![Edwards syndrome (also known as trisomy
18 [T18]) is a chromosomal disorder caused by
the presence of all, or part of, an extra 18th
chromosome. This genetic condition almost
always results
from nondisjunction during meiosis. It is named
after John Hilton Edwards, who first described
the syndrome in 1960. It is the second-most
common autosomal trisomy, after Down
syndrome, that carries to term.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Edward’s syndrome (trisomy 18)
- 2. Edwards syndrome (also known as trisomy 18 [T18]) is a chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of all, or part of, an extra 18th chromosome. This genetic condition almost always results from nondisjunction during meiosis. It is named after John Hilton Edwards, who first described the syndrome in 1960. It is the second-most common autosomal trisomy, after Down syndrome, that carries to term.
- 3. LANE, FULL TRISOMY 18 AT 5 YEARS & 8 MONTHS OLD, HAVING A SIT DOWN CHAT WITH MOMMY.
- 5. CHARACTERISTICS kidney malformations structural heart defect at birth (i.e. ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus intestines protruding outside the body (omphalocele) esophageal atresia intellectual disability breathing difficulties arthrogryposis (a muscle disorder that causes multiple joint contractures at birth).
- 6. PHYSICAL MALFORMATIONS small head (microcephaly) accompanied by a prominent back portion of the head (occiput) low set, malformed ears abnormally small jaw (micrognathia) cleft lip/cleft palate upturned nose narrow eyelid folds (palpebral fissures)
- 7. In utero, the most common characteristic is cardiac anomalies, followed by central nervous system anomalies such as head shape abnormalities. The most common intracranial anomaly is the presence of choroid plexus cysts, which are pockets of fluid on the brain. These are not problematic in themselves, but their presence may be a marker for trisomy 18. Sometimes, excess amniotic fluid or polyhydramnios is exhibited.
- 8. 3 TYPES OF TRISOMY 18 Full Trisomy 18: The most common type of Trisomy 18 (occurring in about 95% of all cases) is full Trisomy. With full Trisomy, the extra chromosome occurs in every cell in the baby's body. This type of trisomy is not hereditary. It is not due to anything the parents did or did not do—either before or during pregnancy. Partial Trisomy 18: Partial trisomies are very rare. They occur when only part of an extra chromosome is present. Some partial Trisomy 18 syndromes may be caused by hereditary factors. Very rarely, a piece of chromosome 18 becomes attached to another chromosome before or after conception. Affected people have two copies of chromosome 18, plus a "partial" piece of extra material from chromosome 18. Mosaic Trisomy 18: Mosaic trisomy is also very rare. It occurs when the extra chromosome is present in some (but not all) of the cells of the body. Like full Trisomy 18, mosaic Trisomy is not inherited and is a random occurrence that takes place during cell division.
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