, barley Armenia – ASAU (ECPGR) Barley, wheat Azerbaijan – IGR (+ECPGR) Wheat, barley, pulses Georgia – GIF & GSAU (ECPGR) Maize, sorghum, wheat, pulses
- 14. Building a global system contd. Information and information systems GRIN-Global: data management system for genebanks http://www.grin-global.org/index.php/Main_Page Genesys: global accession-level information portal SINGER EURISCO GRIN Others: Do you have data you’d like to share with the rest of the world?
- 16. Building a global system contd. A global initiative to collect and use crop wild relatives Norway-funded Partnership with Millennium Seed Bank, Kew Collaboration with national programmes, CGIAR Centres
- 17. Targeting “missing” diversity http://gisweb.ciat.cgiar.org/GapAnalysis/
- 18. Targeting threatened diversity Of approx. 80,000 total accessions of annual Cicerspecies There are 572 accessions of wild annual species Only 124 of which are unique and distinct
- 19. Targeting threatened diversity Source: Jarvis A. 2009. personal communication.
- 20. Not just conservation Project includes a use component Genotyping Phenotyping Pre-breeding Aims Specific traits Base broadening For climate change adaptation
- 21. How to be a good global citizen Ratify the ITPGRFA SMTA Share data NISM (FAO) Genesys Share responsibilities at national, regional level Collaborate on research to solve common problems Safety duplicate (at CGIAR Centres, Svalbard) Communicate
Editor's Notes
- For Lobell map: Values show the linear trend in temperature for the main crop grown in that grid cell, and for the months in which that crop is grown. Values indicate the trend in terms of multiples of the standard deviation of historical year-to-year variation. ** A 1˚C rise tended to lower yields by up to 10% except in high latitude countries, where in particular rice gains from warming.** In India, warming may explain the recently slowing of yield gains. For yield graph: Estimated net impact of climate trends for 1980-2008 on crop yields for major producers and for global production. Values are expressed as percent of average yield. Gray bars show median estimate and error bars show 5-95% confidence interval from bootstrap resampling with 500 replicates. Red and blue dots show median estimate of impact for T trend and P trend, respectively. **At the global scale, maize and wheat exhibited negative impacts for several major producers and global net loss of 3.8% and 5.5% relative to what would have been achieved without the climate trends in 1980-2008. In absolute terms, these equal the annual production of maize in Mexico (23 MT) and wheat in France (33 MT), respectively.Source:Climate Trends and Global Crop Production Since 1980David B. Lobell1,*, Wolfram Schlenker2,3, and Justin Costa-Roberts1Science magazine