Bio material

Mina Akrami
Supervisor: Dr. M.H. Rasoulifard
Bio Material
M o n d a y
k h o r d a
d 6t h
Zanjan
university
Faculty of
science
Environmental
department

3
Index:
Introduction
Definition
_Bio Material Science
_ Bio Materials
History
Different groups & generations of Bio Materials
Bio Material charectrization
Applications
Bio Material „s Future
Refrences
Bio Material

M.Akrami * May 27th 2013
introduction definition history generation characterization
application refrences
4Bio Material
Engineering
Science
Basic
Scien
ce
Medica
l
Scienc
e

applications refrences
Bio Material
science :“ Bio Material science” is the physical and biological
study of materials and their interactions with the
biological environment.
Bio Material 5

A biomaterial can be defined as any material used
to make devices to replace a part or a function of
the body in a safe, reliable, economic, and
physiologically acceptable manner.
Bio Material 6
http://www.biomaterials.org/index.cfm

7Bio Material
1860 • Lister develops aseptic surgical technique
early
1900'
s
• Bone plates used to fix fractures
1930
's
• Introduction of stainless steel, cobalt chromium alloys
1938
• first total hip prosthesis
1940
's
• Polymers in medicine: PMMA bone repair;
cellulose for dialysis; nylon sutures
1952
• Mechanical heart valve
HISTORY:

8Bio Material
195
3
• Dacron (polymer fiber) vascular grafts
195
8
• Cemented (PMMA) joint replacement
196
0
• first commercial heart valves
197
0's
• PEO (polyethyleneoxide) protein resistant thin film coating
197
6
• FDA ammendment governing testing & production of
biomaterials /devices
• Artificial heart
197
5
• Society for Biomaterials formed
HISTORY:

9
Evolution of Biomaterial Science &
Technology:
1st generation (since 1950s)
Goal: Bioinertness
2nd generation (since 1980s)
Goal: Bioactivity
3rd generation (since 2000s)
Goal: Regenerate functional tissue
Bio Material

Biocompatibility:
The ability of a material to perform with an
appropriate host response in a specific
application.
10
B=f(X1,X2......Xn)
Where X : material, design, application
etc.
Bio Material
B.D.Ratener,A.S.Hoffman,F.J.Scheon, J.E.Lemon,Biomaterials science, firth
edittion,2002,p 86-102

11Bio Material
B.D.Ratener,A.S.Hoffman,F.J.Scheon, J.E.Lemon,Biomaterials science,firth
edittion,2002,p 86-102

12Bio Material
Acceptance of the plate to the tissue surface, i.e.,
biocompatibility
Pharmacological acceptability (nontoxic, nonallergenic
, nonimmunogenic, noncarcinogenic, etc.)
Chemically inert and stable (no time-dependent
degradation)
Adequate mechanical strength
Adequate fatigue life
Sound engineering design
Proper weight and density
Relatively inexpensive, reproducible, and easy to
fabricate and process for large-scale production

13Bio Material
http://embo.blogfa.com./coam6

14Bio Material
Metals
• stainless
steel
• cobalt
alloys
• titanium
alloys
Ceramics
Polymers
• Silicones
• Poly
ethylene
• Poly vinyl
chloride
• Polyureth
anes
• polylactid
es
Composite
• Collagen
• Gelatin
• Elastin
• Silk
• polysacc
harides
Classes of
Biomaterials:
•Aluminum
oxide
•Zirconia
•Calcium
phosphate
http://www.biomaterials.org/index.cfm

15Bio Material
Orthopedic
screws
fixation
Dental
Implants
Drug
Delivery
Devices
Skin
cartilage
Ocular
implants
Bone
replacemen
ts
Heart
valves
Dental
Implants
Biosensors
Implantable
Microelectr
es
Metals Polymers Ceramics Composites

16Bio Material
Bioceramics:
The class of
ceramics used for
repair and
replacement of
diseased and
damaged parts of
the musculoskeletal
system are referred
to as bioceramics.

introduction definition history generation characterization applications
refrences
17Bio Material
Bioceramics
Nearly inert bioceramics
LTI
Carbon
Ultra
LTI
carb
on
AL2O
3
ZrO2
Vitreous
carbon
Bioactive
ceramics
HA
Bio
activ
e
glass
Resorseable
bioceramics
TC
P
Calci
um
phosp
hate
TSA
Tissue
attachment
(Replacement)
Tissue
attachment
(Inteftacial
bonding)
Tissue attachment
(Mechanical)
http://www.brg.blogfa.com

18
Bioceramic Coatings:
Coatings of hydroxyapatite are often applied to
metallic implants (most commonly titanium/titanium
alloys and stainless steels) to alter the surface
properties.
Bone Fillers：
Hydroxyapatite may be employed in forms such as
powders, porous blocks or beads to fill bone defects or
voids.
Two forms for biomedical applications:
either dense or porous
http://biomaterials.materials.ox.ac.uk

19Bio Material
A10(BO4)6X2
The ability to integrate in bone
structures and support bone
ingrowth, without breaking down or
dissolving (i.e it is bioactive).
Hydroxyapatite is a thermally
unstable compound, decomposing at
temperature from about 800-1200 Oc
depending on its stoichiometry.
Generally speaking dense
hydroxyapatite does not have the
mechanical strength to enable it to
succeed in long term load bearing
applications http://www.biomaterials.org/index.cfm

20
Applications of Porous
Bioceramics:
Bio Material

21
Applications of Porous Bioceramics in
Cervical Vertebra:
Bio Material

22
Applications of Bioceramics in vertebral
column
Bio Material

23
Applications of Porous Bioceramics :
Bio Material

24
Applications of Porous Bioceramics in
Ophthalmology:
Bio Material

introduction definition history generation characterization applications
refrences
25
Bioceramics for Femur Fracture
Treatment:
Bio Material

26
Bioceramics for Bone Fillers:
Bio Material

27Bio Material
Advantages and disadvantages of
bioceramics: Biocompatible
Wear resistant
light weight
Low tensible
strength Difficult
to fabricate
Low toughness
Not resilient

28Bio Material
Advantages of polymeric biomaterials:
are ease of manufacturability to produce various
shapes (latex, film, sheet, fibers, etc.), ease of
secondary proccessability, reasonable cost, and
availability with desired mechanical and physical
properties.
B.D.Ratener,A.S.Hoffman,F.J.Scheon, J.E.Lemon,Biomaterials science,firth
edittion,2002,p 124-187

29Bio Material

30
Vascular grafts:
Basic Material:
Polyurethane , Teflon &
Dacron.
Challenge:
Maintenance of
mechanical integrity
Long term blood
compability ( avoidance
blood clotting)
Bio Material
http://www.biomat.net/index.php?id=6

An appropriate combination of
engineers, clinicians and basic science
researches will pave the way for the
development of better bio materials and
hence (medical) devices that will help
improve the quality of life of humans.
31Bio Material

32Bio Material

33
Bio Material
Reference
s:[1]. B.D.Ratner, A.S.Hoffman, F.J.Schoen, J.E.Lemon, biomaterial
scoence,academic press, firth edittion, 2002.
[2]. M. Wiens, X. H. Wang, U. Schloßmacher, I. Lieberwirth, G. Glasser, H.
Ushijima, H. C. Schröder and W. E. G. Müller, Osteogenic potential of bio-
silica on
human osteoblast-like (SaOS-2) cells, Calcif. Tissue Int., 2010, 87, 513–
524.
[3]. U. Schlossmacher, M. Wiens, H. C. Schröder, X. H. Wang, K. P.
Jochum and W. E. G. Müller, Silintaphin-1: interaction with silicatein during
structure guiding biosilica formation, FEBS J., 2011, 278, 1145–1155.[4]. M. T. Drake, B. Srinivasan, U. I. Mödder, J. M.
Peterson, L. K. McCready, B. L. Riggs, D. Dwyer, M.
Stolina, P. Kostenuik and S. Khosla, Effects of parathyroid
hormone treatment on circulating sclerostin levels in
postmenopausal women, J. Clin. Endocrinol.
Metab., 2010, 95, 5056–5062.
[5]. W. Zhai, C. He, L. Wu, Y. Zhou, H. Chen, J. Chang and H.
Zhang, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., Part B, 2012, 100, 1397–
1403.
[6]. H. Wu, G. Liu, S. Zhang, J. Shi, L. Zhang, Y. Chen, F.
Chena and H. Chena, J. Mater. Chem., 2011, 21, 3037–3045.

Bio material

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