More Related Content Similar to User Interface Prototyping - Low- and High-Fidelity Prototyping Today (20) More from Thomas Memmel (14) User Interface Prototyping - Low- and High-Fidelity Prototyping Today2. Why UI Prototyping?
A picture is worth a thousand words
«If I can't picture it, I can't understand it.»
- Albert Einstein
20. Mai 2011 Folie 2 © Zühlke 2011
3. Why UI Prototyping?
Beyond Text-Based Requirements & Specifications
• Text has limited expressivity
with regards to human-
computer interaction
• Tons of paper make needs &
requirements intransparent
• Extensive documents cause
people do not see the wood
for the trees
• Consequences of needs &
requirements are not realized
until they can be experienced
• UX does usually not originate
from hundreds of pages of text
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 3 © Zühlke 2011
4. Why UI Prototyping?
Prototyping-Driven Human-Centered Software Engineering
• Translate requirements into
usable interactive systems
• Visualize ideas in front of
users and stakeholders
• Consider alternate designs
• Avoid premature decision
making
• Make the impact of changes to
requirements obvious
• Usability-test requirements
before the get implemented
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 4 © Zühlke 2011
5. Why UI Prototyping?
See and interactions before they are built
• Take care of usabiliy
concerns up-front
• Avoid «firefighter-usability»
activities late in the process
• Don’t loose time discussing
intangible requirements
• See and interact with
applications before they are
built
• Visualize and change
requirements as long as it is
cheap and easy
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 5 © Zühlke 2011
6. UI Prototyping Tools
Low- & High-Fidelity Prototyping Today
Part I: Low-Fidelity Prototyping
• Paper Prototyping
• Balsamiq Mockups & iMockups
Part II: High-Fidelity Prototyping
• Axure Pro 6
• Microsoft Expression Blend
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 6 © Zühlke 2011
8. Low-Fidelity Prototyping
Overview
Typical Goals
• Gather (initial) Requirements Sketch the
UI
• Communicate with Stakeholders
Focus is on Users, Context of Use, Flow of Events
Discuss,
Supplementary Methods, e.g. Workshops, Interviews Analyze
Sketch Wireframe Storyboard
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UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 8 © Zühlke 2011
9. Low-Fidelity Prototyping
Various Methods – From Sticky Notes to Storyboards
Method Description
Content Simple lists inventorying the information of controls to be
inventories collected within a given interaction context, such as
window, dialog box, page, or screen
Sticky notes Visual content inventories, introduced by usage-centered
design incorporate position and spatial relationship among
UI contents
Wireframes Schematics outline the areas occupied by interface
contents
Paper Rough sketches of the UID; for usability studies or quick
prototypes, reviews; rated as fastest method of rapid prototyping;
Paper designer can concentrate on design instead on mechanics
mockups of tool
Story- Sequence of papers that contain UI components e.g.
boarding drawn collaboratively with users; done with simple office
supplies
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 9 © Zühlke 2011
10. Low-Fidelity Prototyping
Some Words on Paper Prototyping
• One of the cheapest and fastest visual techniques
• Can be used for any type of human-computer interface (soft-/hardware)
• Get quick feedback from users while the design is still (literally) “on the
drawing board"
• Used to clarify requirements through simulation
• Detect usability problems very early
• Promote communication between designers and users
• Everybody can participate – no specific skills needed
• Only minimal resources and materials are required
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 10 © Zühlke 2011
12. Low-Fidelity Prototyping
Early Usability Testing
• Solve task cases using paper prototypes
that simulate the UI dialog flow
• System feedback is simulated by the
usability expert, for example by changing
the sequence of „screens“ or by adding
additional artifacts to the sketches
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 12 © Zühlke 2011
13. Balsamiq Mockups
Low-Fidelity Prototyping Tool for Wireframes & Mockups
• Based on Adobe Air
• Easy Install
• Based on BMML - an open, human-
readable, documented XML-based file format
Source: http://balsamiq.com/
• Excchange of prototypes with other BMML-based
tools
• No programming skills required
• Many different additional tools available (e.g. for
Eclipse SWT wireframing)
Source: http://balsamiq.com/
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 13 © Zühlke 2011
14. Balsamiq Mockups Extensions
SWT Prototyping with Balsamiq Mockups
Source: http://blogs.balsamiq.com/product/2009/05/13/swt-
bmml-an-interesting-new-mockups-extension/
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 14 © Zühlke 2011
15. Balsamiq Mockups
Rapid Mobile Prototyping with iMockups
From iMockups
Into Balsamiq
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 15 © Zühlke 2011
16. iMockups
Low-Fidelity Prototyping Tool for the iPad
• Development of Mockups & Wirframes
• Widgets for Desktop-, Web- & Mobile
Applications available
• Export to Image
• Export to BMML format (Balsamiq)
Quelle: http://itunes.apple.com/de/app/imockups-for-
ipad/id364885913?mt=8
• iTunes:
http://itunes.apple.com/de/app/imock
ups-for-ipad/id364885913?mt=8#
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 16 © Zühlke 2011
18. High-Fidelity Prototyping
Overview
Typical goals
(Re-)Design
Prototype
• Visualize requirements in detail
Analyze
Discover usability issues, especially with interactive
Results
•
behavior
• Develop a UI specification Evaluate
Prototype
Prototyping Tool Prototyping with GUI Builder
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 18 © Zühlke 2011
19. High-Fidelity Prototyping (Cont.)
• High-fidelity prototypes reach from more detailed paper prototypes to fully
interactive simulations
• From the level of detail of HTML prototypes on, users can see dialog
windows, react on messages and enter form data
• This prototypes are high-fidelity, because they show the real system
behaviour in an interactive manner rather than just presenting static screens
• Sometimes, detailed prototypes can be built as quick and as easy as the low-
fidelity ones – if you got the right tools at hand
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 19 © Zühlke 2011
22. High-Fidelity / Evolutionary Prototyping
Overview on Tools
MS Expression Blend
For Example
• Microsoft Visio, PowerPoint
• MS Expression Blend
• Axure Pro
• iRise Studioj
Axure Pro
MS Visio
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 22 © Zühlke 2011
23. Axure Pro
High-Fidelity Prototyping Tool
• Very fast & easy prototyping
• Interactive behavior without programming
skills (e.g. event handling)
• Huge variety of UI controls & extra
libraries (e.g. iPhone widgets)
• Executable HTML prototype runs in the Source: http://www.axure.com
Browser (no plug-in required)
• Attachment of review notes (for testing)
• Generation of reports (Word), e.g. for
specification documents
• Modeling of flow chart diagrams
Source: http://www.axure.com
Dr. Thomas Memmel 2. Juli 2009 Folie 23 von 50 © Zühlke 2011
24. Axure Pro
Access to Widget Libraries
• Advertising • Mobile – iPhone
• Calendars • iPad
• Carousels • Navigation and Pagination
• Charts and Tables • OS Elements
• Controls • Page Grids
• Form Elements • Placeholder Text
• Menus and Buttons • Screen Resolutions
• Mobile - Blackberry & Nokia • Tabs
• Windows and Containers
Source: http://www.axure.com
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 24 © Zühlke 2011
25. Axure Pro Prototyping
Example: Zuehlke.com
• Build design alternatives fast
• Easy refactoring with masters and
templates
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 25 © Zühlke 2011
27. Microsoft Expression Blend
High-Fidelity Prototyping Tool
• Allows development for WPF/Silverlight
without media disruption
• Rich library of UI controls
• Huge freedom in designing own controls
• SketchFlow allows flow chart modeling
and computer-aided paper prototyping
style
• Support for (remote) review and UI testing
• Adobe import allows usage of traditional
design assets and integrates designers
smoothly in the process
• Enable interactivity without writing code
Dr. Thomas Memmel 2. Juli 2009 Folie 27 von 50 © Zühlke 2011
28. Microsoft Expression Blend
High-Fidelity Prototyping Tool
Source: http://www.microsoft.com Source: http://www.microsoft.com
Expression Expression Blend Visual Studio
Development
Design
User Experience
Design with Sketch Flow
Adobe
Photoshop
Adobe Illustrator
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 28 © Zühlke 2011
29. Microsoft Expression Blend
Zühlke Project with Phonak
Software Engineering meets User Experience Design
UI Prototyping Tools | Dr. Thomas Memmel 20. Mai 2011 Folie 29 © Zühlke 2011
30. Zühlke Usability Engineering Services
Human-Centered Software Engineering
• User Studies, User Profiling & User Modeling (e.g.
Personas)
• User-Centered Requirements Engineering
• Usability Concepts & Modeling (e.g. Scenarios,
Storyboards)
• Agile Development & User Experience (e.g. User Stories
combined with elements of Interaction Design)
Zühlke offers • User Interface Prototyping (Low- & High-Fidelity)
various usability
engineering • User Interface Engineering (Integration of Usability
services – get in Methodology in the Software Development Process)
touch at • Usability Testing (e.g. with Mobile Usability Lab)
www.zuehlke.com/ • User Interface Specification
usability
Folie 30 © Zühlke 2011
31. Zühlke Usability Engineering Services
Contact
Dr. Thomas Memmel
Business Unit Manager
Wiesenstrasse 10
8952 Schlieren
Email: thomas.memmel@zuehlke.com
XING: https://www.xing.com/profile/Thomas_Memmel
Blog: http://www.usability-architect.com/
Business Unit Manager «Java Integration & Channels»
Manager Competence Center Client Technology
Client Technologien | Dr. Thomas Memmel et al. 26. April 2011 Folie 31 © Zühlke 2011