Introduction to Information and Education Technology Dr. Mohamed EL Zayat

1. Company
LOGO
Post Graduate Diploma in E-learning
Introduction to
Information and Education Technology
EPL 105
Dr. Mohamed EL Zayat, PhD, PG Dip, BcS
Principal Lecturer
Faculty of Educational Studies
E-learning Program

2. Contents
1. Scope of Information
2. Computer Hardware and Software
Basic Components of ICT
3. Computer Peripherals and HCI

3. Objectives
By the end of studying this module, you should be able to:
 Differentiate among Data, Information, Knowledge and Wisdom.
 Differentiate between computer architecture and computer organization.
 Define examples of system software.
 Define examples of application software.
 Classify peripherals of computer.

4. Scope of Information Technology
 What is Information Technology?
Computers
Communication
Technologies
Information
Technology
Information technology comprises
mainly computer and communication
technologies that cooperate to
facilitate storing, processing,
distributing, and accessing data or
related information and knowledge in
different domains.
Using computers, communication
links, and network components, we
can form computer communication
networks.

5. Scope of Information Technology
IT Components
Personal Computers Laptops Servers and
Mainframes
Telephone Lines Optical Fibers Satellites Wireless
Connections
Distribution Switches Router

6. - Data represent the basic facts about an
establishment.
- Data collection or capture is an essential
activity.
- Data verification should be performed
before inserting the data into the database.
- Data elements are grouped, they form a
record, and the records are grouped in a
table.
- Database consists of a number of tables
related to each other depending on the data
model used.
 What is Data?
Scope of Information Technology
Data

7. Scope of Information Technology
Data

8. Level 3 Records
Level 1 Subjective
tables
Level 0 Database Students
Database
Student Personal
Info
Name Age
Student Marks
Course 1
(86%)
Course 2
(79%)
Scope of Information Technology
Database

9. Scope of Information Technology
Information
 What is Information?
Information is processed data to satisfy the needs of users, management
personnel, and data analysts.
Information
Data
Data
Processing Analysis

10. Scope of Information Technology
DIKW Model
Raw Data
Processed Data
Large Volumes
of Information
Many Sources of
Knowledge

11. Computer Hardware and Software
Computer Architecture and Computer Organization
Refers to those characteristics or attributes seen by a programmer or user.
Examples of these characteristics include:
 The instruction set (Add, Subtract, multiply etc).
 The number of bits used to represent various data types.
 Input/output mechanism
 Methods of addressing the main computer memory.
Refers to the operational units (such as the Arithmetic and Logic Unit
(ALU) and Control Unit (CU) and their interconnections that realize the architectural
specification .These include:
 Control signals needed for executing arithmetic operations
 Memory technology used
 Connection to the different peripherals like Printers, display units and so on.

12. Computers
Computer Hardware and Software
Types of Computer systems
Personal Computers Laptops Handheld Computer
Servers and Mainframes Server Farm Supercomputers

13. Computer Hardware and Software
Types of Computer systems
Network – Centered Computation
LAN WAN Intranet Internet
Embedded Computers

14. Computer Hardware and Software
Types of Computer systems
Future of Computer systems
Autonomic Computing is inspired by the human nervous system and aims at realizing
computing systems and applications capable of managing themselves with minimum human
intervention.
Quantum Computing makes use of concepts based on quantum physics to design
computers that can solve problems much more efficiently than current computers.
BioComputers use biologically derived materials (e.g. DNA and Proteins) to perform
computations. It makes use of Nano-biotechnology to build the chemical components
necessary to build such computers

15. Computer Hardware and Software
Types of System Software
Operating Systems Language Compilers and Interpreters
Windows Linux Java Scripts C & C++ HTML & XML
DBMS System Support

16. Computer Hardware and Software
Types of Application Software
Examples of Application Software
1- University Information Systems.
2- Airline Reservation Systems.
3- Hospital Information Systems.
4- Data Mining and Visualization Systems.
5- Decision Support Systems (DSS).
6- Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
7- Graphics, Multimedia and virtual reality applications.
8- Artificial Intelligence Applications.

17. Computer Hardware and Software
Types of Application Software
Graphics, Multimedia and Virtual Reality Applications
Graphics
• Computer Aided
Design
• Computer Art and
Entertainment
• Education and Training
• Visualization
Multimedia
Software
• Text
• Sound
• Graphics
• Animation
• Video
Virtual Reality
• Head Mounted Display
(HMD)
• Data Glove
• Scientific visualization
• Sound simulation
• Weather simulation
• Medical Modeling

18. Computer Hardware and Software
Types of Application Software
Artificial Intelligence Application
 What Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is concerned with studying thought processes in
humans, and then tries to implement some aspects of these processes in computers
and robots.
Types of Artificial Intelligence Application

19. Types of Artificial Intelligence Application
Computer Hardware and Software
Types of Application Software
Expert Systems
• Knowledge
Acquisition
• Knowledge
Representation
• Inference
• Knowledge
Transfer
Language
Engineering
• Speech
Understanding
System
• Multilingual
Access
• Machine
Translation
system
• Lexical Database
Neural Networks
• Modeling the
Brain
• Pattern
Recognition
Robots
• Intelligent Robots

20. Computer Peripherals and HCI
Peripheral Devices
Examples of Some
Peripheral Devices
Keyboards and Mice.
Visual Display Units.
Printers and Scanners.
Removable Storage Devices.
Compact Disk (CD) drives and
Digital Video Disk (DVD) drives.
Sound cards and equipment.
Video input and output cards.
Digital cameras.
Radio Frequency Identification
(RFID)
Structured Cabling Systems

21. Computer Peripherals and HCI
Human Computer Interaction
 Computer Interaction problems
Many computer peripheral equipment that are
used by humans do not usually take into consideration
the effect on the human sensing organs.
Keyboards, mice, visual display units, and
virtual reality equipment do not study the effect of using
these peripherals and the strain they may cause on
humans.
Some of these effects will be briefly presented
 Focusing problems
 Double vision
 Headache
 Carpal Mechanism Syndrome