2. Widely used in 90’s-2000
allows multiple users on a single channel.
Supports voice as well as data.
radio signals on 2G networks are digital,
which can be compressed and multiplexed
easily.
2G technologies can be divided into TDMA-
based and CDMA-based standards depending
on the type of multiplexing used.
Speed 9.6 Kbps .
Carrier frequency is of 200 KHz.
3. Used in 2001-2004
In addition to circuit switched data, packet
switched data was also implemented.
Enhanced multimedia and streaming video are
possible.
Supports web browsing
2.5G is General Packet Radio Service (GPRS),
which is evolution from GSM.
GPRS could provide data rates from 56 Kbps up to
115 Kbps.
It can be used for services such as wireless
application protocol (WAP) access, Multimedia
Messaging Service (MMS), and for Internet
communication services such as email and World
Wide Web access.
carrier frequency is same as that of 2G.
4. Came into picture during 2004-2005.
High speed (2Mbps) and increased bandwidth (2GHz).
Carrier frequency is 5 MHz.
3G networks offer greater security than their 2G
predecessors because 3G networks permit validation
measures when communicating with other devices.
This technology is much more flexible as it can support 5
major radio technologies that operate under CDMA, TDMA
and FDMA. CDMA accounts for IMT-DS (direct speed), IMT-MC
(multi carrier). TDMA holds for IMT-TC (time code), IMT-SC
(single carrier).
Applications of 3G are: Mobile TV, Video on Demand, Video
Conferencing, Location-based services and Global Positioning
System(GPS)
Drawback of 3G is that it is simply not available in certain
regions.
6. LTE is a standard for wireless communication of
high-speed data for mobile phones and data
terminals.
Supports at least 200 active data clients in every
5 MHz cell.
It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA
network technologies, increasing the capacity
and speed using new modulation techniques.
Ability to manage fast moving mobiles and
supports MBSFN (Multicast Broadcast Single
Frequency Network).
It can deliver services such as Mobile TV
7. Formally submitted as a candidate 4G system to
ITU-T in late 2009, was approved into ITU,
International Telecommunications Union, IMT-
Advanced and was finalized by 3GPP in March
2011.
Data rate is 2Gbps.
It targets faster switching between power states
and improved performance at the cell edge.
Improves the capacity and coverage, and ensures
user fairness.
Also introduces multicarrier to be able to use
ultra wide bandwidth, up to 100 MHz of
spectrum supporting very high data rates.