Presentation by Dra Karen Zapata Boquete Panama 4 Sept 2012

1. Karen Zapata Montenegro
Dermatology and Dermatology surgery
CSS

3. Introduction
UV Radiation
Concept
UV radiation damage
Photoprotection

10. Concept

11. • Isaac Newton.
1666 • “Colors phenomenon”
• William Herschel.
1800
• Infrared radiation
• Johann Ritter.
1801 • Ultraviolet radiation
Diffey B. Methods. 2002; 28: 4-13

12.  Ultraviolet light or
ultraviolet
radiation?
 “beyond violet”
 Exposure to UV and
its several sequellae
◦ 1932 Copenhaguen
 UVC
Maverakis E, et al. Journal of Autoimmunity. 2010; 34: 47-57

14. Less than
9% UV

15. UV radiation
Elliptical orbit
◦ 3.4 % perihelion (January 3)
◦ Aphelion (July 5)
◦ 7% UVR variation

16. Hour
UV Month
Sun Radiation of the
Position
year
Geographic
position

17. UVB causes
80% skin
damage
Clouds Chlorofluorocarbon
decrease decreases ozone layer
UV
radiation
UVB 5%
UVA 95%
Maverakis E, et al. Journal of Autoimmunity. 2010; 34: 47-57

18. UV-B index
Measure of the amount UVR at the surface, during
maximum radiation
Scale 0-11
1 unit = 25 miliWatt/m2

19. 90%
5% 15-30%
Snow Desert area

21. Energy Climatic
source changes
Living
Photosynthesis
forms
Food
Chain

22. Elevates mood and improves
energy

23. Vitamin D production
5 to 20 minutes of daily exposure

24. Skin cancer

25. Mutagenic
effects
Skin cancer
Immune Eye Damage
system
alteration

26. Immune System alteration
ICAM-1

27. DNA
Melanin
Mutagenic
effects
Malignancy

28. Genetics
Family
Environment
History

29. Outdoor
activities
UV artificial
sources
Ozone layer
An estimaded 3.5 millions of new cases each year in USA. 1/5 during
lifetime. The most common skin cancer.
Camp et al. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2011; 30: 6-13

30.  Most common cancer in humans
 3-8% of annual increase since 1960
 Firm association with UV exposure
 40 -50% recurrent CBC
 80% older than 60 year
Madan V, Lear J, Szeimies R. Lancet. 2010; 375:373-85

31. • Intermittent exposure
CBC • Childhood exposure
• Chronic exposure
CEC

32. Annual incidence
3-7% increase More related with
7.89 to 22.52
since 1970 mortality
for each 100000
Kanavy H, Gerstenblith M. Seminars in cutaneous Medicine and surgery. 2011; 222-8

34. Melanoma geographical distribution is bigger next to this
area. 1% decrease in ozone layer increase melanoma
mortality 1-2%.
Kanavy H, Gerstenblith M. Seminars in cutaneous Medicine and surgery. 2011; 222-8

35. Indoor tanning
Chronic and
Skin cancer risk
intermittent
factor since
2009

36. High-altitude regions tend to have a higher
melanoma rate that may be related to the
higher UV fluences (J/cm2) noted at these sites

37. Other diseases

38. Key points

39. Gilaberte Y, González S. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas. 2010; 101: 659-72

40. Gilaberte Y, González S. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas. 2010; 101: 659-72

41.  Sunscreens are photochemical systems that
absorb or reflect UV radiation.
 Frequently use of sunscreens is the best
photoprotection strategy.
 The first sunscreen was marketed in 1930
 Actually there are 28 chemical filters in
Australia, 26 in Europe and 14 in USA.
Kockler J, Oelgemoller M, Robertson S, Glass B.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. 2012; 1-17

42. UVR
Dispersion
Absorption
Reflection
Chemical or physical filters

43.  La capacidad de eritema depende
◦ Longitud de onda de radiación
◦ Fotosensibilidad del individuo
◦ DEM uso estudios observacionales
MED protected
SPF = ----------------
MED
unprotected
Kockler J, Oelgemoller M, Robertson S, Glass B.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. 2012; 1-17

44.  La capacidad de eritema depende
◦ Longitud de onda de radiación
◦ Fotosensibilidad del individuo
◦ DEM uso estudios observacionales
MPD protected
UVA FP = ----------------
MPD
unprotected
DPM: dosis de pigmento mínima
Kockler J, Oelgemoller M, Robertson S, Glass B.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. 2012; 1-17

45. FILTROS ACCIÓN ESPECTRO
INORGÁNICOS- FÍSICOS
Dióxido de titanio al 25% 350 UVA, UVB
Óxido de cinc al 25% 350 UVA, UVB
ORGÁNICOS - QUÍMICOS
Filtros para UVA
Benzofenonas
Oxibenzonas al 6% 288-325 UVB, UVA II
Sulisobenzonas al 10% 366 UVA
Dioxibenzona al 3% 352 UVA
Dibenzolimetanos
Avobenzona 3% 360 UVA1
Antralatos
Medalimato al 3% 340 UVAII
Ecamsul (mexorilo SX) 345 UVB, UVA
Ácido terephtalilideno
diaalcanforsulfínico al 10%

46. FILTROS ACCIÓN ESPECTRO
Filtros para UVB
Aminobenzoatos (derivados del PABA)
PABA al 1 5% 283 UVB
Padimato O (octil dimetil PABA) al 8% 311 UVB
Cinamatos
Cinoxato al 3% 289 UVB
Octinoxate (octil metoxicinamato) al 7.5% 311 UVB
Salicilatos
Octilsalate (octil salicilato) al 5% 307 UVB
Homosalat (homentil salicilato) al 15% 306 UVB
Trolamina salicilato al 12% 306 UVB
Otros
Octocrileno al 10% 303 UVB, UVAII
Ensulizolo al 4% 310
Metileno-bis-benzotriazolila 305- UVB, UVA
Tetrametilbutifenol (Tinosorb M) al 10% 360 Filtro inorgánico y orgánico
Bis-etilhexiloxifenol metoxifenil triazina 310-
(Tinosorb S) al 10% 340
Moreno M, Moreno L. Rev Asoc Colomb Dermatol. 2009; 10: 1-9

47.  SPF 30 (97.5 UVB)
◦ 370nm
 High UVA protection
20 min before and 2 - 3
hours
SPF 30
UVA high
protection

48. 50- 80% solar damage is
Correct solar protection
before 18
Walker D. Journal of Pediatric nursing. 2011 Article in press

49. Dark colors, nylon and
UPF higher than 40
polyester

50. DFMO: difluorometilornitina
Camp et al. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2011; 30: 6-13