1. Chapter 2Chapter 2
The Properties of MatterThe Properties of Matter

2. VocabularyVocabulary
 Matter-anything that has mass and volumeMatter-anything that has mass and volume
 Volume-the amount of space an object takes upVolume-the amount of space an object takes up
 Meniscus-the curve at a liquid’s surfaceMeniscus-the curve at a liquid’s surface
 Mass-the amount of matter in a given spaceMass-the amount of matter in a given space
 Gravity-the force of attraction between objectsGravity-the force of attraction between objects
due to their massesdue to their masses

3. Vocabulary continuedVocabulary continued
 Weight-the measure of the gravitational force on anWeight-the measure of the gravitational force on an
objectobject
 Newton-SI unit of force (N)Newton-SI unit of force (N)
 Physical Property-can be measured or observed withoutPhysical Property-can be measured or observed without
changing the identity of the materialchanging the identity of the material
 Density-the amount of matter in a given volumeDensity-the amount of matter in a given volume
D=m/VD=m/V
 Chemical Properties-describe a substance based on itsChemical Properties-describe a substance based on its
ability to change into a new substance with differentability to change into a new substance with different
propertiesproperties

4. More VocabularyMore Vocabulary
 Physical Change- a physical change that effectsPhysical Change- a physical change that effects
one or more of the physical propertiesone or more of the physical properties
 Chemical Change-occurs when one or moreChemical Change-occurs when one or more
substances are changed into entirely newsubstances are changed into entirely new
substancessubstances

5. Mass isMass is Weight isWeight is
A measure of the amount ofA measure of the amount of
matter in an objectmatter in an object
W measure of theW measure of the
gravitational for on angravitational for on an
objectobject
Always constant for anAlways constant for an
object no matter where it isobject no matter where it is
foundfound
Varied depending on whereVaried depending on where
the object is in relation tothe object is in relation to
Earth or another large bodyEarth or another large body
Measured with a balanceMeasured with a balance Measured with a springMeasured with a spring
scalescale
Expressed in kg, g ,mgExpressed in kg, g ,mg Expressed in Newtons (N)Expressed in Newtons (N)

6. Physical PropertiesPhysical Properties
 ColorColor
 OdorOdor
 MassMass
 VolumeVolume
 Thermal ConductivityThermal Conductivity
 StateState
 MalleabilityMalleability
 DuctilityDuctility
 SolubilitySolubility
 DensityDensity
 Melting and Boiling PointMelting and Boiling Point

7. Chemical PropertiesChemical Properties
 FlammabilityFlammability
 ReactivityReactivity
 ElectrolysisElectrolysis
 DissolvabilityDissolvability
 Rate of CombustionRate of Combustion
 Oxidative StatesOxidative States
 ToxicityToxicity
 ElectronegativityElectronegativity

8. Physical ChangesPhysical Changes
 Changing the sizeChanging the size
 Changing the shapeChanging the shape
 Dissolving in waterDissolving in water
 Freezing, MeltingFreezing, Melting
 Not all physical changes can be undone, but theyNot all physical changes can be undone, but they
do not change the identity of the substancedo not change the identity of the substance

9. Chemical ChangesChemical Changes
 ExamplesExamples
 Soured milkSoured milk
 RustRust
 Two substances mixed to form new substanceTwo substances mixed to form new substance
 Baking a cakeBaking a cake
 You cannot undo a chemical change using physicalYou cannot undo a chemical change using physical
means.means.

10. Chemical ChangesChemical Changes
 ExamplesExamples
 Soured milkSoured milk
 RustRust
 Two substances mixed to form new substanceTwo substances mixed to form new substance
 Baking a cakeBaking a cake
 You cannot undo a chemical change using physicalYou cannot undo a chemical change using physical
means.means.