A presentation on industrial hemp tracking the history of hemp and some of the most innovative companies in this emerging industry in the the United States.
RACHEL-ANN M. TENIBRO PRODUCT RESEARCH PRESENTATION
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Industrial Hemp: The Incredible Weed
1. Industrial Hemp a.k.a Cannabis Sativa sp. is not to be confused with Marijuana
All Hemp Species = 10% Marijuana 90% are hemp.
Hemp is low on Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a psycho active substance. But hemp is rich in Cannabidiol (CBD).
Hemp fiber is known to be the strongest, in comparison to any other plant species and are able to be process into countless products.
INDUSTRIAL HEMP
Sean Murphy
Managing Partner
Miracle Ventures
http://MiracleVentures.com
Sean@MiracleVentures.com
303-225-5776
2. WHAT IS HEMP?
There are many different varieties of cannabis plants. Marijuana and hemp come from the same
species of plant, Cannabis Sativa, but from different varieties or cultivars. However, hemp is
genetically different and is distinguished by its use and chemical makeup, as well as by differing
cultivation practices in its production.
Hemp, also called 'industrial hemp,' refers to cannabis varieties that are primarily grown as an
agricultural crop (such as seeds and fiber, and byproducts such as oil, seed cake, hurds) and is
characterized by plants that are low in THC (delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol).
Hemp fiber is known to be the strongest, in comparison to any other plant species, and is able to
processed into numerous products.
4. HEMPVS. MARIJUANA
Marijuanaâs high THC content is primarily
in the flowering tops and to a lesser
extent in the leaves. THC levels for
marijuana are much higher than for
hemp, and are reported to average about
10%; some sample tests indicate THC
levels reaching 20%-30%, or greater.
A level of about 1% THC is considered the
threshold for cannabis to have a
psychotropic effect or an intoxicating
potential. Current laws regulating hemp
cultivation in the European Union (EU)
and Canada use 0.3% THC as the dividing
line between industrial and potentially
drug-producing cannabis. Cultivars having
less than 0.3% THC can be cultivated
under license, while cultivars having more
than that amount are considered to have
too high a drug potential.
Source: Johnson, RenĂŠe, "Hemp As An Agricultural Commodity,"
Congressional Research Service (Washington, DC: Library of Congress, July
24, 2013), pp. 1-2.
http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL32725.pdf
8. THE HISTORY OF HEMP
8000 B.C
Hemp fabric provides
80% of sustainable
textiles.
4800 B.C
A vase decorated
with hemp cords
prints, proved that
hemp has culture
influence.
1000 B.C
Hemp is the world's largest agricultural crop,
providing materials to support civilization's most
important industries, including fiber for fabric and
rope, lamp oil for lighting, paper, medicine and
food for both humans and domesticated animals.
100 A.D
Chinese discover how to
make paper from hemp.
9. 1619
America's first hemp law
is enacted at Jamestown
Colony, Virginia,
ordering all farmers to
grow hemp. 1776
First and second drafts of the
Declaration of Independence are
written on hemp paper.
1790's
George Washington and
Thomas Jefferson grow hemp on
their plantations
1837 â 1901
Queen Victoria uses cannabis
resins to treat menstrual
cramps, sparking enormous
interest in the uses of cannabis
as a medicine in the English-
speaking world.
First Law!
HISTORY(CONT.)
10. 1916
U.S.D.A. publishes Bulletin No. 404, "Hemp Hurds As Paper-
Making Material," extolling and demonstrating the outstanding
qualities of paper manufactured from hemp-pulp, a new
process. The document was printed on hemp-pulp paper and
explained the new technology. Previously most all paper was
made with the hemp fiber content of 'rag' (worn out clothing).
1929
Henry Ford begins extensive research
into the production of methanol (as a
fuel) and the manufacture of plastics
from renewable vegetable crops,
including hemp.
1935
116 million pounds of
hemp seed are used
commercially in
America to manufacture
paint and varnish.
HISTORY(CONT.)
11. Jack Hererâs book The Emperor Wears No Clothes is the prime source for the hemp-conspiracy theory. It alleges that in the
mid-1930s, when the new mechanical hemp ďŹber stripping machines to conserve hempâs high-cellulose pulp ďŹnally became
state of the art, available and affordable, William Randolph Hearst, with enormous holdings in timber acreage and
investments in paper manufacturing, stood to lose billions of dollars and perhaps go bankrupt. Meanwhile, Lammont DuPont
in 1937 had just patented nylon and a new sulfate/sulďŹte process for making paper from wood pulp â so if hemp had not been
made illegal, 80 percent of DuPontâs business would never have materialized.
It was said Hearst and DuPont had a multi-million dollar deal in the works for a joint papermaking venture. These two moguls,
together with DuPontâs banker, Andrew Mellon, combined and co-ordinated their efforts to demonize âmarijuanaâ.
The sheer number of newspapers, tabloids, magazines and ďŹlm reels that Hearst controlled enabled him to quickly and
effectively inundate American media with his propaganda. Hearst preyed on existing prejudices by associating cannabis with
Mexican workers who he said threatened to steal American jobs and also African-Americans. With no strong voice to the
contrary, Hearst was persuasive in his appeal to prejudice.
THE CONSPIRACY
William Randolph Hearst Lammont DuPont Andrew Mellon
12. 1937
The Marihuana Tax Act HR 6385 was
enacted; this required a $1 tax stamp on
the cultivation of marihuana and hemp. Â
If somebody wanted to plant hemp, they
would have to buy a tax stamp from the
government. The issue for those in
opposition of this tax related to the
underhanded manner in which this tax
was enacted. Â Which means the
government is not giving out any tax
stamps. So begins the prohibition of
hemp and marijuana.
1938
The February issue of
Popular Mechanics runs a
story, (prepared before the
1937 legislation was enacted)
titled: "New Billion Dollar
Crop."
Prohibition!
HISTORY(CONT.)
13. 1941
December issue of Popular Mechanics
features a story on Henry Ford, showing a
picture of the car he "grew from the soil."
The automobile's "plastic panels with
impact strength 10 times greater than steel
were made from flax, wheat, hemp, and
spruce pulp." The auto weighed 1/3 less
than its 100% steel contemporaries.
1942
U.S. government overrides its own ban on
hemp and distributes 400,000 pounds of
hemp seed to U.S farmers who produce
42,000 tons of hemp fiber annually to
support the war effort until 1946. U.S.
farmers, are inundated by "Uncle Sam"
with incentives to grow hemp. The
U.S.D.A. makes it mandatory for farmers
to attend showings of the "Hemp For
Victory" film. Farmers and their sons
who agree to grow hemp are exempt from
military service, even though America is
at war.
HISTORY(CONT.)
Henry Ford
14. The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 (CSA, 21 U.S.C. §801 et. seq.) classifies marijuana as Schedule I controlled
substance, placing it among the most harmful and dangerous drugs. Marijuana meets the criteria because of its THC
content, which is a âpsychoactive hallucinogenic substance with a high potential for abuse.â
A key classification made by the CSA regarding marijuana was its broad definition of the drug. The CSA defines
marijuana as follows: "The term ââmarihuanaâ means all parts of the plant Cannabis sativa L., whether growing or not;
the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any part of such plant; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative,
mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds or resin.
This effectively placed the entire use of the hemp plant, whether for drug use or as industrial hemp, squarely under
the control of the CSA. Therefore, the DEA views industrial hemp (even that containing less than 3% THC) as the
same as marijuana grown for drug use (which commonly contains a 24% THC level, or eighty times more THC).
CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT OF 1970
Strictly speaking, the CSA does not make growing industrial hemp illegal; rather, it places strict controls on the
production of hemp, making it illegal to grow the crop without a DEA permit.
15. 1994
Under the CNCA, one license was
granted to a Canadian company,
Hempline Inc., to grow hemp
experimentally in Canada under the
strict supervision of the authorities.
1996
The Canadian federal government
passed Bill C8 stating that mature
hemp stalks are exempted from the
list of controlled substances.
1998
The Canadian
government
legalizes the
commercial
growth of
industrial hemp.
HISTORY(CONT.)
1995 - an increasing number of state legislatures began to consider a variety of initiatives related to industrial hemp.
Most of these have been resolutions calling for scientific, economic, or environmental studies, and some are laws
authorizing planting experimental plots under state statutes. Nonetheless, the actual planting of hemp, even for state-
authorized experimental purposes, remains regulated by the DEA under the Controlled Substances Act.
16. Approximately 30 countries in Europe, Asia, and North and South America currently permit farmers to grow hemp.
China is among the largest producing and exporting countries of hemp textiles and related products, as well as a major
supplier of these products to the United States. The European Union has an active hemp market, with production in most
member nations. Production is centered in France, the United Kingdom, Romania, and Hungary.
Acreage in hemp cultivation worldwide has been mostly flat to decreasing, reported at about 200,000 acres globally in
2011. Although variable year-to-year, global production has increased overall from about 250 million pounds in 1999 to
more than 380 million pounds in 2011, mostly due to increasing production of hemp seed. Upward trends in global hemp
seed production roughly track similar upward trends in U.S. imports of hemp seed and oil, mostly for use in hemp-based
foods, supplements, and body care products.
HEMP GOES GLOBAL
17. Colorado Amendment 64 was a popular initiative ballot measure to amend Colorado's
constitution, outlining a statewide drug policy for cannabis. The measure passed on
November 6, 2012, and along with a similar Washington measure marked "an electoral
first not only for America but for the world.â
Amendment 64, section 16 (d) to the Colorado Constitution defines Industrial hemp as
âa plant of the genus Cannabis and any part of that plant, whether growing or not,
containing a Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration of no more than 0.3%
on a dry weight basis.â Under Colorado State law any Cannabis with a percentage of
THC above 0.3% is considered marijuana.
AMENDMENT 64
18. THE INDUSTRIAL HEMP
REGULATORY PROGRAM ACT
The Industrial Hemp Regulatory Program Act was approved and signed by Governor Hickenlooper in May 2013. The
Colorado Department of Agriculture was given authority to begin developing the Rules for registration and inspection to
begin on March 1st, 2014.
The Department of Agriculture established the Industrial Hemp Advisory Committee and created rules to establish
registration and inspection protocols that will be conducive to the production and economic development of the
Industrial Hemp Industry in Colorado.
The Colorado Department of Agricultureâs regulatory role with Industrial Hemp is limited to registration of growers and
inspection of crop. The State of Colorado has no jurisdiction over many other factors that producers are faced
with. While Colorado legalized the production of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis spp), growing it is still considered illegal by
the Federal Law.
19. MAKING HISTORY, OCT. 2013
Ryan LoďŹin and the ďŹrst american hemp harvest in over 50 years!
21. THE FARM BILL
The new federal law, written by U.S. Rep. Jared Polis (D-Colo.) and U.S. Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-Ken.) allows for
an agricultural pilot programs for hemp âin states that permit the growth or cultivation of hempâ including Colorado. âIt is
a major policy shift,â said Tom Murphy, national outreach coordinator for Vote Hemp. âThe new federal law exempts
hemp from Controlled Substances Act and allows the state to regulate the growing of industrial hemp without risk of
prosecution.â Key language in the amendment eliminates the need for a permit to grow hemp from the Drug
Enforcement Agency, which was rarely issued.
Other introduced legislation, such as the Industrial Hemp Farming Act of 2013 (H.R. 525; S. 359), could allow for
possible commercial cultivation of industrial hemp in the United States. Those bills would amend the CSA to specify that
the term âmarijuanaâ does not include industrial hemp, which the bill would define based on its content of delta-9
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), marijuanaâs primary psychoactive chemical. Such a change could remove low-THC hemp
from being covered by the CSA as a controlled substance and subject to DEA regulation.
The two-page section outlines how states that have legalized hemp can set up pilot programs to grow the crop.
Provisions of the federal law state: Only institutions of higher education, as defined by law, or state department of
agriculture may grow or cultivate industrial hemp. Industrial hemp grown cannot have more than 0.3 percent delta-9
tetrahydroccannabinol concentration (THC). Medical and recreational grades of marijuana contain 10 to 15 percent THC.
Sites used for growing or cultivating industrial hemp must be certified by and registered with the Colorado Department of
Agriculture. Authorizes agricultural departments of states that have legalized hemp to create regulations for the pilot
program.est from the public for hemp, and CSU could play a role. âIt may be a good opportunity, and I believe the upper
administration is looking into it,â Berrada said. âBefore, it has always been avoided because it was a threat to our federal
funding, but the Farm Bill eliminates that problem.
More: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/08/us/politics/farm-bill.html?_r=0
22. Official registration for farmers to cultivate hemp began on March 1, 2014 and will extend through
May 1st. So far, about 60 farmers, researchers and businesses have registered.
1. R & D is limited to 10 acres or less and will be charged a registration fee of $100 plus $5/acre.
2. Commercial registrants are not limited in size of acreage and will be charged a registration
fee of $200 plus $1.00/acre.
Two Types of Registration
COLORADO LEADERSHIP
23. To date, 33 states and Puerto Rico have introduced pro-hemp
legislation and 22 states have passed pro-hemp legislation.
Thirteen states have defined industrial hemp as distinct and removed
barriers to its production. These states will be able to take immediate
advantage of the industrial hemp research and pilot program
provision, Section 7606 of the Farm Bill:
California, Colorado, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Montana, Nebraska,
North Dakota,Oregon, Utah, Vermont, Washington, and West Virginia.
Three states (Hawaii, Kentucky, and Maryland) have passed bills
creating commissions or authorizing research.
Nine states have passed hemp resolutions: California, Colorado,
Illinois, Montana, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota,
Vermont and Virginia.
Eight states have passed hemp study bills: Arkansas, Illinois, Maine,
Minnesota, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, and Vermont.
Many other states have done studies without legislative directive.
POWERTOTHE STATES
24. PRIMARY CHALLENGE
1. Establish a Seed Bank to get safe,
verifiable hemp seed
This new legislation could (and should) remove low-THC hemp from being
covered by the CSA as a controlled substance and subject to DEA regulation.
Seed Procurement/Seed Quality
Seed that exists in Colorado may be variable and have unknown THC levels. Sampling of hemp fields
will be conducted. Plant samples testing at levels higher than 0.3% THC will be in violation of the
Colorado Industrial Hemp Registration and Production Act. Importation of viable industrial hemp seed
across State lines and Country boundaries is illegal under the Federal Controlled Substances Act.
Ultimate Solution: National Legalization
Declassify Marijuana and Industrial Hemp from Controlled Substances Act
SOLUTIONS
2. Pass Industrial Hemp Farming Act of 2013
26. OTHER CHALLENGES
⢠Pesticides - There are not any pesticides (herbicides, insecticides,
fungicides, etc.) currently registered for use on Cannabis spp. (Industrial
Hemp and marijuana) due to the predominant federal nature of pesticide
regulation. The CDA is putting together a list of pesticides that could be used
on Cannabis spp. and not constitute a violation of pesticide labeling or other
federal and state pesticide laws and regulations. This list will be extremely
limited.
⢠Federal farm programs such as crop insurance, farm loans and conservation
reserve may be jeopardized if industrial hemp is planted; these programs are
managed by USDA a Federal Agency.
⢠Banking â banks including state-chartered banks may be reluctant to provide
services to Cannabis growers for fear of being prosecuted for federal laws
and regulations violations.
⢠Processing - Industrial hemp must be processed prior to shipment out of
Colorado. Coloradoâs industrial hemp rules state that industrial hemp
producers must provide documentation of in state processing as part of
registration. It is unknown at this time how many processing facilities will be
available in Colorado at time of harvest.
31. THE MANY
USES OF
HEMP
- Food
- Fiber
- Soil Purifier
- Water Purifier
- Clothing
- Paper
- Construction Materials
- Plastic
- Weed Control
- Biomass Fuel
32.
33. - Wheat and corn can produce around 8.5 tons of material per hectare, per year. Hemp
produces 25 tons.
- Oil palm takes 5 years before it fruits. Wood tree takes 50 â 100 years to mature. Hemp
matures in 4 months, so it can be harvested 3 times a year.
- Usable fibers from 1 acre of hemp equals the usable fibers from 4 acres of wood and 2
acres of cotton.
- Hemp is naturally a hardy plant. Pest resistance means it needs less or no pesticide to
cultivate.
- Hemp is draught resistant.
HEMP COMPARED
Hemp Wheat Corn
34. INDUSTRY SNAPSHOT
- Because there is no commercial industrial hemp production in the United States, the U.S. market
is largely dependent on imports.
- The total U.S. retail value of hemp products in 2012 was nearly $500 million, which includes
food and body products, clothing, auto parts, building materials and other products.
- Of this, the value of hemp-based food, supplements, and body care sales in the United States is
about $156 million to $171 million annually.
- Previous reports about the size of the U.S. market for hemp clothing and textiles is estimated at
about $100 million annually.
Source: Hemp Industries Association (HIA)
35. HEMP AS BIOFUEL
Henry Ford's first Model-T was built to run on hemp
gasoline and the CAR ITSELF WAS CONSTRUCTED
FROM HEMP!
- Hemp fuel burns cleans. Hemp has 4 times the bio mass and 8 times the methanol
potential, compared to the current main bio mass fuel, corn.
- If hemp was planted on just 6% of the continental America, it can sustainably
supply the demand for gas and fuel, for the whole country.
36. HEMP AS PAPER
- Hemp paper found 200 years before Cai Lun (the inventor of paper) (50-121 AD)
started standardizing the paper making process.
- Hemp paper lasts longer and is more durable than conventional wood pulp papers.
- Trees for paper take many years to mature. Hemp for paper takes 4 months to mature.
37. HEMP AS A SOIL & WATER PURIFIER
- Hemp has a natural and unique ability to detoxify the land it is planted on.
- It can absorb leftover phosphorous on farm land, after the use of poultry fertilizers.
- It can also absorb other harmful substances.
- Currently hemp is being planted in Chernobyl, Russia.
- The Japan government should consider hemp for the Fukushima incident.
38. HEMP AS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
- Hemp fibers mixed with some bonding agent will create Hempcrete.
- Hemcrete is a building bricks, lighter than normal building bricks.
- Hemcrete is fire retardant.
- 1 cubic meter of Hemcrete wall will absorb 165kg of Co2 overtime.
- Hemp fibers can also be turned into wall insulations.
39. - Conventional plastics are petroleum based product (i.e. not a sustainable source)
- Conventional plastics take more than 100 years to barely decompose and release harmful gasses.
- Hemp plastics are bio-degradable, and do not release any harmful substance.
- Hemp plastics are plant based and are sustainable. Cellulose is one of the most abundant organic compounds under the
sun, and the hemp plant contains 75% cellulose.
- Currently Audi, BMW, Ford, Chrysler, Honda, GM, Iveco, Lotus, Mercedes, Mitsubishi, Volkswagen, Porsche, and Volvo
HEMP AS PLASTIC
40. HEMP AS FOOD
- Hemp seed oil contains 80% Essential Fatty Acids (EFA) e.g. Omega 3 - 6
- Hemp protein contains all 21 known amino acids, including 9 that an adult body cannot
naturally produce.
- Hemp protein is a complete protein, and easily absorbable
41.
42. HEMP AS FIBER
- Cotton Fibers = 1 - 2 mm vs. Hemp Fibers = 4 - 5 meters
- Stronger than cotton and was the original material for Levis Strauss jeans.
- Softer, warmer, and more water resistant than cotton.
- High insulation factor. Keeps you cool on warm days, and keeps you warm on cold nights.
43. HEMP AS ANTI-MICROBIAL
Twilite Linens
Hemp fabric was tested against two bacteria strains, Staphylococcus Aureus (staph) and Klebsiella Pneumoniae (pneumonia). The fabric tested was a
hemp blend, 60% hemp and 40% rayon. The staph test sample was already 98.5% bacteria free during the first measurement of the testing, while the
pneumonia fabric sample was 65.1% bacteria free.
âIt is estimated that each year 2 million Americans become infected during hospital stays, and at least 90,000 of
them die. MRSA (an antibiotic resistant strain of staph) is a leading cause of hospital-borne infections.â One of the
most important recent discoveries is hempâs ability to kill surface bacteria, while cotton, polyester, and
polyethelene allow it to remain on surfaces for up to months at a time.
51. END OF LIFE CARE
The Problem
Opiate Abuse, Dependency and Over Sedation
Morphine, Heroine, Codeine, Oxycodone, Hyrdocone
The Solution
Alternative and Complimentary applications of
Cannabinoid based products
Cannabidiol (CBD) Cannabigerol (CBG)Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
52. CLOSINGTHOUGHTS
- Hemp production in the U.S. still faces challenges and
obstacles in the foreseeable future.
- U.S. faces competition from global suppliers.
- Nevertheless, the U.S. market for hemp-based
products is highly dedicated and growing.
- Numerous product and business opportunities exist.
- Focused on innovative hemp consumer product
applications and healthcare opportunities.
53.
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