Second Language Acquisition Theory dealing with immersing oneself in another's culture in order to learn the language

1. Acculturation
Theory
Megan D.

2. Acculturation Theory
•Proposed by John H. Schumann, American Linguist
Defined as:
•Exchange of cultural
features when two or more
different cultures comes in
contact continuous contact
•Sharing of the differences in
cultures, this may alter or
change a culture but still
remains distinct from each
other.

3. Social Factors
Integration
Pattern
Cultural
Congruence
Schumann’s
Acculturation
Model
Enclosure
Cohesiveness
Size
A
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Social
Dominance
Attitude
Intended
Length of
Residence

4. Social Dominance
Social Dominance is simply
defined as one culture is on a
higher hierarchy. The much
superior hierarchy greatly
influences the much inferior
culture.
e.g. Spain is more dominant

5. A Culture
or a Nation
is
considered
a much
more
superior

6. Integration Pattern
Assimilation
Preservation
Adaptation
The culture
gives up its own
lifestyle to
adapt to the
culture
(Language) it
wants to learn.
This strategy
maintains its
own lifestyle
and rejects the
target group’s
language
acquisition.
It creates a rift
between the
two groups
making the
acquisition of
the target
This strategy
adapts the
target group’s
lifestyle and
language but
also maintaining
its own
lifestyle and
values.
It maximizes the
contact
between the
cultures and
enhances the
This strategy
yields varied
degrees of

7. Assimilation

8. 哎
Preservation

9. Adaptation

10. Enclosure
Degree of sharing cultural construction (school, church, clubs,
facilities, trades, profession, etc.)
High
Enclosure
The two groups
have their own
social
constructs
making the
acquisition of
Low Enclosure
The two groups
shares the social
constructs,
therefore,
making the
acquisition of the
second language
easier and more

12. Cohesive
Size
If the secondlanguage learning
group is firm or
cohesive the
members tends to
separate itself to
the target language
group. This makes
Second Language
Acquisition harder
to accomplish.
A large
population of
the secondLanguage
learning group
then it makes
language
acquisition more
difficult.
Conflicts may
emerge between

14. Cultural
Congruence
Congruence is the similarity
between the two groups.
If the two groups are similar
then second-language
acquisition is easier for the
language-learning group to
grasp the target language.

15. 한국어?
中国人吗？
日本？
한국어?
中国人吗？
日本？
한국어?
中国人吗？
日本？

16. Attitude
If the Target Group and the
Language-Learning group have
positive attitudes towards
each other, there would be
less barriers between the two
groups from learning the
target language.

17. 노력!

18. Intended Length of Residence
If the Second-Language
Learning group intends to
stay in the target
language are for a longer
time, it is likely for them
to learn the language
intensively. A lengthy stay
would promote Second

20. P
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Language
Shock
F
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Culture
Shock
Motivation
EgoPermeability
A
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21. Language Shock
Stengal states that second
Language Acquisition is harder on
adults since adult are conscious
with what message they want to
convey. Language acquisition is
much more ideal for children
since children does not fear
saying sentences or words
incorrectly. An adult would
much prefer the use of his native
language if he has that option.

22. ?

23. Culture Shock
Culture shock is felt by a
person when he/ she
encounters a different
culture for the first time.
This mental state requires
the person to spend greater
energy in coping up with
his/her new environment.
And this affects the person’s

24. When I
Shoc
Went to
When I
ked
America
I’m
saw
…
Drag Queens!

26. Motivation
Motivation involves the second
language learner’s reason to
comprehend
Integrative
Instrumental
Motivation
Motivation
The secondThe secondlanguage learner is
language
learning the
learner is
language in order
learning the
to meet with, talk
to, learn from or
language because
find out about the
he/ she needs/ is
target language. It
required to
is usually borne out
learn it.
Researched by Gardner and Lambert
of admiration for

28. Ego-Permeability
Guiora explains that gaining a
native-like pronunciation of a
second language is called
‘Language Ego’. As a child this
language ego is permeable;
therefore, as a child learns a
second language, he is more
likely to pronounce the words
properly. But if an adult learns
a second language his
pronunciation is firm and rigid

30. http://sitiumasitah.blogspot.com/20
07/12/theories-of-second-languageacquisition.html
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/ab920
e6b561252d380eb6e79.html