SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 35
Download to read offline
The Academic Essay
  Perspectives (Brent Davies, 2010)
The Academic Essay

The academic essay is a formal, structured piece of
 writing consisting of an introductory paragraph, a
  three-paragraph development and a concluding
                     paragraph.
The Academic Essay
The Academic Essay
Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first-
 and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.)
  or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an
                    academic essay.
The Academic Essay
Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first-
 and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.)
  or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an
                    academic essay.
         1) Writing in third person makes the essay
                    seem less subjective.
The Academic Essay
Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first-
 and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.)
  or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an
                    academic essay.
         1) Writing in third person makes the essay
                    seem less subjective.

        It is for these reasons that sometimes we cannot
             trust others we have met on the internet.
The Academic Essay
Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first-
 and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.)
  or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an
                    academic essay.
             1) Writing in third person makes the essay
                        seem less subjective.

  Seems      It is for these reasons that sometimes we cannot
subjective
                  trust others we have met on the internet.
The Academic Essay
Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first-
 and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.)
  or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an
                    academic essay.
              1) Writing in third person makes the essay
                         seem less subjective.

  Seems       It is for these reasons that sometimes we cannot
subjective
                   trust others we have met on the internet.

                It is for these reasons that internet users
             cannot trust others they have met on the internet.
The Academic Essay
 Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first-
  and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.)
   or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an
                     academic essay.
               1) Writing in third person makes the essay
                          seem less subjective.

   Seems       It is for these reasons that sometimes we cannot
 subjective
                    trust others we have met on the internet.

Seems more       It is for these reasons that internet users
 objective
              cannot trust others they have met on the internet.
The Academic Essay
The Academic Essay
A title page, research and referencing may also be
                     required.
The Academic Essay
A title page, research and referencing may also be
                     required.

        For more information on research and
      referencing, see “Appendix A: Researching,
              Referencing and Revising.”
Structure of the Academic
           Essay
                     Three-
Introductory                         Concluding
  Paragraph    +    Paragraph    +   Paragraph
                   Development
Structure of the Academic
           Essay
                     Three-
Introductory                         Concluding
  Paragraph    +    Paragraph    +   Paragraph
                   Development
Structure of the Academic
           Essay
                     Three-
Introductory                         Concluding
  Paragraph    +    Paragraph    +   Paragraph
                   Development



  Grabber
      +
   Thesis
Statement /
  preview
 statement
Structure of the Academic
           Essay
                     Three-
Introductory                         Concluding
  Paragraph    +    Paragraph    +   Paragraph
                   Development



  Grabber
      +
   Thesis
Statement /
  preview
 statement
Structure of the Academic
           Essay
                     Three-
Introductory                              Concluding
  Paragraph    +    Paragraph         +   Paragraph
                   Development



  Grabber           Paragraph
      +                1,2,3:
   Thesis          Transition term
Statement /               +
  preview          Controlling idea
 statement                +
                      Evidence
Structure of the Academic
           Essay
                     Three-
Introductory                              Concluding
  Paragraph    +    Paragraph         +   Paragraph
                   Development



  Grabber           Paragraph
      +                1,2,3:
   Thesis          Transition term
Statement /               +
  preview          Controlling idea
 statement                +
                      Evidence
Structure of the Academic
           Essay
                     Three-
Introductory                              Concluding
  Paragraph    +    Paragraph         +   Paragraph
                   Development



  Grabber           Paragraph
      +                1,2,3:               Summary
   Thesis          Transition term          statement
Statement /               +                      +
  preview          Controlling idea          Clincher
 statement                +
                      Evidence
The 4-S Test
The 4-S Test
An effective essay is based on a subject that passes
                    the 4-S test.
The 4-S Test
The subject must be:

1. Single
The 4-S Test
 The subject must be:

  1. Single
An academic essay deals with one, and only one,
subject. As a consequence, the thesis statement--upon
which the entire essay is constructed--must express
the writer’s opinion on one, and only one subject.
The 4-S Test
 The subject must be:

2. Significant
The 4-S Test
 The subject must be:

2. Significant
An academic essay is written to be read. In an
educational setting, the reader is typically your teacher
and perhaps one or more of your classmates.Your
teacher and your classmates deserve to read essays on
meaningful subjects.
The 4-S Test
The subject must be:

3. Specific
The 4-S Test
 The subject must be:

 3. Specific
Academic essays are brief. The more specific your
thesis statement, the more justice you can do to the
topic selected; for example, instead of writing about
war, write about the internment of Japanese-Canadian
citizens during World War II.
The 4-S Test
 The subject must be:

4. Supportable
The 4-S Test
 The subject must be:

4. Supportable

An academic essay requires that you prove your point
(your thesis). If you can’t support your thesis
statement, change it.
The Introductory Paragraph
 The first sentence of the introductory paragraph
      should grab the reader’s attention. Not
surprisingly, this first sentence is often referred to
   as a grabber. Effective grabber techniques
 include (but are not limited to) using quotations
                 definitions and facts.
The Introductory Paragraph
     The introductory paragraph must end with a
thesis statement, an affirmative statement that
expresses the writer’s opinion about the subject of
 the essay, and may be followed by a list of two or
    three main points to be used to support your
 thesis. When the thesis statement is followed by a
 list of main points, it is referred to as a preview
                    statement.
Three-Paragraph development
The first sentence of each paragraph in the
development is the topic sentence of the
paragraph. The topic sentence is the controlling
idea of the paragraph. Each topic sentence begins
with a transition term such as First, Second, and
Third or To begin, To continue, and To finish and is
backed up with evidence: statistics, expert opinion
or example. Ideally, different types of evidence are
used in the development.
Transition Terms


Transition terms lend coherence to a text,
indicating relationships between ideas.
Read the transition words on p.10
Concluding Paragraph


The first sentence of the concluding paragraph is a
summary statement, a paraphrase of the
thesis statement and topic sentences. The summary
statement begins with a transition term such as To
sum up, In summary,To conclude or In conclusion.
Concluding Paragraph

The last sentence of the concluding paragraph is
the clincher, a technique used to encourage the
reader to reflect upon the essay. Effective clincher
techniques include (but are not limited to)
connecting with the introduction, asking a
rhetorical question (question for which no answer
is expected or offering a suggestion.

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

The academic essay: Identifying viewpoints
The academic essay: Identifying viewpointsThe academic essay: Identifying viewpoints
The academic essay: Identifying viewpointsDebbie Lahav
 
Strategy Formation Iamot 2005 Linked In
Strategy Formation   Iamot 2005   Linked InStrategy Formation   Iamot 2005   Linked In
Strategy Formation Iamot 2005 Linked Inwillyhoppe
 
Informational text essay Academic Vocabulary with Lesson Plan
Informational text essay Academic Vocabulary with Lesson PlanInformational text essay Academic Vocabulary with Lesson Plan
Informational text essay Academic Vocabulary with Lesson PlanKaren Rothermich
 
Features of academic essay
Features of academic essayFeatures of academic essay
Features of academic essayyelzhig
 
Ppt hadjicostas glp
Ppt hadjicostas   glpPpt hadjicostas   glp
Ppt hadjicostas glpceutics1315
 
หลักการเขียนบทความวิชาการทางรัฐศาสตร์ How to write an academic essay
หลักการเขียนบทความวิชาการทางรัฐศาสตร์ How to write an academic essay หลักการเขียนบทความวิชาการทางรัฐศาสตร์ How to write an academic essay
หลักการเขียนบทความวิชาการทางรัฐศาสตร์ How to write an academic essay Weera Wongsatjachock
 
Gseb class 12 chemistry sem 3 ch 2 solution part 1
Gseb class 12 chemistry  sem 3 ch 2 solution part 1Gseb class 12 chemistry  sem 3 ch 2 solution part 1
Gseb class 12 chemistry sem 3 ch 2 solution part 1Saumil Sharma
 
A model of dialectics relating reality and formality systems
A model of dialectics relating reality and formality systemsA model of dialectics relating reality and formality systems
A model of dialectics relating reality and formality systemsDidi Sugandi
 
Writing an Academic Essay
Writing an Academic EssayWriting an Academic Essay
Writing an Academic EssayEssay Academia
 
Chemistry Multiple choice questions(50) with answer
Chemistry Multiple choice questions(50) with answerChemistry Multiple choice questions(50) with answer
Chemistry Multiple choice questions(50) with answerVibhor Agarwal
 
Formal vs. informal
Formal vs. informalFormal vs. informal
Formal vs. informalljvandis
 

Viewers also liked (20)

The academic essay: Identifying viewpoints
The academic essay: Identifying viewpointsThe academic essay: Identifying viewpoints
The academic essay: Identifying viewpoints
 
Strategy Formation Iamot 2005 Linked In
Strategy Formation   Iamot 2005   Linked InStrategy Formation   Iamot 2005   Linked In
Strategy Formation Iamot 2005 Linked In
 
Lecture 1 first day(1)
Lecture 1 first day(1)Lecture 1 first day(1)
Lecture 1 first day(1)
 
Pavey - Creative approaches to formal essay writing
Pavey - Creative approaches to formal essay writingPavey - Creative approaches to formal essay writing
Pavey - Creative approaches to formal essay writing
 
Informational text essay Academic Vocabulary with Lesson Plan
Informational text essay Academic Vocabulary with Lesson PlanInformational text essay Academic Vocabulary with Lesson Plan
Informational text essay Academic Vocabulary with Lesson Plan
 
Features of academic essay
Features of academic essayFeatures of academic essay
Features of academic essay
 
Reading process
Reading processReading process
Reading process
 
Ppt hadjicostas glp
Ppt hadjicostas   glpPpt hadjicostas   glp
Ppt hadjicostas glp
 
หลักการเขียนบทความวิชาการทางรัฐศาสตร์ How to write an academic essay
หลักการเขียนบทความวิชาการทางรัฐศาสตร์ How to write an academic essay หลักการเขียนบทความวิชาการทางรัฐศาสตร์ How to write an academic essay
หลักการเขียนบทความวิชาการทางรัฐศาสตร์ How to write an academic essay
 
Gseb class 12 chemistry sem 3 ch 2 solution part 1
Gseb class 12 chemistry  sem 3 ch 2 solution part 1Gseb class 12 chemistry  sem 3 ch 2 solution part 1
Gseb class 12 chemistry sem 3 ch 2 solution part 1
 
A model of dialectics relating reality and formality systems
A model of dialectics relating reality and formality systemsA model of dialectics relating reality and formality systems
A model of dialectics relating reality and formality systems
 
Mod
ModMod
Mod
 
Writing an Academic Essay
Writing an Academic EssayWriting an Academic Essay
Writing an Academic Essay
 
FORMAL ESSAY and INFORMAL (FAMILIAR) ESSAY
FORMAL ESSAY and INFORMAL (FAMILIAR) ESSAYFORMAL ESSAY and INFORMAL (FAMILIAR) ESSAY
FORMAL ESSAY and INFORMAL (FAMILIAR) ESSAY
 
Chemistry Multiple choice questions(50) with answer
Chemistry Multiple choice questions(50) with answerChemistry Multiple choice questions(50) with answer
Chemistry Multiple choice questions(50) with answer
 
Formal Vs Informal Writing
Formal Vs Informal WritingFormal Vs Informal Writing
Formal Vs Informal Writing
 
Stoichiometric Calculations
Stoichiometric CalculationsStoichiometric Calculations
Stoichiometric Calculations
 
Formal vs. informal
Formal vs. informalFormal vs. informal
Formal vs. informal
 
Year 9 Formal Writing
Year 9  Formal WritingYear 9  Formal Writing
Year 9 Formal Writing
 
Character analysis essay
Character analysis essayCharacter analysis essay
Character analysis essay
 

Similar to 212 the academic essay

Writing paper workshopwritingacademicpaper-telkomuniv-15102015
Writing paper workshopwritingacademicpaper-telkomuniv-15102015Writing paper workshopwritingacademicpaper-telkomuniv-15102015
Writing paper workshopwritingacademicpaper-telkomuniv-15102015ramdianakin
 
Friday, march 17, 2012
Friday, march 17, 2012Friday, march 17, 2012
Friday, march 17, 2012Regina Navejar
 
Mixed presentations powerpoint
Mixed presentations powerpointMixed presentations powerpoint
Mixed presentations powerpointHlengiwe Magagula
 
ENG 115ASSIGNMENT 1 PERSONAL ESSAYDue Week 3 and worth 10.docx
ENG 115ASSIGNMENT 1 PERSONAL ESSAYDue Week 3 and worth 10.docxENG 115ASSIGNMENT 1 PERSONAL ESSAYDue Week 3 and worth 10.docx
ENG 115ASSIGNMENT 1 PERSONAL ESSAYDue Week 3 and worth 10.docxSALU18
 
2017-Study-Up-5-How-to-write-an-essay.pptx
2017-Study-Up-5-How-to-write-an-essay.pptx2017-Study-Up-5-How-to-write-an-essay.pptx
2017-Study-Up-5-How-to-write-an-essay.pptxlucianot1122
 
Stating-Thesis-Statement-and-Outlining-Text_20230909_184156_0000.pdf
Stating-Thesis-Statement-and-Outlining-Text_20230909_184156_0000.pdfStating-Thesis-Statement-and-Outlining-Text_20230909_184156_0000.pdf
Stating-Thesis-Statement-and-Outlining-Text_20230909_184156_0000.pdfReydenAgosto
 
How To Write An Introduction
How To Write An IntroductionHow To Write An Introduction
How To Write An Introductionmuguu_908
 
Writing-1technicalwritingandpresentation.pdf
Writing-1technicalwritingandpresentation.pdfWriting-1technicalwritingandpresentation.pdf
Writing-1technicalwritingandpresentation.pdfKienVutrung10
 
Tuesday, march 13, 2012
Tuesday, march 13, 2012Tuesday, march 13, 2012
Tuesday, march 13, 2012Regina Navejar
 
Wednesday, march 14, 2012
Wednesday, march 14, 2012Wednesday, march 14, 2012
Wednesday, march 14, 2012Regina Navejar
 

Similar to 212 the academic essay (20)

Essay Writing
Essay WritingEssay Writing
Essay Writing
 
Writing paper workshopwritingacademicpaper-telkomuniv-15102015
Writing paper workshopwritingacademicpaper-telkomuniv-15102015Writing paper workshopwritingacademicpaper-telkomuniv-15102015
Writing paper workshopwritingacademicpaper-telkomuniv-15102015
 
IELTS Materials!!
IELTS Materials!! IELTS Materials!!
IELTS Materials!!
 
Friday, march 17, 2012
Friday, march 17, 2012Friday, march 17, 2012
Friday, march 17, 2012
 
Mixed presentations powerpoint
Mixed presentations powerpointMixed presentations powerpoint
Mixed presentations powerpoint
 
Persuasive writing ii
Persuasive writing iiPersuasive writing ii
Persuasive writing ii
 
ENG 115ASSIGNMENT 1 PERSONAL ESSAYDue Week 3 and worth 10.docx
ENG 115ASSIGNMENT 1 PERSONAL ESSAYDue Week 3 and worth 10.docxENG 115ASSIGNMENT 1 PERSONAL ESSAYDue Week 3 and worth 10.docx
ENG 115ASSIGNMENT 1 PERSONAL ESSAYDue Week 3 and worth 10.docx
 
Writing College Papers
Writing College PapersWriting College Papers
Writing College Papers
 
Academic Research.ppt
Academic Research.pptAcademic Research.ppt
Academic Research.ppt
 
Articlesummary
ArticlesummaryArticlesummary
Articlesummary
 
How to Write Essay
How to Write EssayHow to Write Essay
How to Write Essay
 
2017-Study-Up-5-How-to-write-an-essay.pptx
2017-Study-Up-5-How-to-write-an-essay.pptx2017-Study-Up-5-How-to-write-an-essay.pptx
2017-Study-Up-5-How-to-write-an-essay.pptx
 
Stating-Thesis-Statement-and-Outlining-Text_20230909_184156_0000.pdf
Stating-Thesis-Statement-and-Outlining-Text_20230909_184156_0000.pdfStating-Thesis-Statement-and-Outlining-Text_20230909_184156_0000.pdf
Stating-Thesis-Statement-and-Outlining-Text_20230909_184156_0000.pdf
 
How To Write An Introduction
How To Write An IntroductionHow To Write An Introduction
How To Write An Introduction
 
Writing-1technicalwritingandpresentation.pdf
Writing-1technicalwritingandpresentation.pdfWriting-1technicalwritingandpresentation.pdf
Writing-1technicalwritingandpresentation.pdf
 
Lee4
Lee4Lee4
Lee4
 
Tuesday, march 13, 2012
Tuesday, march 13, 2012Tuesday, march 13, 2012
Tuesday, march 13, 2012
 
Wednesday, march 14, 2012
Wednesday, march 14, 2012Wednesday, march 14, 2012
Wednesday, march 14, 2012
 
5 Paragraph Essay Outline Format
5 Paragraph Essay Outline Format5 Paragraph Essay Outline Format
5 Paragraph Essay Outline Format
 
5 Paragraph Essay Outline Format
5 Paragraph Essay Outline Format5 Paragraph Essay Outline Format
5 Paragraph Essay Outline Format
 

More from marianogalan23

The persuasive essay copy 2
The persuasive essay copy 2The persuasive essay copy 2
The persuasive essay copy 2marianogalan23
 
New nanotechnology quiz ppt
New nanotechnology quiz pptNew nanotechnology quiz ppt
New nanotechnology quiz pptmarianogalan23
 
Referencing mla style powerpoint
Referencing mla style powerpointReferencing mla style powerpoint
Referencing mla style powerpointmarianogalan23
 
The perfect aspect tenses a 2014
The perfect aspect tenses a 2014The perfect aspect tenses a 2014
The perfect aspect tenses a 2014marianogalan23
 
Presentations to impress 2
Presentations to impress 2Presentations to impress 2
Presentations to impress 2marianogalan23
 
Research & research report modified
Research & research report modifiedResearch & research report modified
Research & research report modifiedmarianogalan23
 
The persuasive discourse day 7 (bigger fonts)
The persuasive discourse day 7 (bigger fonts)The persuasive discourse day 7 (bigger fonts)
The persuasive discourse day 7 (bigger fonts)marianogalan23
 
The persuasive discourse day 7
The persuasive discourse day 7The persuasive discourse day 7
The persuasive discourse day 7marianogalan23
 
Gene patenting grammar practice copy 2
Gene patenting grammar practice copy 2Gene patenting grammar practice copy 2
Gene patenting grammar practice copy 2marianogalan23
 
La novela pastoril copy studium
La novela pastoril copy studiumLa novela pastoril copy studium
La novela pastoril copy studiummarianogalan23
 
Common errors diagnostic texts engl 102
Common errors diagnostic texts engl 102Common errors diagnostic texts engl 102
Common errors diagnostic texts engl 102marianogalan23
 
Los libros de caballerías clase 1 copy 1
Los libros de caballerías clase 1 copy 1Los libros de caballerías clase 1 copy 1
Los libros de caballerías clase 1 copy 1marianogalan23
 
Simple present and present continuous
Simple present and present continuousSimple present and present continuous
Simple present and present continuousmarianogalan23
 
Common errors midterm writing engl 101
Common errors midterm writing engl 101 Common errors midterm writing engl 101
Common errors midterm writing engl 101 marianogalan23
 
Gene Patenting Grammar Practice
Gene Patenting Grammar PracticeGene Patenting Grammar Practice
Gene Patenting Grammar Practicemarianogalan23
 

More from marianogalan23 (20)

The persuasive essay copy 2
The persuasive essay copy 2The persuasive essay copy 2
The persuasive essay copy 2
 
New nanotechnology quiz ppt
New nanotechnology quiz pptNew nanotechnology quiz ppt
New nanotechnology quiz ppt
 
Referencing mla style powerpoint
Referencing mla style powerpointReferencing mla style powerpoint
Referencing mla style powerpoint
 
The perfect aspect tenses a 2014
The perfect aspect tenses a 2014The perfect aspect tenses a 2014
The perfect aspect tenses a 2014
 
Presentations to impress 2
Presentations to impress 2Presentations to impress 2
Presentations to impress 2
 
Conditionals 312 copy
Conditionals 312 copyConditionals 312 copy
Conditionals 312 copy
 
Research & research report modified
Research & research report modifiedResearch & research report modified
Research & research report modified
 
The persuasive discourse day 7 (bigger fonts)
The persuasive discourse day 7 (bigger fonts)The persuasive discourse day 7 (bigger fonts)
The persuasive discourse day 7 (bigger fonts)
 
The persuasive discourse day 7
The persuasive discourse day 7The persuasive discourse day 7
The persuasive discourse day 7
 
Reading strategies
Reading strategiesReading strategies
Reading strategies
 
The persuasive speech
The persuasive speechThe persuasive speech
The persuasive speech
 
Gene patenting grammar practice copy 2
Gene patenting grammar practice copy 2Gene patenting grammar practice copy 2
Gene patenting grammar practice copy 2
 
Lazarillo de Tormes
Lazarillo de Tormes Lazarillo de Tormes
Lazarillo de Tormes
 
La novela pastoril copy studium
La novela pastoril copy studiumLa novela pastoril copy studium
La novela pastoril copy studium
 
Common errors diagnostic texts engl 102
Common errors diagnostic texts engl 102Common errors diagnostic texts engl 102
Common errors diagnostic texts engl 102
 
Los libros de caballerías clase 1 copy 1
Los libros de caballerías clase 1 copy 1Los libros de caballerías clase 1 copy 1
Los libros de caballerías clase 1 copy 1
 
Modals 212
Modals 212 Modals 212
Modals 212
 
Simple present and present continuous
Simple present and present continuousSimple present and present continuous
Simple present and present continuous
 
Common errors midterm writing engl 101
Common errors midterm writing engl 101 Common errors midterm writing engl 101
Common errors midterm writing engl 101
 
Gene Patenting Grammar Practice
Gene Patenting Grammar PracticeGene Patenting Grammar Practice
Gene Patenting Grammar Practice
 

212 the academic essay

  • 1. The Academic Essay Perspectives (Brent Davies, 2010)
  • 2. The Academic Essay The academic essay is a formal, structured piece of writing consisting of an introductory paragraph, a three-paragraph development and a concluding paragraph.
  • 4. The Academic Essay Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first- and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.) or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an academic essay.
  • 5. The Academic Essay Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first- and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.) or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an academic essay. 1) Writing in third person makes the essay seem less subjective.
  • 6. The Academic Essay Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first- and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.) or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an academic essay. 1) Writing in third person makes the essay seem less subjective. It is for these reasons that sometimes we cannot trust others we have met on the internet.
  • 7. The Academic Essay Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first- and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.) or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an academic essay. 1) Writing in third person makes the essay seem less subjective. Seems It is for these reasons that sometimes we cannot subjective trust others we have met on the internet.
  • 8. The Academic Essay Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first- and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.) or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an academic essay. 1) Writing in third person makes the essay seem less subjective. Seems It is for these reasons that sometimes we cannot subjective trust others we have met on the internet. It is for these reasons that internet users cannot trust others they have met on the internet.
  • 9. The Academic Essay Due to its formality, you may be asked not to use first- and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, your, our, etc.) or contractions (he’s, they’re, etc) when writing an academic essay. 1) Writing in third person makes the essay seem less subjective. Seems It is for these reasons that sometimes we cannot subjective trust others we have met on the internet. Seems more It is for these reasons that internet users objective cannot trust others they have met on the internet.
  • 11. The Academic Essay A title page, research and referencing may also be required.
  • 12. The Academic Essay A title page, research and referencing may also be required. For more information on research and referencing, see “Appendix A: Researching, Referencing and Revising.”
  • 13. Structure of the Academic Essay Three- Introductory Concluding Paragraph + Paragraph + Paragraph Development
  • 14. Structure of the Academic Essay Three- Introductory Concluding Paragraph + Paragraph + Paragraph Development
  • 15. Structure of the Academic Essay Three- Introductory Concluding Paragraph + Paragraph + Paragraph Development Grabber + Thesis Statement / preview statement
  • 16. Structure of the Academic Essay Three- Introductory Concluding Paragraph + Paragraph + Paragraph Development Grabber + Thesis Statement / preview statement
  • 17. Structure of the Academic Essay Three- Introductory Concluding Paragraph + Paragraph + Paragraph Development Grabber Paragraph + 1,2,3: Thesis Transition term Statement / + preview Controlling idea statement + Evidence
  • 18. Structure of the Academic Essay Three- Introductory Concluding Paragraph + Paragraph + Paragraph Development Grabber Paragraph + 1,2,3: Thesis Transition term Statement / + preview Controlling idea statement + Evidence
  • 19. Structure of the Academic Essay Three- Introductory Concluding Paragraph + Paragraph + Paragraph Development Grabber Paragraph + 1,2,3: Summary Thesis Transition term statement Statement / + + preview Controlling idea Clincher statement + Evidence
  • 21. The 4-S Test An effective essay is based on a subject that passes the 4-S test.
  • 22. The 4-S Test The subject must be: 1. Single
  • 23. The 4-S Test The subject must be: 1. Single An academic essay deals with one, and only one, subject. As a consequence, the thesis statement--upon which the entire essay is constructed--must express the writer’s opinion on one, and only one subject.
  • 24. The 4-S Test The subject must be: 2. Significant
  • 25. The 4-S Test The subject must be: 2. Significant An academic essay is written to be read. In an educational setting, the reader is typically your teacher and perhaps one or more of your classmates.Your teacher and your classmates deserve to read essays on meaningful subjects.
  • 26. The 4-S Test The subject must be: 3. Specific
  • 27. The 4-S Test The subject must be: 3. Specific Academic essays are brief. The more specific your thesis statement, the more justice you can do to the topic selected; for example, instead of writing about war, write about the internment of Japanese-Canadian citizens during World War II.
  • 28. The 4-S Test The subject must be: 4. Supportable
  • 29. The 4-S Test The subject must be: 4. Supportable An academic essay requires that you prove your point (your thesis). If you can’t support your thesis statement, change it.
  • 30. The Introductory Paragraph The first sentence of the introductory paragraph should grab the reader’s attention. Not surprisingly, this first sentence is often referred to as a grabber. Effective grabber techniques include (but are not limited to) using quotations definitions and facts.
  • 31. The Introductory Paragraph The introductory paragraph must end with a thesis statement, an affirmative statement that expresses the writer’s opinion about the subject of the essay, and may be followed by a list of two or three main points to be used to support your thesis. When the thesis statement is followed by a list of main points, it is referred to as a preview statement.
  • 32. Three-Paragraph development The first sentence of each paragraph in the development is the topic sentence of the paragraph. The topic sentence is the controlling idea of the paragraph. Each topic sentence begins with a transition term such as First, Second, and Third or To begin, To continue, and To finish and is backed up with evidence: statistics, expert opinion or example. Ideally, different types of evidence are used in the development.
  • 33. Transition Terms Transition terms lend coherence to a text, indicating relationships between ideas. Read the transition words on p.10
  • 34. Concluding Paragraph The first sentence of the concluding paragraph is a summary statement, a paraphrase of the thesis statement and topic sentences. The summary statement begins with a transition term such as To sum up, In summary,To conclude or In conclusion.
  • 35. Concluding Paragraph The last sentence of the concluding paragraph is the clincher, a technique used to encourage the reader to reflect upon the essay. Effective clincher techniques include (but are not limited to) connecting with the introduction, asking a rhetorical question (question for which no answer is expected or offering a suggestion.

Editor's Notes

  1. \n
  2. \n
  3. \n
  4. \n
  5. \n
  6. \n
  7. \n
  8. \n
  9. \n
  10. \n
  11. \n
  12. \n
  13. \n
  14. \n
  15. \n
  16. \n
  17. \n
  18. \n
  19. \n
  20. \n
  21. \n
  22. \n
  23. \n
  24. \n
  25. \n
  26. \n
  27. \n