SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 12
Chapter 5
Customer Value, Satisfaction
       and Loyalty


        Mark Angelo Reyes
           MARKMA
Customers –
marketing is the art of attracting and
   keeping profitable customers
Total Customer Benefit –
the actual benefits afforded by the product
      and/or service to the customer
Total Customer Cost -
   the monetary, time,
energy and psychological
 cost components of the
     product/service
Perceived Value - The total perceived value
  of the customers is determined by the
 difference of the Total Customer Benefit
         and Total Customer Cost
More Benefits than Costs –
Does the benefits out weight the
            costs?
Competitive Advantage –
Are the products/services
that you offer superior to
competitors/alternatives?
Customer Satisfaction –
   Analyze what the customer holds
important to make it easier to meet the
   requirements. Once met, there is
        customer satisfaction.
Customer Satisfaction –
      Quantifiable measurement
methodologies are available to monitor
 satisfaction levels of the customers.
Customer Loyalty –
 Customer satisfaction almost
  always leads to customer
     loyalty (Loyalty is a
commitment to repurchase or
   re-patronize a preferred
           product )
Profits –
with customer loyalty comes
      company profits
Total Customer      Total Customer
                          Benefit               Cost       Perceived Value




               More Benefits           Competitive          Customer
                than Costs              Advantage          Satisfaction




 Customer
Satisfaction      Customer Loyalty          Profits

More Related Content

What's hot

Relationship marketing
Relationship marketingRelationship marketing
Relationship marketingdeepu2000
 
Consumer Markets and Consumer Buyer Behavior
Consumer Markets and Consumer Buyer BehaviorConsumer Markets and Consumer Buyer Behavior
Consumer Markets and Consumer Buyer BehaviorMehmet Cihangir
 
Difference between indusrial marketing & consumer marketing
Difference between indusrial marketing & consumer marketingDifference between indusrial marketing & consumer marketing
Difference between indusrial marketing & consumer marketingDr. Chandra Shekhar Singh
 
Difference between selling concept and marketing concept
Difference between selling concept and marketing conceptDifference between selling concept and marketing concept
Difference between selling concept and marketing conceptRohan Byanjankar
 
Analyzing Business Market
Analyzing Business MarketAnalyzing Business Market
Analyzing Business MarketHuê Bùi Thị
 
Philip Kotler Chapter 1
Philip Kotler Chapter 1Philip Kotler Chapter 1
Philip Kotler Chapter 1Nataraj Pangal
 
Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty / Marketing Management BY ...
Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty / Marketing Management BY ...Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty / Marketing Management BY ...
Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty / Marketing Management BY ...Choudhry Asad
 
What is a company's orientation towards marketplace
What is a company's orientation towards marketplaceWhat is a company's orientation towards marketplace
What is a company's orientation towards marketplaceSameer Mathur
 
Designing persuasive communication
Designing persuasive communicationDesigning persuasive communication
Designing persuasive communicationchandrakhanthanj
 
Business Market and Business Buyer Behavior - Philip Kotler & Gary Armstrong ...
Business Market and Business Buyer Behavior - Philip Kotler & Gary Armstrong ...Business Market and Business Buyer Behavior - Philip Kotler & Gary Armstrong ...
Business Market and Business Buyer Behavior - Philip Kotler & Gary Armstrong ...MD Tamal
 
BRAND POSITIONING & VALUES
 BRAND POSITIONING & VALUES BRAND POSITIONING & VALUES
BRAND POSITIONING & VALUESAvinash Singh
 
Chapter 4 Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction, and Loyalty
Chapter 4 Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction, and LoyaltyChapter 4 Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction, and Loyalty
Chapter 4 Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction, and LoyaltyNishant Agrawal
 
DESIGNING MARKETING PROGRAMS TO BUILD BRAND EQUITY
 DESIGNING MARKETING PROGRAMS TO BUILD BRAND EQUITY DESIGNING MARKETING PROGRAMS TO BUILD BRAND EQUITY
DESIGNING MARKETING PROGRAMS TO BUILD BRAND EQUITYAvinash Singh
 
Designing and Managing Services
Designing and Managing ServicesDesigning and Managing Services
Designing and Managing ServicesSumit Pradhan
 
Pricing strategy
Pricing strategyPricing strategy
Pricing strategyparth79
 

What's hot (20)

Budget and comm.
Budget and comm.Budget and comm.
Budget and comm.
 
Sensory branding
Sensory brandingSensory branding
Sensory branding
 
Relationship marketing
Relationship marketingRelationship marketing
Relationship marketing
 
Consumer Markets and Consumer Buyer Behavior
Consumer Markets and Consumer Buyer BehaviorConsumer Markets and Consumer Buyer Behavior
Consumer Markets and Consumer Buyer Behavior
 
Difference between indusrial marketing & consumer marketing
Difference between indusrial marketing & consumer marketingDifference between indusrial marketing & consumer marketing
Difference between indusrial marketing & consumer marketing
 
Difference between selling concept and marketing concept
Difference between selling concept and marketing conceptDifference between selling concept and marketing concept
Difference between selling concept and marketing concept
 
Consumer Behavior
Consumer BehaviorConsumer Behavior
Consumer Behavior
 
Analyzing Business Market
Analyzing Business MarketAnalyzing Business Market
Analyzing Business Market
 
Philip Kotler Chapter 1
Philip Kotler Chapter 1Philip Kotler Chapter 1
Philip Kotler Chapter 1
 
Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty / Marketing Management BY ...
Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty / Marketing Management BY ...Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty / Marketing Management BY ...
Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty / Marketing Management BY ...
 
What is a company's orientation towards marketplace
What is a company's orientation towards marketplaceWhat is a company's orientation towards marketplace
What is a company's orientation towards marketplace
 
Designing persuasive communication
Designing persuasive communicationDesigning persuasive communication
Designing persuasive communication
 
Business Market and Business Buyer Behavior - Philip Kotler & Gary Armstrong ...
Business Market and Business Buyer Behavior - Philip Kotler & Gary Armstrong ...Business Market and Business Buyer Behavior - Philip Kotler & Gary Armstrong ...
Business Market and Business Buyer Behavior - Philip Kotler & Gary Armstrong ...
 
BRAND POSITIONING & VALUES
 BRAND POSITIONING & VALUES BRAND POSITIONING & VALUES
BRAND POSITIONING & VALUES
 
Chapter 4 Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction, and Loyalty
Chapter 4 Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction, and LoyaltyChapter 4 Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction, and Loyalty
Chapter 4 Creating Customer Value, Satisfaction, and Loyalty
 
DESIGNING MARKETING PROGRAMS TO BUILD BRAND EQUITY
 DESIGNING MARKETING PROGRAMS TO BUILD BRAND EQUITY DESIGNING MARKETING PROGRAMS TO BUILD BRAND EQUITY
DESIGNING MARKETING PROGRAMS TO BUILD BRAND EQUITY
 
Designing and Managing Services
Designing and Managing ServicesDesigning and Managing Services
Designing and Managing Services
 
Marketing communications
Marketing communicationsMarketing communications
Marketing communications
 
Pricing strategy
Pricing strategyPricing strategy
Pricing strategy
 
Kotler mm 14e_18_ippt
Kotler mm 14e_18_ipptKotler mm 14e_18_ippt
Kotler mm 14e_18_ippt
 

Similar to Chapter 5 Kotler Customer value, Satisfaction and Loyalty

Chapter5kotler 120913033639-phpapp02
Chapter5kotler 120913033639-phpapp02Chapter5kotler 120913033639-phpapp02
Chapter5kotler 120913033639-phpapp02Madhan8129
 
Marketing management
Marketing managementMarketing management
Marketing managementSlide Hub
 
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...Sameer Mathur
 
Creating customer value, satisfaction and loyalty
Creating customer value, satisfaction and loyalty Creating customer value, satisfaction and loyalty
Creating customer value, satisfaction and loyalty Muhammad Zeeshan Baloch
 
Customer Value group 1 Business Marketing ABM12
Customer Value group 1 Business Marketing ABM12Customer Value group 1 Business Marketing ABM12
Customer Value group 1 Business Marketing ABM12SADA210
 
Creating value, satisfaction, & loyalty.pdf
Creating value, satisfaction, & loyalty.pdfCreating value, satisfaction, & loyalty.pdf
Creating value, satisfaction, & loyalty.pdfAkashDebEvil
 
Marketing 101 chapter2 building customer satisfaction
Marketing 101 chapter2 building customer satisfactionMarketing 101 chapter2 building customer satisfaction
Marketing 101 chapter2 building customer satisfactionMarivic Macale
 
Group 5 (1)
Group 5 (1)Group 5 (1)
Group 5 (1)guna
 
Customer loyalty
Customer loyaltyCustomer loyalty
Customer loyaltyKunj Shah
 
Marketing notes
Marketing notesMarketing notes
Marketing notespodtrdfgc
 
Customer Satisfaction VS. Customer Retention
Customer Satisfaction VS. Customer RetentionCustomer Satisfaction VS. Customer Retention
Customer Satisfaction VS. Customer RetentionAhmad Heshmat
 
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...Sameer Mathur
 
What are customer value,satisfaction,loyalty and how can companies deliver th...
What are customer value,satisfaction,loyalty and how can companies deliver th...What are customer value,satisfaction,loyalty and how can companies deliver th...
What are customer value,satisfaction,loyalty and how can companies deliver th...Sameer Mathur
 
Customer value& satisfaction
Customer value& satisfactionCustomer value& satisfaction
Customer value& satisfactionSanal EK
 

Similar to Chapter 5 Kotler Customer value, Satisfaction and Loyalty (20)

Chapter5kotler 120913033639-phpapp02
Chapter5kotler 120913033639-phpapp02Chapter5kotler 120913033639-phpapp02
Chapter5kotler 120913033639-phpapp02
 
Designing loy
Designing loyDesigning loy
Designing loy
 
mm_delivering value
mm_delivering valuemm_delivering value
mm_delivering value
 
Marketing management
Marketing managementMarketing management
Marketing management
 
Latest ppt marketing
Latest ppt marketingLatest ppt marketing
Latest ppt marketing
 
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...
 
Creating customer value, satisfaction and loyalty
Creating customer value, satisfaction and loyalty Creating customer value, satisfaction and loyalty
Creating customer value, satisfaction and loyalty
 
Customer Value group 1 Business Marketing ABM12
Customer Value group 1 Business Marketing ABM12Customer Value group 1 Business Marketing ABM12
Customer Value group 1 Business Marketing ABM12
 
Creating value, satisfaction, & loyalty.pdf
Creating value, satisfaction, & loyalty.pdfCreating value, satisfaction, & loyalty.pdf
Creating value, satisfaction, & loyalty.pdf
 
Marketing 101 chapter2 building customer satisfaction
Marketing 101 chapter2 building customer satisfactionMarketing 101 chapter2 building customer satisfaction
Marketing 101 chapter2 building customer satisfaction
 
CRM_Module_2.pdf
CRM_Module_2.pdfCRM_Module_2.pdf
CRM_Module_2.pdf
 
Mm session3
Mm session3Mm session3
Mm session3
 
Group 5 (1)
Group 5 (1)Group 5 (1)
Group 5 (1)
 
Customer loyalty
Customer loyaltyCustomer loyalty
Customer loyalty
 
Concept of value and satisfaction
Concept of value and satisfactionConcept of value and satisfaction
Concept of value and satisfaction
 
Marketing notes
Marketing notesMarketing notes
Marketing notes
 
Customer Satisfaction VS. Customer Retention
Customer Satisfaction VS. Customer RetentionCustomer Satisfaction VS. Customer Retention
Customer Satisfaction VS. Customer Retention
 
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...
What are customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, and how can companies del...
 
What are customer value,satisfaction,loyalty and how can companies deliver th...
What are customer value,satisfaction,loyalty and how can companies deliver th...What are customer value,satisfaction,loyalty and how can companies deliver th...
What are customer value,satisfaction,loyalty and how can companies deliver th...
 
Customer value& satisfaction
Customer value& satisfactionCustomer value& satisfaction
Customer value& satisfaction
 

Recently uploaded

International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...
International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...
International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...ssuserf63bd7
 
Call Us 📲8800102216📞 Call Girls In DLF City Gurgaon
Call Us 📲8800102216📞 Call Girls In DLF City GurgaonCall Us 📲8800102216📞 Call Girls In DLF City Gurgaon
Call Us 📲8800102216📞 Call Girls In DLF City Gurgaoncallgirls2057
 
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 Edition
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 EditionMarket Sizes Sample Report - 2024 Edition
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 EditionMintel Group
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCRashishs7044
 
Fordham -How effective decision-making is within the IT department - Analysis...
Fordham -How effective decision-making is within the IT department - Analysis...Fordham -How effective decision-making is within the IT department - Analysis...
Fordham -How effective decision-making is within the IT department - Analysis...Peter Ward
 
Memorándum de Entendimiento (MoU) entre Codelco y SQM
Memorándum de Entendimiento (MoU) entre Codelco y SQMMemorándum de Entendimiento (MoU) entre Codelco y SQM
Memorándum de Entendimiento (MoU) entre Codelco y SQMVoces Mineras
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCRashishs7044
 
Youth Involvement in an Innovative Coconut Value Chain by Mwalimu Menza
Youth Involvement in an Innovative Coconut Value Chain by Mwalimu MenzaYouth Involvement in an Innovative Coconut Value Chain by Mwalimu Menza
Youth Involvement in an Innovative Coconut Value Chain by Mwalimu Menzaictsugar
 
Innovation Conference 5th March 2024.pdf
Innovation Conference 5th March 2024.pdfInnovation Conference 5th March 2024.pdf
Innovation Conference 5th March 2024.pdfrichard876048
 
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdf
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdfDigital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdf
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdfJos Voskuil
 
Annual General Meeting Presentation Slides
Annual General Meeting Presentation SlidesAnnual General Meeting Presentation Slides
Annual General Meeting Presentation SlidesKeppelCorporation
 
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal audit
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal auditChapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal audit
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal auditNhtLNguyn9
 
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03DallasHaselhorst
 
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdfNewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdfKhaled Al Awadi
 
APRIL2024_UKRAINE_xml_0000000000000 .pdf
APRIL2024_UKRAINE_xml_0000000000000 .pdfAPRIL2024_UKRAINE_xml_0000000000000 .pdf
APRIL2024_UKRAINE_xml_0000000000000 .pdfRbc Rbcua
 
Cyber Security Training in Office Environment
Cyber Security Training in Office EnvironmentCyber Security Training in Office Environment
Cyber Security Training in Office Environmentelijahj01012
 
Church Building Grants To Assist With New Construction, Additions, And Restor...
Church Building Grants To Assist With New Construction, Additions, And Restor...Church Building Grants To Assist With New Construction, Additions, And Restor...
Church Building Grants To Assist With New Construction, Additions, And Restor...Americas Got Grants
 
Marketplace and Quality Assurance Presentation - Vincent Chirchir
Marketplace and Quality Assurance Presentation - Vincent ChirchirMarketplace and Quality Assurance Presentation - Vincent Chirchir
Marketplace and Quality Assurance Presentation - Vincent Chirchirictsugar
 

Recently uploaded (20)

International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...
International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...
International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...
 
Call Us 📲8800102216📞 Call Girls In DLF City Gurgaon
Call Us 📲8800102216📞 Call Girls In DLF City GurgaonCall Us 📲8800102216📞 Call Girls In DLF City Gurgaon
Call Us 📲8800102216📞 Call Girls In DLF City Gurgaon
 
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 Edition
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 EditionMarket Sizes Sample Report - 2024 Edition
Market Sizes Sample Report - 2024 Edition
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Kotla Mubarakpur Delhi NCR
 
Fordham -How effective decision-making is within the IT department - Analysis...
Fordham -How effective decision-making is within the IT department - Analysis...Fordham -How effective decision-making is within the IT department - Analysis...
Fordham -How effective decision-making is within the IT department - Analysis...
 
Memorándum de Entendimiento (MoU) entre Codelco y SQM
Memorándum de Entendimiento (MoU) entre Codelco y SQMMemorándum de Entendimiento (MoU) entre Codelco y SQM
Memorándum de Entendimiento (MoU) entre Codelco y SQM
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Saket Delhi NCR
 
Youth Involvement in an Innovative Coconut Value Chain by Mwalimu Menza
Youth Involvement in an Innovative Coconut Value Chain by Mwalimu MenzaYouth Involvement in an Innovative Coconut Value Chain by Mwalimu Menza
Youth Involvement in an Innovative Coconut Value Chain by Mwalimu Menza
 
Innovation Conference 5th March 2024.pdf
Innovation Conference 5th March 2024.pdfInnovation Conference 5th March 2024.pdf
Innovation Conference 5th March 2024.pdf
 
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdf
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdfDigital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdf
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdf
 
Annual General Meeting Presentation Slides
Annual General Meeting Presentation SlidesAnnual General Meeting Presentation Slides
Annual General Meeting Presentation Slides
 
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal audit
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal auditChapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal audit
Chapter 9 PPT 4th edition.pdf internal audit
 
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03
 
Enjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 18 Noida Escorts Delhi NCR
Enjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 18 Noida Escorts Delhi NCREnjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 18 Noida Escorts Delhi NCR
Enjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 18 Noida Escorts Delhi NCR
 
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdfNewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
 
APRIL2024_UKRAINE_xml_0000000000000 .pdf
APRIL2024_UKRAINE_xml_0000000000000 .pdfAPRIL2024_UKRAINE_xml_0000000000000 .pdf
APRIL2024_UKRAINE_xml_0000000000000 .pdf
 
Cyber Security Training in Office Environment
Cyber Security Training in Office EnvironmentCyber Security Training in Office Environment
Cyber Security Training in Office Environment
 
Church Building Grants To Assist With New Construction, Additions, And Restor...
Church Building Grants To Assist With New Construction, Additions, And Restor...Church Building Grants To Assist With New Construction, Additions, And Restor...
Church Building Grants To Assist With New Construction, Additions, And Restor...
 
Marketplace and Quality Assurance Presentation - Vincent Chirchir
Marketplace and Quality Assurance Presentation - Vincent ChirchirMarketplace and Quality Assurance Presentation - Vincent Chirchir
Marketplace and Quality Assurance Presentation - Vincent Chirchir
 
No-1 Call Girls In Goa 93193 VIP 73153 Escort service In North Goa Panaji, Ca...
No-1 Call Girls In Goa 93193 VIP 73153 Escort service In North Goa Panaji, Ca...No-1 Call Girls In Goa 93193 VIP 73153 Escort service In North Goa Panaji, Ca...
No-1 Call Girls In Goa 93193 VIP 73153 Escort service In North Goa Panaji, Ca...
 

Chapter 5 Kotler Customer value, Satisfaction and Loyalty

  • 1. Chapter 5 Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty Mark Angelo Reyes MARKMA
  • 2. Customers – marketing is the art of attracting and keeping profitable customers
  • 3. Total Customer Benefit – the actual benefits afforded by the product and/or service to the customer
  • 4. Total Customer Cost - the monetary, time, energy and psychological cost components of the product/service
  • 5. Perceived Value - The total perceived value of the customers is determined by the difference of the Total Customer Benefit and Total Customer Cost
  • 6. More Benefits than Costs – Does the benefits out weight the costs?
  • 7. Competitive Advantage – Are the products/services that you offer superior to competitors/alternatives?
  • 8. Customer Satisfaction – Analyze what the customer holds important to make it easier to meet the requirements. Once met, there is customer satisfaction.
  • 9. Customer Satisfaction – Quantifiable measurement methodologies are available to monitor satisfaction levels of the customers.
  • 10. Customer Loyalty – Customer satisfaction almost always leads to customer loyalty (Loyalty is a commitment to repurchase or re-patronize a preferred product )
  • 11. Profits – with customer loyalty comes company profits
  • 12. Total Customer Total Customer Benefit Cost Perceived Value More Benefits Competitive Customer than Costs Advantage Satisfaction Customer Satisfaction Customer Loyalty Profits