New version of Baroque but divided into sections and with images.

1. BAROQUE PAINTING
Revision

2. Painting
• Subjects: religious and profane (mythological, allegorical,
historical or portraits)
• Composition: complicated; taste for big groups, with different
centres of attention. Portraits are just essential
• Lines: dynamic and complicate. Diagonal is the most used or
combinations of horizontal and vertical
• Colour: rich, with great effects due to the use of oil and
contrast depending on the areas
• Strange elements: secondary plans, mirrors

3. Painting
• Kinds of depiction:
– Religious: martyrdoms, sufferance and blood
– Mythological: generally developed with contemporary
characters
– Allegorical: virtues and sins portrayed as humans
– Portraits: royal, bourgeois (doelen), beggars, handicapped
– Customs: every day’s life
– Historical: bear witness of historical events
– Landscapes: never quiet sceneries
– Still-life: food and vegetables, flowers, animals
– Vanities or vanitas: remainders of the egalitarian role of death

4. Painting: Italy
• Caravaggio
–
–
–
–
–
–
Very naturalist
Theologically incorrect
Enormous contrasts of light
Difficult compositions
Known as the creator of tenebrism
Works: Supper at Emmaus, the Death of the Virgin,
Saint Mathew’s Conversion

6. Painting: Italy
• Carracci
–
–
–
–
He received Caravaggio’s influence
Naturalism
Perfect and idealised world
His works are completely different from those of
Caravaggio
– Works: Cerasi Chapel

8. Painting: Flanders
• Rubens
– He was a complete artist
– Gifted with organization and a sense for realism and
idealism
– He enjoyed harmony’s enviable balance of opposites
– Romantic but rooted in classical tradition
– Works: The Three Graces, The Garden of Love, Catalina
of Medici’s Portrait

10. Painting: Flanders
• Van Dyck
–
–
–
–
He was Rubens’ s student
In his works there in a languid melancholic mood
Portraits of the aristocracy
Works: Charles I
• Jordaens
–
–
–
–
Specialized in genre and banquet scenes
Strong contrasts of light and shade
Realistic images
Works: The King Drinks

11. Jordaens
Van Dick

12. Painting: Netherlands
• Rembrant
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Thunderous use of light and shade
Dramatic figures filling the picture surface
Fluid and vigorous brushwork
He substituted the exact imitation of form by the
suggestion of it: painting looked to be unfinished
Limited palette but able to depict colours
He worked in complex layers
Great care to the physical qualities of the medium
Works: The Night’s Ronda, Saskia having a Bath, The
Jew Bridegroom, The Philosopher

14. Painting: Netherlands
• Hals
–
–
–
–
–
He brought life to groups
Portraits as a snapshot
Unconventional work for his moment
Quick depictions with a few touches of light
Works: The Gipsy Girl
• Vermeer
–
–
–
–
–
Domestic interiors
Serene sense of compositional balance and spatial order
Mundane, domestic or recreational activities
He used the camera obscura to exaggerate perspective
Works: Girl with the Pearl Earring, View of Delft, the
Procuress, The Geographer

15. Hals
Vermeer

16. Painting: France
• Poussin
– Founder of the classical school
– Myths, essential subject and sensuality
– Works: Et in Arcadia Ego
• La Tour
– Preocupation with the realistic rendering of light
– Effects of chiaroscuro and diffusion of artificial illumination
– Works: Marie Magdalene
• Le Nain
– Common life, peasants and poor people
– Grave presences, not comic or gallant, neither picaresque or
satirical
– Works: Peasant’s Family

17. Poussin
La Tour
Le Nain

18. Painting: Spain
• Zurbarán
–
–
–
–
–
He was a portrait painter
Main subjects: religious (saints, monastic orders’ members)
Austere, harsh, hard edged style
Still-lives
Works: Paintings of the Guadalupe Monastery, Sainte
Casilde, Still-life with lemons

20. Painting: Spain
• Velázquez
– He painted any kind of subjects
– He was Court Painter and travelled to Italy to buy art
works and he knew classical masters’ works
– Portraits: include royal family and nobility, some of them
equestrian, but also normal people of the court or even
beggars (Olivares, Juan de Pareja, Esopo, Meninas)
– Religious paintings are treated as common subjects, with
great importance given to daily life objects (Christ in
Martha and Mary’s house)

21. Painting: Spain
– Mythological work appear normally in a secondary plan or
represented by normal people (Spinners, Drunks)
– Historical scenes (Breda’s Surrender)
– Nudes (Venus of the mirror)
– Landscapes (Villa Medicci)
– Genre scenes: same importance given to the tools or to
people (Old Woman Cooking Eggs, Sevilla’s Water-Seller)

22. Painting: Spain
– Characteristics:
• Great detail when wanted
• Aerial perspective
• Pre-Impressioniss (few matter and impression of unfinished
work)
• Special conception of the space (no divisions of it)
• Resource to very baroque elements such as mirrors that create an
illusionist space
• Richness of colours

27. Painting: Spain
• Murillo
– His work is not strong but his images are convincing
– Realism but a bit idealistic
– He is reputed as children painter, works in which beggars and poor
children are depicted
– He created a model of Immaculate, moved by the wind and with a
lot of putti
– Works: Children Eating Fruit, Two Women at a Window, the Holy
Family of the Bird, Immaculate

29. Rococo Painting
• Instead of portraying the moral depression of the time, they
protrait high society and gallant festivals
• Beautiful sensuality is masterly depicted through the colour
• Conversations, rural pleasures, character as the Italian and
French Commendians indicates the spirit of this art
• Slim images, in unaffected pose, in rural sceneries and painted
with the finest colours

30. Rococo Painting
• France
– Wateau
• He depicted mankind as the most interesting natural element: affinity
toward them
• Elegant characters in vibrant colours
• Works: Embarkation to Citera, Gilles
– Fragonard
• Rapid an spontaneous painter
• He depicted the sense of human folly
• Works: The Swing
– Chardin
• Master of the still life
• Paintings in brown colours with mids, but loyal to reallity

31. Fragonard
Watteau
Chardin

32. Rococo Painting
• England
– Hogart
• Caricature in his morality paintings
• Fluent and vigorous brushwork
• Works: Shrimp Girl
– Gainsborough
• Artist of the landscape and the portrait
• Ability to regard all creatures with sympathy
• Works: Landscape with Gypsies, Sunset

33. Hogart
Gainsborough

34. Rococo Painting
• Italy
– Tiepolo
• Master of the decorative painting
• He used the fresco
• Works: Wurzburg Palace, Allegory of the Spanish
Monarchy
– Canaletto
• Townscapes painter (vedute)
• He apparently painted directly from nature
• He used the camera obscura
• Works: Architectural Capriccio, The Bucintoro Returning to
the Molo on Ascension Day

35. Tiepolo
Canaletto