5R- Reduce, Recycle, Reuse, Refuse and Recover from waste water with case studies of Indian and foreign Industries with cost-economics.

1. REFUSE, REDUCE, RECYCLE,
REUSE, RECOVERY
Akash Tikhe
akashtk92@gmail.com

2. RECYCLING
 Recycled water, is former wastewater that is treated to remove
solids and certain impurities, and used in sustainable landscaping
irrigation or to recharge groundwater aquifers.
 Recycled water can be use for agricultural and landscape
irrigation, industrial processes, toilet flushing, and to recharge
ground water basins.

4. USE OF RECYCLED WATER
 Agriculture
 Landscape
 Public parks
 Golf course irrigation
 Cooling water for power plants and oil refineries
 Processing water for mills, plants
 Toilet flushing
 Dust control
 Construction activities
 Concrete mixing
 Artificial lakes

6. REUSE
 Water reuse describes the process whereby wastewater treated to
an appropriate standard, is reused for a variety of beneficial
purposes. The treated water ready to be reused is termed recycled
or reclaimed water.

7. TYPE OF WASTEWATER FOR REUSE
Greywater
Bathroom, washbasin,
laundry, kitchen waste
Blackwater
Toilet flushing
toilet flushing
clothes washing
gardening
suitable only for outdoor use i.e.
groundwater recharge, fountains

8. REUSE OF GREYWATER

9. GREYWATER TREATMENT
 The treatment may be biological, chemical or mechanical.
 The qualities of treated water they produce can vary
considerably, as well as their energy consumption and initial
cost.

10. DISINFECTION
 Disinfection is required for indoor re-use of greywater, which
requires regular maintenance.
 Chlorine is most commonly used for disinfection. However, it has
adverse environmental impacts.
 Alternatives disinfectant can be ultraviolet (UV) or ozone.

11. RELIANCE PETROLEUM LIMITED, JAMNAGAR
Wastewater Reclamation Plant
(capacity=48,000 m³/d)
LTDS
(oily condensates &
contaminated storm waters)
TDS <500 mg/l
Chloride <300 mg/l
HTDS
(oily wastewater & contains
dissolved salts such as NaCI,
neutralized spent caustic and
contaminated cooling water
TDS – 1000 to 2000 mg/l
cooling tower
for local green belt
development
irrigation
Cooling tower
Primary treatment
API-separator and
dissolved air flotation for
oil removal
ASP
&
Biotowers with plastic
packings
Dual media FiltersGranular Activated Carbon
Biological treatment
Tertiary FiltrationAdvance treatment
Effluent Treatment
Plant

12. ADVANTAGES
 Use less water resources.
 Irrigate your gardens during drought water restrictions.
 Cut down the amount of pollution going into our waterways.
 Help save money on new infrastructure for water provision and
wastewater treatment.

13. ISSUES
 Reusing greywater for washing clothes may cause
discoloration of clothing due to dissolved organic material.
This can be avoided by installing an activated carbon filter.
 It cannot be stored untreated for longer than a few hours as it
begins to turn septic and smell.
 It can contain significant numbers of pathogens which spread
disease.
 The mode of living in home i.e. holiday home that have
intermittent use

14. ISSUES
 Seasonal variation in generation of wastewater
 In order to re-use greywater indoors for toilet flushing and
clothes washing you will need to firstly:
 Separate greywater and blackwater waste streams.
 Install a greywater treatment and disinfection
 Financial cost of installing and maintaining a re-use system

15. REDUCE
 Take a short shower
 Use appropriate shower head
 Wash full load for laundry
 Regular maintenance and repairing of water leakages
 Choose recycled product
 Avoid using dishwasher
 Water the lawn early in the morning
 Avoid using running tap in wash basin while brushing and
shaving
 Avoid unnecessary flushing

16. REDUCTION OF WASTEWATER IN INDUSTRIES
Key steps of Wastewater Management
Step 1: Analyze manufacturing processes; gain an understanding
of how wastewater is produced.
Step 2: Develop a pollution prevention program based on the
gained knowledge from analyzing the manufacturing process.
Step 3: Choice of candidate treatment technology for proper
process control and waste minimization.

17. WHAT CAN WE RECOVER FROM WASTEWATER?
Water Reuse
Bio-Energy
Salts
((Organic)
Fertilizer

23. THANK YOU