Climate is the characteristic condition of the atmosphere near the earth's surface at a certain place on earth. It is the long-term weather of that area (at least 30 years). This includes the region's general pattern of weather conditions, seasons and weather extremes like hurricanes, droughts, or rainy periods.

1. ClimateZones
by:
Prof Liwayway Memije-Cruz

2. Climateand Biomes
 Climate is the characteristic condition of the atmosphere
near the earth's surface at a certain place on earth. It is the
long-term weather of that area (at least 30 years). This
includes the region's general pattern of weather conditions,
seasons and weather extremes like hurricanes, droughts, or
rainy periods. Two of the most important factors determining
an area's climate are air temperature and precipitation.
 World biomes are controlled by climate. The climate of a
region will determine what plants will grow there, and what
animals will inhabit it. All three components, climate, plants
and animals are interwoven to create the fabric of a biome.

3. World Climates

4. The Köppen Climate Classification System
is the most widespread system used to classify the climates of places
on our planet. The system was developed German climatologist and
amateur botanist Wladimir Köppen (1846-1940) who divided the world's
climates into several major categories based upon general temperature
profile related to latitude.

5. TheKöppen system classifiesalocation’sclimatemainly using
annual and monthly averagesof temperatureand precipitation.

6. Latitudeand Longitude

7. Major Köppen ClimateCategories

8. Tropical Moist Climates:
Thesearevery warm
climatesfound in the
tropicsthat experiencehigh
quantitiesof precipitation.
Theprimary distinguishing
characteristic of these
climatesisall monthshave
averagetemperaturesabove
18°C (64°F).

9. Countrieswith Tropical Moist Climates
Amazon River Basin (South America), Congo River Basin (Africa),
eastern coast of Central America, eastern coast of Brazil, the
Philippines, coast of Madagascar, eastern India, southern
Bangladesh, Malaysia, and Indonesia.

10. Dry Climates
Theseareclimatesthat
experiencelittle
precipitation during
most of theyear.
Further, potential losses
of water from
evaporation and
transpiration greatly
exceed atmospheric
input.

11. Location: Dry Climates
From theCaspian Seaeastward to northern China, Mongolia,
and partsof southern South America.

12. Moist Mid –latitudeClimateswith Mild Winters
In theseclimates,
summer temperaturesare
warm to hot and winters
aremild. Theprimary
distinguishing
characteristic of these
climatesisthecoldest
month hasan average
temperaturebetween
18°C (64°F) and -3°C
(27°F).

13. Location: Moist Mid –latitudeClimateswith
Mild Winters
Southeastern United States, northern Argentina,
Uruguay, southern Brazil, southern Japan, and southern
China.

14. Moist Mid –latitudeClimateswith Cold
Winters
In these climates,
summer temperatures are
warm and winters are
cold. The primary
distinguishing
characteristic of these
climates is the average
temperature of warmest
month exceeds 10°C
(50°F), and average
temperature of coldest is
below -3°C (27°F).

15. Location: Moist Mid –latitudeClimateswith
Cold Winters
northeastern and mid-western United States, east-central
Europe, northern China, and northern Korea.

16. Polar Climates
Theseclimateshavevery
cold wintersand
summers, with no real
summer season. The
primary distinguishing
characteristic of these
climatesisthewarmest
month hasan average
temperaturebelow 10°C
(50°F).

17. Location: Polar Climates
Regionsin North America, Greenland, and Eurasiathat border
theArctic Ocean, Antarctic Peninsula, and many polar islands.

18. Highland Climates
Theseareclimatesthat
arestrongly influenced
by theeffectsof
altitude. Asaresult, the
climateof such
locationsisrather
different from places
with low elevationsat
similar latitudes.

19. Location: Highland Climates
Rocky Mountain Rangein North America, theAndean mountain rangein
South America, theAlpsin Europe, Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa, the
Himalayansin Tibet, Mt. Fuji in Japan.

20. Thank You!