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How Plants Make Their Own Food Through Photosynthesis
1.
2. PLANT NUTRITION
• 1. How Plants make their own food
• 2. How plants get nutrients
• 3. Photosyntesis
• 4. The distribution of elaborated sap
• 5. Plant respiration
• 6. Growth, movement and the perception of time.
3. 1. How plants make their own food
• Plants and animals are all living things, but
they obtain food in different ways.
• Animals eat other living things, but plants
make their own food.
4. 1. How plants make their own food.
• Plants need air, water and mineral salt to
make their food.
5. 1. How plants make their own food.
• They use sunlight as their source of energy.
• This process is called photosynthesis.
6. 1. How plants make their own food.
• All plants are Autotrophs. Autotrophs are
organisms that make their own food.
7. 2. How plants get nutrients.
• Water and mineral salts are very important for
plant nutrition.
• Mineral salts from the soil dissolve in water.
• Plants absorb water from the soil trough their
tiny root hairs.
8. 2. How plants get nutrients.
• The mixture of water and
mineral salts, called Raw
Sap, travels up the stem
to the leaves through long
tubes, called Xylem
Vessels.
• Carbon dioxide enters a
plant throught tiny pores
called Stomata, situated
on the underside of the
plant´s leaves.
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10. 3. Photosynthesis.
• Photosynthesis is a complex chemical process.
• It enables plants to manufacture food from
water, mineral salts, carbon dioxide and
sunlight.
11. 3. Photosynthesis.
• Chlorophyll is a green
substance which traps
sunlight.
• It is found in special
organelles called
chloroplasts which are
inside plant cells.
• Cholorophyll gives
plants their green
colour.
12. 3. Photosynthesis.
• Sunlight is essential for
photosynthesis, so the
process can only take place
during the day.
• In the leaves, the raw sap
mixes with carbon dioxide
and becomes elaborated
sap: the plant´s food.
• Plants release oxygen as a
waste product of
photosynthesis.
15. 4. The distribution of elaborated sap.
• Elaborated sap is made when
raw sap mixes with carbon
dioxide.
• This food is distributed from
the leaves to all parts of the
plant through tubes called
Phloem vessels.
• This distribution is very
important because
photosynthesis does not take
place in all parts of the plant.
• Phloem vessels are separated
from xylem vessels, so that
raw sap elaborated sap do not
mix.
17. 5. Plant Respiration.
• Plants need to breathe. They
take in oxygen from the air
and give off carbon dioxide.
• Plants combine oxygen with
nutrients to obtain energy.
This gas exchange is called
Respiration.
• During photosynthesis, the
opposite ocurs. Plants take in
carbon dioxide and give off
oxigen.
• However, plants produce more
oxygen than they can use. As a
result, forests are an
important source of oxygen.
19. 6. Growth, movement and the
perception of time.
• All plants have sensitivity: they react to
changes in the enviroment.
20. 6. Growth, movement and the
perception of time.
• Roots always grow downwards, and
stems always grow upwards, even if the
ground is sloping.
• Stems and leaves grow towards light.
• Vines, such as grapevines, wrap
themselves round a support and grow
along it.
• The mimosa plant is capable of rapid
movement: Its leaves close if you touch
it.
• Plants can distinguis the seasons by the
number of hours of daylight and
darkness. Days get longer and nights get
shorter in spring when plants normally
grow flowers.