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From Paper to Prototype 
Chris McQueen (London)
In reality, more appropriate names are… 
From to Prototype Po s t- i t 
Or 
How I learned to stop worrying 
and love Science
WhTaotd I’all yc…over… 
Part 1: Why think like a scientist? 
Includes a short story… 
Part 2: *A science project 
*Not really a science project
Part 1: 
Why think like a Scientist?
A littTleo bdita ayb…out me... 
With Deutsche Bank for 3 years. 
10 years experience. 
Previously worked as a UX consultant. 
Love photography, music, architecture… 
All what I’d consider to be designer type things! 
Graduated with Bachelor of Science degree in Human Factors 
(Ergonomics). 
…and it’s this last bit I want to tell you about.
… I really didn’t think of myself as a SCIENTIST!
Human FaTcotodrasy (…Ergonomics) 
I learnt all about cognitive psychology, qualitative data analysis and 
various observational research methods… 
…All very “science” orientated type things 
So 
I specialized in Human-Computer Interaction! 
Which, whilst very “science-y” included more design related and UI 
focused projects
Today… 
“I’m not a Scientist… 
I’m a designer!”
Today… 
So I went to see my Professor...
ToHed taolyd …me: 
“As a scientist, an engineer or designer… 
…you’ll follow the same steps. 
It’s the method that’s important”
So what method does a Scientist follow? 
1. Baseline research leading to a 
hypothesis or theory 
2. Produce models and simulations 
3. Experiment & make observations
And Scientists always... 
Never fear failure. Ever 
Understand there are no Silver Bullets 
Constantly learn from others 
Iterate, Iterate, Iterate 
Iterate, Iterate, Iterate 
Continually learn from others
But most importantly... 
Scientists want their 
theories to be tested... 
This is how new ideas develop and 
the discipline moves forward
Example 
The Higgs Boson was theorized back in 
1964 by Peter Higgs. It attempts to 
describe the basic workings of the 
universe. 
It’s taken 48 years for its existence to be 
proven... Scientists still say they’re only 
99% certain. 
But more importantly, the insight gathered 
in the last 48 years has benefited us all... 
e.g. mobile communications technology, 
advances in medical science (particularly 
radiology), and lots more. 
http://thenextweb.com/shareables/2012/07/04/so-what-is-the-higgs-boson-and-why-is-it-important-anyway/
Part 2: 
A science project
Step 1: 
Baseline research leading 
to a hypothesis or theory
We rarely know our users. 
They certainly don’t look like this... 
So how do we find out what they are like?
We can use multiple methods 
Contextual Inquiry 
Stakeholder 
Interviews 
Diary Study 
Surveys 
Focus Groups 
Participatory 
Phone Interviews Design
Remember: 
There are no Silver Bullets
Example discussion guide
Analyze the data 
Research coverage 
from Asia, Europe 
(and North America) 
Extract key insights
Look for patterns. Group Insights
Create profiles 
Grouping profiles by task similarity 
Naming groups e.g. Constant Creators & Safeguard Authorizers
Create profiles
Find user archetypes: 
Personas 
Refer to CoP Brown Bag lunches for more info on how to create these
Task Flows 
Task flows define 
a typical journey 
through each 
user’s day. 
We include all 
touchpoints 
A task flow is 
produced for 
each persona
Task flows (continued)
Now, based on all our insight 
we can...
Brainstorm Ideas 
Dashboard Creation 
Initiation History 
Simplify Creating Reports 
Easy Input Forms
Create Concept Designs
We can think of this as our 
Design Hypothesis 
...And like any hypothesis 
we should test it
Step 2: 
Produce Models and 
Simulations
A model or simulation? 
Sounds like a Prototype to me...
1st Prototype (click-through concept)
1st Prototype (click-through concept)
Step 3: 
Experiment and make 
observations
Test our designs with 
real users
Remember: 
Iterate, Iterate, Iterate
2nd Prototype (medium fidelity)
3rd Prototype
Remember: 
Learn from others
“Good artists copy, 
great artists steal…” 
Pablo Picasso 
Personally, I prefer... 
“Insights from others often lead us to our own 
(mini) breakthroughs” 
Me (Today) 
BUT always give appropriate credit… I’ve learnt this the hard way!
Scientists learn from others all the time... 
Einstein: Theory of Relativity 
Einstein was heavily influenced by Henri 
Poincaré, a French mathematician who’s 
previously published work had largely focused 
in this area. 
Alexander Graham Bell: Telephone 
Italian, Antonio Meucci demonstrated “voice communication apparatus” 
almost 16 years earlier. 
As an aside... Meucci failed to pay a $10 patent renewal fee
Caution! 
Never take an idea wholesale 
Just because it works for X users, 
doesn’t mean it’ll work for Y 
Always consider the context
In summary...
Using multiple methods 
helps us gain deeper insight 
Remember: 
There are no Silver Bullets
Testing our assumptions and our designs 
makes our products better 
Remember: 
Iterate, Iterate, Iterate
Insights from others often lead us to 
our own (mini) breakthroughs 
Remember: 
Learn from others
It’s OK to Fail 
In fact, we should embrace it 
and learn from our mistakes 
Remember: 
Scientists want their theories to be tested! 
We learn from failure… Probably more than we do 
from success.
Paper to prototype, or.... How I learned to stop worrying and love Science

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Paper to prototype, or.... How I learned to stop worrying and love Science

  • 1. From Paper to Prototype Chris McQueen (London)
  • 2. In reality, more appropriate names are… From to Prototype Po s t- i t Or How I learned to stop worrying and love Science
  • 3. WhTaotd I’all yc…over… Part 1: Why think like a scientist? Includes a short story… Part 2: *A science project *Not really a science project
  • 4. Part 1: Why think like a Scientist?
  • 5. A littTleo bdita ayb…out me... With Deutsche Bank for 3 years. 10 years experience. Previously worked as a UX consultant. Love photography, music, architecture… All what I’d consider to be designer type things! Graduated with Bachelor of Science degree in Human Factors (Ergonomics). …and it’s this last bit I want to tell you about.
  • 6. … I really didn’t think of myself as a SCIENTIST!
  • 7. Human FaTcotodrasy (…Ergonomics) I learnt all about cognitive psychology, qualitative data analysis and various observational research methods… …All very “science” orientated type things So I specialized in Human-Computer Interaction! Which, whilst very “science-y” included more design related and UI focused projects
  • 8. Today… “I’m not a Scientist… I’m a designer!”
  • 9. Today… So I went to see my Professor...
  • 10. ToHed taolyd …me: “As a scientist, an engineer or designer… …you’ll follow the same steps. It’s the method that’s important”
  • 11. So what method does a Scientist follow? 1. Baseline research leading to a hypothesis or theory 2. Produce models and simulations 3. Experiment & make observations
  • 12. And Scientists always... Never fear failure. Ever Understand there are no Silver Bullets Constantly learn from others Iterate, Iterate, Iterate Iterate, Iterate, Iterate Continually learn from others
  • 13. But most importantly... Scientists want their theories to be tested... This is how new ideas develop and the discipline moves forward
  • 14. Example The Higgs Boson was theorized back in 1964 by Peter Higgs. It attempts to describe the basic workings of the universe. It’s taken 48 years for its existence to be proven... Scientists still say they’re only 99% certain. But more importantly, the insight gathered in the last 48 years has benefited us all... e.g. mobile communications technology, advances in medical science (particularly radiology), and lots more. http://thenextweb.com/shareables/2012/07/04/so-what-is-the-higgs-boson-and-why-is-it-important-anyway/
  • 15. Part 2: A science project
  • 16. Step 1: Baseline research leading to a hypothesis or theory
  • 17. We rarely know our users. They certainly don’t look like this... So how do we find out what they are like?
  • 18. We can use multiple methods Contextual Inquiry Stakeholder Interviews Diary Study Surveys Focus Groups Participatory Phone Interviews Design
  • 19. Remember: There are no Silver Bullets
  • 21.
  • 22. Analyze the data Research coverage from Asia, Europe (and North America) Extract key insights
  • 23. Look for patterns. Group Insights
  • 24. Create profiles Grouping profiles by task similarity Naming groups e.g. Constant Creators & Safeguard Authorizers
  • 26. Find user archetypes: Personas Refer to CoP Brown Bag lunches for more info on how to create these
  • 27. Task Flows Task flows define a typical journey through each user’s day. We include all touchpoints A task flow is produced for each persona
  • 29. Now, based on all our insight we can...
  • 30. Brainstorm Ideas Dashboard Creation Initiation History Simplify Creating Reports Easy Input Forms
  • 32. We can think of this as our Design Hypothesis ...And like any hypothesis we should test it
  • 33. Step 2: Produce Models and Simulations
  • 34. A model or simulation? Sounds like a Prototype to me...
  • 37. Step 3: Experiment and make observations
  • 38. Test our designs with real users
  • 43. “Good artists copy, great artists steal…” Pablo Picasso Personally, I prefer... “Insights from others often lead us to our own (mini) breakthroughs” Me (Today) BUT always give appropriate credit… I’ve learnt this the hard way!
  • 44. Scientists learn from others all the time... Einstein: Theory of Relativity Einstein was heavily influenced by Henri Poincaré, a French mathematician who’s previously published work had largely focused in this area. Alexander Graham Bell: Telephone Italian, Antonio Meucci demonstrated “voice communication apparatus” almost 16 years earlier. As an aside... Meucci failed to pay a $10 patent renewal fee
  • 45. Caution! Never take an idea wholesale Just because it works for X users, doesn’t mean it’ll work for Y Always consider the context
  • 47. Using multiple methods helps us gain deeper insight Remember: There are no Silver Bullets
  • 48. Testing our assumptions and our designs makes our products better Remember: Iterate, Iterate, Iterate
  • 49. Insights from others often lead us to our own (mini) breakthroughs Remember: Learn from others
  • 50. It’s OK to Fail In fact, we should embrace it and learn from our mistakes Remember: Scientists want their theories to be tested! We learn from failure… Probably more than we do from success.