1. 1C – Pharmacy
GROUP 2
Chica, Mark Louis A.
Cinconiegue, Maryrose C.
De la Rosa, Jocella B.

2. WOUND
 pronounced as /wünd,
or, ˈwau̇nd/
 An injury to living tissue
caused by a cut, blow or
other impact, typically one
in which the skin is cut or
broken.

3. CLASSIFICATIO
NOPEN
 The skin is broken and
the underlying tissue is
exposed to the outside
environment.
CLOSED
 The skin is intact and
the underlying tissue is
not directly exposed to
the outside
environment.

4. OPEN WOUNDS
 Abrasions
- caused by rubbing or
scraping the skin against a
hard, rough surface
- bleeding is usually
limited
- important to clean the
skin in order to guard against
infection

5.  Incisions
- a cut caused by a knife,
the rough edge of metal, broken
glass, a razor blade or some
other sharp object
- bleeds rapidly and
heavily
- if the cut is deep, muscles,
tendons and nerves may be
damaged

6.  Lacerations
- a jagged, irregular or
blunt breaking or tearing of soft
tissues, often resulting from
mishandling tools and
machinery and other accidents
- bleeding may be rapid
and extensive

7.  Punctures
- piercing wounds that
causes a small hole in the tissues
- even if external bleeding is
slight, there may be serious
internal bleeding resulting from
internal damage to an organ
(gunshot wound)
- requires attention of a
health professional because of the
danger of tetanus

8.  Avulsions
- a forcible tearing or partial
tearing away of tissues
- bleeding is heavy and rapid
- if a body part (finger, toe, etc)
has been torn away in an accident, it
should always be sent along the
victim to the hospital (placed on
moistened gauze and cooled), since
there is a possibility that it can be
reattached

10. CLOSED WOUNDS
 Contusions
- common type of sports
injury, where a direct blunt trauma
can damage the small blood
vessels and capillaries, muscles
and underlying tissue as well as
internal organs
- a painful bruise with
reddish to bluish discoloration that
spread over the injured area of
skin

11.  Hematomas
- injury that damages the
small blood vessels and
capillaries resulting in blood
collecting and pooling in a
limited space
- a painful, spongy rubbery
lump-like lesion
- can be small or large
(external or internal), depending
on the severity site of the trauma

12.  Crush injuries
- caused by an external high
pressure force that squeezes part
of the body between two surfaces
- the degree of injury and
pain can range from a minor
bruise to a complete destruction
of the crushed area of the body,
depending on the site, size,
duration and power of the
trauma

13. CAUSES
 Can be internal or external in origin.
 Wounds of internal origin are mainly
due to impaired circulation,
neuropathy or medical illness.
 Wounds of external origin are due to
an outside force or trauma that causes
open or closed wounds.

14. o Impaired circulation - from either ischemia (result of
reduced blood supply caused by the narrowing or blockage
of blood vessel) or stasis (immobilization for long period or
failure of the regulating valves in the veins).
o Neuropathy – patients are usually unaware of any trauma
or wounds, mainly due to loss of sensation in the affected
area.
o Medical illness – can lead to impairment of the immune
system functions, diminishing the circulation and
damaging other organs and systems.

15. RISK
FACTORS
 Heavy smoking, alcohol consumption and increased
age
- these reduce the elasticity of blood vessels and
increase the probability of blood clots, leading to
vascular related disease and improper healing
 Unhealthy lifestyle
- these include limited exercise, poor diet,
obesity and poor hygiene
Having one or more of the following can increase the risk of
developing wounds:

16.  Immobility
- can cause stasis and increase the risk of developing bed
ulcers, venous ulcers, deep vein thrombosis and varicose veins.
Weakened immune system
- patients taking corticosteroids, chemotheraphy,
radiotheraphy or receiving a transplantation.
 History of chronic medical illnesses or vascular disease
- these include cancers, diabetes, high cholesterol, AIDS,
heart disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis, anemia, varicose
veins or deep venous thrombosis.

17. TREATMEN
TS Apply pressure with a clean cloth to
stop bleeding
 Clean the wound with water
 Use an antibiotic ointment to prevent
infection
 Bandage the wound if it’s in an area
that might get dirty
 Watch for swelling and redness
 Get a tetanus booster if you are due for
one