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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cloud Computing: What, Why and How
This presentation reflects my own view on cloud computing and does not necessarily represent Oracle’s cloud computing strategy.  To understand Oracle’s cloud computing strategy, please see various Oracle Open World 2010 presentations available at www.oracle.com/rednetwork
Why
Rationale for Cloud Computing: Application Developer Perspective ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rationale for Cloud Computing: Quality Assurance Perspective ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rationale for Cloud Computing: Enterprise Perspective ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rationale for Cloud Computing: Enterprise Perspective Source: “An SME perspective on Cloud Computing, a Survey”, The European Network and Information Security Agency, Nov, 2009
Rationale for Cloud Computing: IT Perspective ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hosting Alone is Not Cloud Computing
What
NIST Definition of Cloud Computing ,[object Object],Source:  NIST Definition of Cloud Computing v15   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cloud Computing Characteristics: On-Demand Self-Service ,[object Object]
Cloud Computing Characteristics: Broad Network Access ,[object Object],Wireless WAN LAN Etc. HTTP TCP/IP UDP Etc. REST Web Service DAV IMAP Etc.
Cloud Computing Characteristics: Resource Pooling ,[object Object]
Cloud Computing Characteristics: Rapid Elasticity ,[object Object],Enterprise 1 Cluster 1 Enterprise 2 Cluster 2
Cloud Computing Characteristics: Measured Service ,[object Object]
Cloud Computing Service Models: Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) ,[object Object],Examples
Cloud Computing Service Models: Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) ,[object Object],Examples Elastic Beanstalk (beta)
Cloud Computing Service Models: Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) ,[object Object],Examples Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
Cloud Computing Deployment Models ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cloud Computing Deployment Models:  Public Clouds and Private Clouds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Public Clouds IaaS PaaS SaaS I N T R A N E T Private Cloud IaaS PaaS SaaS I N T E R N E T Enterprises will adopt a mix of public and private clouds Source:“Enterprise Cloud Computing: What, Why and How” by Rex Wang, Oracle Lower  upfront  costs Outsourced management OpEx Lower  total  costs Greater control over security, compliance, QoS CapEx & OpEx Trade-offs IaaS PaaS IaaS PaaS Apps SaaS
Datacenter Evolution From Consolidation to Private Cloud Private Cloud ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],App2 App3 Private IaaS Private PaaS App1 Silo’ d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],App1 App2 App3 Grid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],App1 App2 App3 Private IaaS Private PaaS Consolidate Standardize
Evolution of Private and Public Clouds Private Cloud Evolution Silo’d Grid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],App1 App2 App3 App1 App2 App3 Private IaaS Private PaaS Consolidate Standardize Hybrid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],App1 App2 App3 Private IaaS Private PaaS Virtual Private Cloud Hybrid PaaS SaaS IaaS Private Cloud ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],App2 App3 Private IaaS Private PaaS App1 Public Clouds PaaS SaaS IaaS Public Cloud Evolution ASP ISP MSP ISV CSP/ Telcos
How The Technologies Behind the Cloud
Technologies Behind the Cloud: Resource Pooling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Server Virtualization and Clustering Deliver Resource Pooling and Elastic Scalability Both server virtualization and clustering are key technologies for cloud Single Physical Resource Consumers Multiple Virtual Resources Server Virtualization Make one physical resource look like many Virtualization Software Clustering Software Consumers Multiple Physical Resources Clustering Make many physical resource look like one Single Virtual Resource
Xen Paravirtulization
 
Rationale for Virtualization App1 App1 App2 App2 Free Free Free Free Before Virtualization: 2 physical machines for App1, 2 for App2 (why 2?) After Virtualization: 3 physical machines each hosting App1, App2 on VM  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],OS OS OS OS HOS/VMM VM1 GOS1 GOS2 VM2 HOS/VMM VM1 GOS1 GOS2 VM2 HOS/VMM VM1 GOS1 GOS2 VM2
Technologies Behind the Cloud: Rapid Elasticity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cloud Reference Architecture
Taxonomy for Cloud Computing Source: Cloud Computing Use Cases White Paper V2,  Cloud Computing Use Case Discussion Group http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Build Time vs. Run Time Perspectives Need to Separate Development / Operations Horizons BUILD TIME RUN TIME Source “Enterprise Cloud Computing: What, Why and How” by Rex Wang, Oracle Process Modeling, Simulation  and Documentation Deployment Engineering Cloud Monitoring and Metrics Service Identification & Discovery End Users Application Owner Service Developer Service Deployer Cloud Operator Cloud Builder
Example of Build vs. Run Time 1. Set Up Cloud 2. Build App 3. Use App 4. Manage App BUILD TIME RUN TIME Set up Cloud Platform Set up self-service portal Set up shared components Dept App Build app using shared components IT App Developer Deploy using self service App Users App Owner Manage Adjust Capacity Review Charge-back Use app Self-Service Interface Shared Components Application Server Integration / SOA BPM Portal Security & Identity  System Manager Database Operating System,Virtualization,Server,Storage Cloud Platform
Complete Cloud Lifecycle Management Setup Cloud Infrastructure Build App & Package as Appliance Setup Cloud Policies Deploy Scale Up/Down Decommission Monitor Patch
Is it Real?
Do You Provide or Use Internal or Private Clouds? Source: IOUG ResearchWire member study on Cloud Computing, conducted in August-September 2010. 28.6% 28.6% of respondents have internal or private clouds today Yes, in production at scale 11.3% Yes, in limited use 12.8% Yes, in pilot stage 4.5% Preliminary planning 4.9% Under consideration 10.5% No 47.4% Don ’t know/unsure 8.7%
What Type of Private Platform and Infrastructure Cloud Services Is Your Company Providing? Source: IOUG ResearchWire member study on Cloud Computing, conducted in August-September 2010. Most popular: App Server as a service Database as a service PaaS IaaS Application server platform as a service 24.7% Database platform as a service 21.4% Identity as a service 4.7% Compute as a service 10.2% Storage as a service 18.1% Software development and test as a service 14.9% Don ’t know/unsure 20.5% None 37.2%
Cloud Computing Challenges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A Q &

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Cloud computing What Why How

  • 1.
  • 2. This presentation reflects my own view on cloud computing and does not necessarily represent Oracle’s cloud computing strategy. To understand Oracle’s cloud computing strategy, please see various Oracle Open World 2010 presentations available at www.oracle.com/rednetwork
  • 3. Why
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Rationale for Cloud Computing: Enterprise Perspective Source: “An SME perspective on Cloud Computing, a Survey”, The European Network and Information Security Agency, Nov, 2009
  • 8.
  • 9. Hosting Alone is Not Cloud Computing
  • 10. What
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24. How The Technologies Behind the Cloud
  • 25.
  • 26. Server Virtualization and Clustering Deliver Resource Pooling and Elastic Scalability Both server virtualization and clustering are key technologies for cloud Single Physical Resource Consumers Multiple Virtual Resources Server Virtualization Make one physical resource look like many Virtualization Software Clustering Software Consumers Multiple Physical Resources Clustering Make many physical resource look like one Single Virtual Resource
  • 28.  
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 32. Taxonomy for Cloud Computing Source: Cloud Computing Use Cases White Paper V2, Cloud Computing Use Case Discussion Group http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
  • 33. Build Time vs. Run Time Perspectives Need to Separate Development / Operations Horizons BUILD TIME RUN TIME Source “Enterprise Cloud Computing: What, Why and How” by Rex Wang, Oracle Process Modeling, Simulation and Documentation Deployment Engineering Cloud Monitoring and Metrics Service Identification & Discovery End Users Application Owner Service Developer Service Deployer Cloud Operator Cloud Builder
  • 34. Example of Build vs. Run Time 1. Set Up Cloud 2. Build App 3. Use App 4. Manage App BUILD TIME RUN TIME Set up Cloud Platform Set up self-service portal Set up shared components Dept App Build app using shared components IT App Developer Deploy using self service App Users App Owner Manage Adjust Capacity Review Charge-back Use app Self-Service Interface Shared Components Application Server Integration / SOA BPM Portal Security & Identity System Manager Database Operating System,Virtualization,Server,Storage Cloud Platform
  • 35. Complete Cloud Lifecycle Management Setup Cloud Infrastructure Build App & Package as Appliance Setup Cloud Policies Deploy Scale Up/Down Decommission Monitor Patch
  • 37. Do You Provide or Use Internal or Private Clouds? Source: IOUG ResearchWire member study on Cloud Computing, conducted in August-September 2010. 28.6% 28.6% of respondents have internal or private clouds today Yes, in production at scale 11.3% Yes, in limited use 12.8% Yes, in pilot stage 4.5% Preliminary planning 4.9% Under consideration 10.5% No 47.4% Don ’t know/unsure 8.7%
  • 38. What Type of Private Platform and Infrastructure Cloud Services Is Your Company Providing? Source: IOUG ResearchWire member study on Cloud Computing, conducted in August-September 2010. Most popular: App Server as a service Database as a service PaaS IaaS Application server platform as a service 24.7% Database platform as a service 21.4% Identity as a service 4.7% Compute as a service 10.2% Storage as a service 18.1% Software development and test as a service 14.9% Don ’t know/unsure 20.5% None 37.2%
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41. A Q &

Editor's Notes

  1. Why do we need Cloud Computing?
  2. If you are developing a simple app, implementing an algorithm to analyze a given data series, then you probably won’t need too much HW or SW resources. However, if your app has to use a database, and/or needs to access an LDAP directory, and/or interact with cellular wireless network access point, etc., then your development environment HW+SW cost could go up substantially. For a large enterprise, the data center run by the IT department can host the development environment with a charge back to the department that is developing the app. For Small and Medium Businesses (SMB) the data center and IT staff may not make economical sense and hosted development environment may be the most cost-effective solution.
  3. All mission critical enterprise applications have to meet certain usability criteria such as response time and availability including recovery from disaster (e.g., the entire data center becomes inoperable due to a disaster). Testing to make sure that these usability metrics are satisfied requires simulating the workload and various faults, which in turn requires a lot of hardware and software that may not make sense for Small and medium businesses.
  4. If the enterprise application is deployed in its own data center, then the cost of hardware, software, and IT personnel could become very high. This may not be cost-effective for SMBs.
  5. “ Server utilization, especially in x86 environments, is often at the low end of the performance range, averaging between 7% and 15% in many organizations today.  One of the key drivers for virtualization has been to improve these performance levels, driving servers up towards 60%-70% average utilization” -- Data Center Efficiency – Beyond PUE and DCiE, by Dave Cappuccio, February 15, 2009, Gartner.
  6. What is Cloud Computing?
  7. One of the areas of confusion is the definition of Cloud Computing. There are many definitions of Cloud Computing out there. Here is one of them that seems to represent the most commonly held view. It’s from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and seems to be gaining in popularity, not only in the US, but also the rest of the world as well. The definition is essentially about “on-demand access to a shared pool of computing resources.” Breaking it down, cloud computing is composed of: 5 essential characteristics 3 service models 4 deployment models The 5 essential characteristics are key: On demand self-service – provisioning, monitoring, management control Broad network access – typically means access through a browser on any networked device Resource pooling – implies sharing and a level of abstraction between consumers and services Rapid elasticity – the ability to quickly scale up/down as needed Measured service – metering utilization for either internal chargeback (private cloud) or external billing (public cloud) I’ll cover the 5 characteristics, 3 service models and 4 deployment models on the next few slides.
  8. This slide has animations/builds. We believe that enterprises are on a JOURNEY to cloud computing. Most will EVOLVE their current IT infrastructure to become more “cloud-like” – to become a better internal service provider to the lines of business, BUs, departments – to provide greater agility and responsiveness to business needs, higher quality of service in terms of latency & availability, and lower costs and higher utilization. This evolution will take time. Not only is the available technology evolving and advancing, but enterprises are also working on the new policies and processes needed. In many cases, the technical building blocks for cloud computing are available in advance of enterprise readiness, so we think that enterprises will evolve towards the right at different rates. The first step that many enterprises are taking is to move from a “Silo’ed” environment to a “Grid” or virtualized environment –moving from a dedicated, rigid, physical structure for each application to a virtual environment with shared services, dynamic provisioning and standardized configurations or appliances. This trend is very strong right now. Many enterprises are leveraging Grid and virtualization technologies to consolidate and reduce costs. [CLICK] From here, enterprises can evolve to a self-service and pay-per-use environment, similar to how Amazon works. A user goes to the employee portal, signs in, makes a request for a virtual machine(s) with a certain amount of CPU, memory and disk, picks a VM image for database or middleware, then clicks “submit.” If that employee’s role and entitlements allow him to have that amount of IT resource, then it auto-magically gets provisioned without an IT person being involved. If not, perhaps his request gets routed to his manager and/or IT for workflow approval. In 10 minutes, they are up and running with a full “private PaaS.” After he deploys the app, the system has policy-based resource management to automatically make capacity adjustments, and the employee’s business unit gets an internal charge every month based on how much IT resources they consumed. To make all that happen, the enterprise must have policies and processes defined, and the technology must be able to support it.
  9. Why do we need Cloud Computing?
  10. Before Virtualization: Two physical machines for App1 and two for App2 (why do we need 2?). Each using less than half of the compute resources. After Virtulization: Three physical machines each running both App1 and App2. These apps are isolated by virtualization technology and can run on different OS/platforms and can listen on the same port. The availability characteristic is also better (why?)
  11. Now lets take a look at the new world of platform environments – PaaS. The new PaaS lifecycle has four macro-level steps. First, the central IT function sets up the cloud platform, starting with out-of-the-box cloud platform and creating the enterprise-specific shared components and self-service interface. Once the basic platform is up and running, the application developers within the enterprise’s departments can set up their respective applications. Again, depending on the nature of the domain and enterprise, this may involve fairly simple application composition using platform components, or it may involve a substantial amount of custom application development. Once an application has been deployed on the platform, the third step is simply the use of the application. From the application users’ perspective, the application is no different from any other network/Web-based application they would use within the enterprise—there is nothing special about the fact that it’s running on a cloud platform as far as they are concerned. Finally, there is of course ongoing administration of the application, which is carried out by the application owners. Depending on the nature of the applications, the application owners will carry out some amount of user administration, such as adding and removing users or other high-level functions specific to the application. Application owner is also concerned with lower-level issues such as whether the application is resourced appropriately, is meeting its service-level agreements (SLAs), etc. One of the goals in setting up shared infrastructure in general and private cloud in particular is to exploit as many economies of scale and opportunities for efficiency as possible. Among these is the opportunity to automate dynamic resource allocation and optimization, enabling the elastic capacity that characterizes cloud. This also enables the continuously high responsiveness demanded by users irrespective of load and minimizes manual intervention.
  12. Why do we need Cloud Computing?