"4K/ UHD Advanced": presentation for Eurecom students

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Advanced 4K UHD
François ABBE, Cherif BEN ZID, Asma JENHANI
mesclado
17 May 2015
Eurecom

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4K/UHD – The 12 essentials

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1. Resolution
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True Resolution
Rating a camera by counting horizontal photosites is wrong but common
(eg; Red 5K v Panavision Genesis 5.7K or 2K)
• Sony F65 has 8192 photosites horizontally
• Next generation 65mm Panavision Camera
The final image size is 48mm x 20.25mm.
The number of photosites is 7680 (1920 x 4) by 3240 (1080 x 3),
for a total of 24,883,200 photosites,
with a photosite size of 6.25μ
and output sample grid of 3840 x 2160.
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Compression formats (1) – DCT-based
Format Mode Max Sampling
Max
Resolution
Max Frame Rate Max Birate
H.264 @5.2 Intra / Long GOP 4:2:0 10-bits 4K 60p 720 Mbps
XAVC
XAVC Long GOP 4:2:2 10-bits UHD-1
60p
150 Mbps
XAVC Intra 4:2:2 10-bits 4K 960 Mbps
XAVC S 4:2:0 8-bits (4K) UHD-1 150 Mbps
AVC-Ultra Intra
4:4:4 12-bits 4K 24p NM
4:2:2 10-bits
4K
UHD-1
60p NM
ProRes
4444
4:4:4:4 12-bits
math. lossless
5K 60p
3535 Mbps
422 (HQ)
4:2:2 10-bits
visually lossless
2357 Mbps
MPEG-4 SStP
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4:4:4 12-bits 4K
30p 1800 Mbps
6 60p 3600 Mbps
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Compression formats (2) – wavelet-based
Implementation
Max
Resolution
Frame Rates Sampling Max Bitrate Colour Mode
IPX-JPUHD4K
(IntoPix)
4K 24 to 60
4:4:4 12-bits
4:2:2 12-bits
1à 2 Gbps YUV, RGB, XYZ
JPEG 2000-4K
(Evatronix)
8K (16K
personnalisé)
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4:4:4 12-bits
4:2:2 12-bits
4:2:0 12-bits
800 Mbps RGB, YCbCr
BA109/BA110
(BarcoSilex)
4K Unknown
4:4:4 12-bits
4:2:2 12-bits
Unknown YUV, RGB, XYZ
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JPEG-2000 hardware implementations

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RAW formats
Format Mode
Lossy
Compression
Max Sampling
Max
Resolution
Max Frame Rate Max Birate
F65RAW
F65RAW-Lite YES
16-bit Linear 8K
60p
150 Mbps
F65RAW-SQ YES 250 Mbps
F65RAW-HFR YES 120p 1 to 2.4 Gbps
REDCODE
RAW
REDCODE 28 YES
12-bits
16-bits
6K
100p in 6K
150p in 4K
300p in 2K
224 Mbps
REDCODE 36 YES 288 Mbps
REDCODE 42 YES 336 Mbps
ARRIRAW
2.8K NO
12-bits
Log C
3.4K
120p in 16:9
90p in 4:3
1.34 Gbps in
16:9 24p
1.79 Gbps in
4:3 24p
Open Gate (3.4K) NO
75p 1 to 2.4 Gbps
Canon RAW
4K RAW NO
10-bits 4K
60p
> 2.7 Gbps
120p4K HRAW NO
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4. Display (1)
Minimum viewer-screen distance – 8K UHD screen
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Source: NHK

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4. Display (2)
4K/UHD monitors: towards a UHD phase 1 incompatibility
• UHD Ready logo pushed by manufacturers
• The 3 prerequisites of UHD phase 1 not guaranteed:
– Connectors (HDMI 2.0)
– Anti-piracy (HDCP 2.1)
– 50p compatibility (50 images / second)
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5. Connectivity
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You need to:
• Handle huge amounts of data in transfer
• Have flexible interfaces
• Get closer to real-time applications
• Consider distance between equipment to link up

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5. Connectivity - “4K/UHD SDI” Interfaces (1)
Interface Workgroup Standard Description
Features
Resolution Sampling Mode Max Frame Rate
6G-SDI
SMPTE
32NF-40
SMPTE
ST 425-3
Mapping Image Formats into
Dual Link 3G interface
4096x2160
&
3840x2160
4:2:2 & 4:2:0 10-bit image
formats
30p
SMPTE
32NF-70
ST 2081-10
2160-line and 1080-line Source
Image and Ancillary Data
Mapping for 6G-SDI
3840x2160
4:2:2 & 4:2:0 10-bit image
formats
30p
4096x2160 4:2:2 10-bit image formats 30p
12G-SDI
SMPTE
32NF-40
SMPTE
ST 425-5
Mapping 2160 line Image
Formats into Quad Link 3G
interface
4096x2160
&
3840x2160
4:2:2 & 4:2:0 10-bit image
formats
60p
4:2:2 & 4:4:4 10 & 12-bit image
formats
30p
SMPTE
32NF-70
ST 2082-10
2160-line and 1080-line Source
Image and Ancillary Data
Mapping for 12G-SDI
3840x2160
4:2:2 & 4:2:0 10-bit image
formats
60p
4:4:4 12-bit image formats 30p
4096x2160
4:2:2 10-bit image formats 60p
4:4:4 12-bit & 4:4:4:4 10-bit
image formats
30p
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5. Connectivity - “4K/UHD SDI” Interfaces (2)
Interface Workgroup Standard Description Features
Multi-Link
10G-SDI
SMPTE
32NF-40 DG
SMPTE
ST 2063-4
UHDTV Multi-link 10Gb/s
interfaces
3840x2160 pixels
4:2:2 & 4:4:4 10 & 12-bit
100, 119.88 & 120p
4 to 6 10G-links
25G-SDI
SMPTE
32NF-40 DG
SMPTE
ST 2062
part 2
25 Gb/s Serial Signal/Data
Interface
(optical interface)
3840x2160 pixels
4:4:4 10 & 12-bits up to 60p
72G - ITU-R BT.2246-2
Super-Hi Vision 72 Gbps
Optical fiber interface
7680x4320 pixels
4:4:4 12-bit up to 60p
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5. Connectivity - HDMI Interfaces
Version Ratification Date Max Resolution Max Frame Rate Bitrate/channel Total Bitrate
1.4 May 28, 2009 4096x2160 30p 3.40 Gbps 10.2 Gbps
2.0 Sept. 4, 2013 4096x2160 60p 6 Gbps 18 Gbps
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5. Connectivity - DisplayPort Interfaces
Version Ratification Date Resolution Max Frame Rate Total Bitrate
1.2 2009 4K
60p
(8-bits)
17.2 Gbps
1.3 Work in progress 8K - 32.4 Gbps
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6. Frame Rate
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Source : Big Buck Bunny – www.bigbuckbunny.org

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6. Frame Rate
• Frame Rate = Dynamic Resolution
• Interests rising in sports, action and animation
movie production
• Interfaces not yet available for higher Frame
Rates
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7. Sampling
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Sample Size
Production & Post-
Production
Distribution
8-bit Any XDCAM HD based work
Everywhere
(except Blu-Ray & D-Cinema)
10-bit
HD-SDI
Any AVC-I based work
Blu-Ray & D-Cinema
12-bit
Minimum requirement for
High-Dynamic Range (HDR)
Standard No
16-bit
Visual effects (VFX)
High-end No
See: http://www.display-central.com/free-news/display-daily/dolby-discusses-hdr-encoding/

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8. Colour Space
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8. Colour Space
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Existing: HD & UHD phase 1
(Rec.709)
HDR: UHD phase 2
(Rec.2020)

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Major constraints around 4K/UHD
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11. Audio
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11. Audio
Meanwhile…
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Barco
Dolby

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#MediaEI
@Mesclado

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François ABBE – Mesclado – www.mesclado.com
Many thanks to:
Peter WILSON – HDDC – www.hddc.co.uk
And Cédric Lejeune – Workflowers – www.workflowers.net
mesclado Production Team:
Asma Jenhani, Cherif Ben Zid, Sandrine Hamon,