Introduction to interaction paradigms in computational devices. Presentation by Sigrun Ritter, Sebastian Weinhold

1. Interaction Paradigms
Interaction Frameworks
WS 08/09
Sigrun Ritter
Sebastian Weinhold

2. Innovations

3. Memex
„ A Memex is a device in which an individual stores
all his books, records and communications and
which is mechanized, so that it may be consulted
with exceeding speed and flexibility. It is an
enlarged intimitate supplement to his memory.“

4. oNLine system
Human Augmentation
System

5. Idea is to enhance and augment human
intelligence
„ It seemed clear to everyone else at the time that
nobody would ever take seriously the idea of using
computers in direct, immediate interaction with
people.“ (Engelbart, 1968)

6. The computer as a communication device

7. Vision of a heterogenous computer network
means diversity of technologies and platforms
Early vision of the Internet ?

8. The ultimate
display
New ways
of interacting
with computers

9. A display that would create a realistic environment
in which the user would interact with haptic,
auditory and visual stimuli
without having real world physical constraints.
obstacles
Discuss usage
implementation
.media time!

10. Innovations
Now that we have
seen some big ideas,
the question arises,
where do innovations
come from?
Let's consider the 3
magic rules of HCI

11. 1. understand current technology
and the way people use these
2. then apply that knowledge to the
design of systems that address human needs
3. in this process develop new and
novel ways to aid people in their tasks

12. Criterias for analyzing a computational system
Physical computing environment
Social computing environment
Cognitive computing environment

13. safety efficiency
user space work space
lightning noise
pollution

14. Criterias for analyzing a computational system
Physical computing environment
Social computing environment
Cognitive computing environment

15. Social environment
affects the way
people use
computers
Computers must be designed adequately

16. Criterias for analyzing a computational system
Physical computing environment
Social computing environment
Cognitive computing environment

17. age
disabilities
technical knowledge
degree of focus
cognitive stress

18. Interaction Paradigms
A model of HCI including all aspects of interaction.
We can analyze systems by applying the 5W+H :
1. What/How
2. Where/When
3. Who/Why

19. Personal computing
One example:
What/How? Main interaction architecture is the
desktop environment; access without constraints
Where/When? Home, work; at any time
Who/Why? Everybody; for productivity, personal
services

20. Other paradigms
Large-scale computing
Networked computing
Mobile computing

21. New paradigms

22. Embodied Virtuality
The 3 ideas
1. Pervasive computing
2. Invisible computing
3. Wearable computing

23. Virtual Reality
1. Non-immersive computing
screen-based, pointer-driven,
3D graphical representations
like Apple's QuickTime VR
(uses 2D photographs to create
3D models)

24. Made with Pov-Ray

25. Virtual Reality
2. Immersive computing
overall goal is the realization
of the ultimate display
active systems: user can
manipulate virtual objects

26. shows visual and auditory integration

27. demonstrates visual and haptic integration (University of Paderborn)

28. Interaction
Frameworks

29. The Structure of an Action (Norman)
execution
goal evaluation
Evaluation

30. Interaction Framework (Abowd, Beale)
Output
presentation observation
System User
performance articulation
Input

31. Gulf of Execution/Evaluation
System Our goals

32. Semantic Distance
distance between the available functionality of the
system and the functionality required to complete a
task
Articulatory Distance
the distance between the physical appearance of the
device controls and their actual function

33. Mental Model
1. cognitive representation of how something
is constructed and how it functions
2. derived from interaction and past experience
3. might be erroneous

34. Mapping
describes how we make connections
between things

35. Take Home Message
A natural mapping extremely increases usability of an
interface, therefore use it whenever it is possible!

36. The ultimative user experience:
Interaction Styles

37. Command Line

38. Menu-Based Interface

39. Form Fill-In

40. Question and Answer

41. Metaphors

42. Direct Manipulation: GUI

43. Into the next dimension:
3D-Environments

46. http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3249/2600392875_56e4af66a4.jpg?v=0

47. Zoomable Interfaces
3D-Space Visual File System for Mac OS X

48. Google Earth

49. Natural Language
I haven't listened to The Coral
for a long time.

50. Connecting the web with language

51. Discussion
The interaction style that is dominant today with regard to personal
computing is the two-dimensional GUI. Can you imagine a completely
different interaction style than those known to us?
What's your oppinion on the idea of a 3D-web, as mentioned by
PicLens?
What do you personally expect from future innovations in HCI?
Which role will virtual realities play in our future?