Cities for Future

1. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
REGENERATING CITIES FOR
SUSTAINABLE FUTURE:
Building pro-active communities

2. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
WORLD MAP SHOWING CITIES OF DIFFERENT SIZES & THE PROPORTION
OF POPULATION CLASSIFIED AS URBAN
Source:UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2014

3. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
WORLD MAP SHOWING COASTAL CITIES POPULATION
Source:UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2014

4. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
2100-
5.0 billion people
will live in cities
largest
proportion
of these
new city dwellers
will live
in vulnerable
floodplains.
2050
-½ of the world
population
will live in
100km from
the sea coast
2015
2050
GLOBAL
URBANISATION
Source:UNICEF,2012
Source:UNICEF,2012

5. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
INDIA’S URBANISATION DENSITY-In coastal areas
2015
2030
CHENNAI-13.92 MILLION
KOCHI-3.465 MILLION
MUMBAI-27.796 MILLION
VIZAG-2.73 MILLION
MUMBAI-21.042 MILLION
CHENNAI-9.89 MILLION
VIZAG-1.93MILLION
KOCHI-2.416 MILLION
Source: United nations, department of economic
and social affairs, population division (2014)s
KOLKATTA-14.864 MILLION
KOLKATTA-19.092 MILLION

6. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
CHANGING ENVIRONMENT
Global flood damage
2012-19.2 billion US$ a year.
2100-48,6 billion US$ a year
7508 people die per year
????
Source:(Nicholls et al (2007) and OECD, Paris)
TOP 15 COUNTRIES BY POPULATION EXPOSED TO FLOODING TODAY AND IN 2070

7. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
Source:(Nicholls et al (2007) and OECD, Paris)

8. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
Source : www.globalfloodmap.org
Source: Fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

9. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
Source: Sachi singh,IIT Delhi,research on climate change

10. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
HOW LONG CAN THE GLOBE SUSTAIN??
Source: Adaptive urban development A symbiosis between cities on
land and water in the 21st century
175 million
people in India are being fed with
grain irrigated with water
Cities subsiding in sea
Global land availability,
2050, the world lacks an
estimated 22 million square
Kilometres
Shortage of land is larger if carbon
contribution is taken
OVER EXPLOITATION OF RESOURCES

11. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
Source: DelatSync,2012Source: DelatSync,2012
CONVENTIONAL LIVING OR ADAPATIVE LIVING!!
CONTINUING TO LIVE ON LAND
MAKING USE OF TECHNOLOGY;
REGENERATING THE LIVING

12. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
EXISTING SCENARIO IN INDIA…

13. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
KOLKATA SEA LEVEL RISE IN 2070 …

14. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
KOLKATA HOUSING TYPOLOGY- EVOLUTION
ARE THEY ADAPTIVE TO RISING SEA LEVEL??
Source: Housing in Kolkata , ETH studio documentation

15. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
Source: Housing in Kolkata , ETH studio documentation

16. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
MUMBAI SEA LEVEL RISE IN 2070 …

17. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
MUMBAI HOUSING TYPOLOGY- EVOLUTION
ARE THEY ADAPTIVE TO RISING SEA LEVEL??
FISHING VILLAGES AGRARIAN VILLAGES HOUSES IN CHOWK
SETTLEMENTS IN WADIS
CHAWLSSource: Housing typologies in Mumbai , CRIT,2007

18. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
FIRST APARTMENTS IN
PLANNED AREAS
MASS HOUSING IN SUBURBS
BUNGALOWS IN PLOTTED
DEVELOPMENTS
PRIVATE APARTMENTS IN 70’S
Source: Housing typologies in Mumbai , CRIT,2007

19. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
SLUM
NEW URBAN HOUSING
Source: Housing typologies in Mumbai , CRIT,2007

20. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
MASTER PLANS
REGIONAL PLANS
DEVELOPMENT PLANS
DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANS
SMART CITY DEVELOPMENTS
Fails to address
• Adaptive development for future in grass-root level
• Pragmatic resilient approach in city planning

21. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
HOW IS INDIA ADDRESSING CLIMATE CHANGE …
National Action Plan on Climate Change,2008
 Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission
 National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency
 National Mission on Sustainable Habitat
 National Water Mission
 National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture
 National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem
 National Mission for a Green India
 National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change
 National Clean Energy Fund
 State Action Plan on Climate Change

22. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
HOW OTHER COUNTRIES HAVE ADOPTED TO THE RISING SEA LEVEL
Case of Rotterdam
Source :Bron: Rijkswaterstaat; KNMI 2001; Geofoon 2004; TUDelft 2004
Source :Rotterdan,Delta Sync, 2012
Transport over water
Ships are in all sizes
Houseboat
Houses on the water
Modulair building –transport
over water
Floating Carpark
Floating Agriculture
Amphibious housing

23. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
Ports in the city of Rotterdam where the
municipality facilitates floating buildings
In floating cities people can move with their
house to another location. Utilities can be
integrated in infrastructure(source:Municipality of Rotterdam, 2011). (Source:DeltaSync/SEV, 2008)
A plan for a water based transport network for Rotterdam (Source:DeltaSync, 2010)

24. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
HOW ARE WE ADAPTING ?
Case of Tranquebar in Tamil Nadu,India
Tranquebar after Tsunami
Damage after tsunami(major)
Damage after tsunami(minor)
Damage
Damage before tsunami(major)
Damage before tsunami(minor)
Temporary shelter in Tranquebar
Post-Tsunami Analysis
(source:SIFF’s Tsunmai habitat reconstruction
project,2009
NO RISK AREA
LOW RISK AREA
MEDIUM RISK AREA
HIGH RISK AREA

25. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
Post-Tsunami Shelter in Tranquebar by
Government
New site layouts planned for post-tsunami
rehabilitation
• Not adaptive to climate change
• Collapsible in another flood, city
within 500m of HTL
HOW TO ADAPT?HOW DO WE SUSTAIN
CLIMATE CHANGES..
(source:SIFF’s Tsunmai habitat reconstruction project,2009

26. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
RETREAT? DEFEND? ATTACK?CITIES CAN
IF CITIES CAN RETREAT OVER SEA LEVEL RISE
• City centre and trade
hubs need re-zoning
• New investment opening
• Tourist trade and cultural
• Institutions signifies in
unique location to retreat
City will still serve as an
exemplary model of
sustainable living
Lessons learnt
from UK
Source:Facing up to RisingSea-Levels: RETREAT ? DEFEND? ATTACK?,ICE Report

27. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
IF CITIES CAN DEFEND SEA LEVEL RISE
Source:Facing up to RisingSea-Levels: RETREAT ? DEFEND? ATTACK?,ICE Report
• 90% of the land is under
threat
• Sufficient investment to
address
• Comprehensive wide
scheme
• Defence through
commercial development
in varying land use
City will fight with all its citizen to serve as an exemplary model of sustainable living

28. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
IF CITIES CAN ATTACK SEA LEVEL RISE
City will adapt and regenerate as an exemplary model of sustainable living
• Recycle disused marine
waterfront
• City can float embracing
its infrastructure
• Unique and distinctive
future
Source:Facing up to RisingSea-Levels: RETREAT ? DEFEND? ATTACK?,ICE Report

29. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
Towards sustainable future
MOVABILITY DYNAMICS SEA-KEEPING
Source :Rotterdan,Delta Sync, 2012
WAY FORWARD…

30. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
Source :Rotterdan,Delta Sync, 2012
WAY FORWARD…

31. Presented by Michelle Mariadoss and Sujata Majumder Final year Masters in Planning SPA,Vijayawada
WHAT NEXT???
GOVERNMENT
PLANNERS
ARCHITECTS, ENGINEERS AND URBAN DESIGNERS
PEOPLE
STAKEHOLDERS