Diploma in Nursing Admission Test Question Solution 2023.pdf
Cultural dynamics in assessing global markets
1. " In The Name of Allah, The Most Beneficent, The Most
Merciful, The Most Kind. "
2. CULTURAL DYNAMICS IN
ASSESSING GLOBAL
MARKETS
A Presentation By,
Fahmeed Hanif
To,
Sir Faheem Ali.
3. OVERVIEW
The importance of Culture to an International Marketer,
Definition and Origins of Culture.
The Elements of Culture.
Cultural knowledge and Cultural change.
4. CULTUR E ’ S P E RVA S I V E
IMPACT
Culture affects every part of our lives, every day, from birth to
death, and everything in between.
As countries move from agricultural to industrial to services
economies’ birthrates decline.
Consequences of consumption
Culture not only affects consumption, it also affects production
5. DEFINITIONS AND
ORIGINS OF CULTURE
Most traditional definitions of culture state that culture is the sum of the
values, rituals, symbols, beliefs, and thought processes that are learned, shared
by a group of people, and transmitted from generation to generation.
Humans make adaptations to changing environments through innovation.
Individuals learn culture from social institutions through:
• Socialization (growing up)
• Acculturation (adjusting to a new culture)
6. DEFINITIONS AND
ORIGINS OF CULTURE
Geography
History
Technology
The political and economic systems
• Three approaches to governance competed for world dominance:
• Fascism
• Communism
• Democracy/Free Enterprise
• Islamic Law
7. DEFINITIONS AND
ORIGINS OF CULTURE
Social institutions
• Family
• Favoritism of boys in some cultures
• Religion
• Misunderstanding of beliefs
• School
• No country has been successful economically with less than
50% literacy.
• Corporations
• Most innovations are introduced to societies by companies
8. DEFINITIONS AND
ORIGINS OF CULTURE
The media
• Media time has replaced family time
Government
• Governments try to influence the thinking and behaviors of adult
citizens.
Cultural values
• Individualism/Collectivism Index
• Power Distance Index
• Uncertainty Avoidance Index
• Cultural Values and Consumer Behavior
Rituals
• Marriage
• Funerals
9. ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
Social Organization
When a culture organizes its members into smaller groups
What might some smaller groups be in a culture?
• Families
• Friends
• Religious groups
• Social classes
• Occupation
• Interest groups
10. ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
Social Organization, cont.
- family: the most important unit of social organization
• Nuclear family- husband, wife, children
• Extended family- several generations in one household
- respect for elders is usually strong in extended fams.
social classes: a way to rank people in order of status
• What can social class be based on?
• Money
• Occupation
• Education
• Race
• Etc.
11. ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
Customs and Traditions
• Rules of behavior (written and unwritten)
Language
• Important for communication and passing on traditions and beliefs
Arts and Literature
• Teach about a culture’s values
• Promote cultural pride and unity
• Could include technology and entertainment
12. ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
Religion
• Monotheism: belief in one god
• Polytheism: belief in more than one god
Major World Religions
• Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism
Forms of Government
• People form governments to provide for their common needs ; Types
• Democracy: people have supreme power
• Republic: people choose leaders to represent them
• Dictatorship: a ruler or group holds power by force
13. ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
Economic Systems
• Resources a community has
• Four types
1. Traditional: people produce most of what they need to survive
2. Market: basic economic questions are answered by buying/selling goods
and services
3. Command: government controls answers to economic questions
4. Mixed: individuals make some economic decisions, the government
makes others
14. CULTURAL KNOWLEDGE
Factual knowledge vs. interpretive knowledge
• Has meaning as a straightforward fact about a culture but assumes
additional significance when interpreted within the context of the
culture.
Cultural sensitivity and tolerance
• Being attuned to the nuances of culture so that a new culture can be
viewed objectively and appreciated.
• Cultures are not right or wrong, better or worse, they are simply
different.
• The more exotic the situation, the more sensitive, tolerant, and
flexible one needs to be.
15. CULTURAL CHANGE
Cultural borrowing:
• Effort to learn from other cultures for better solutions to a
society’s particular problems.
Similarities: an illusion
• A common language does not guarantee a similar
interpretation of word or phrases.
Resistance to change:
• Cultural growth does not occur without some resistance.
• Resistance to genetically modified (GM) foods