Communication service providers have started to re-think the network with the objective to remove the walls between network services and network infrastructure, reduce expenditures and to achieve network elasticity and scalability. This new vision aims to change the way telcos are building and managing their networks and spans Software Defined Networking (SDN) as well as Network Functions Virtualization (NFV). As many network services will be comprised of virtualized network functions together with non-virtualized network functions, the expectations for a new operational model are including, among others, a real-time, zero-touch and fully programmable OSS that will share responsibilities with legacy OSS, Cloud Management/ Orchestration System, SDN Controllers and a new OSS for Applications. Follow David Amzallag on twitter @david_amzallag