2016-8-24 Finding, Using, and Sharing Free Online Learning Materials

Finding, Using, and
Sharing Free Online
Learning Materials
August 24, 2016
Mathieu Plourde

About
• Mathieu Plourde
Ed.D. in Educational Leadership Candidate
M.B.A.
• Educational Technologist/LMS Project Leader
IT-Academic Technology Services
University of Delaware
KCTOOER-M.Plourde-August24,2016
www.google.com/
+MathieuPlourde
@mathplourdebit.ly/mathplourde

HISTORY LESSON
A little

Traditional software model
Credit: somethingstartedcrazy and Rob on Flickr.

Open source software
USERS DEVELOPERS

Source: Apple Just Ended the Era of Paid Operating Systems (Wired)

Gratis
Libre
&
(free of charge)
(freedom of use)
Credit: Empty pocket graphic by USW-UniLife on Flickr.

COPYRIGHT AND FAIR USE

“The Congress shall have Power …
To promote the Progress of Science
and useful Arts, by securing for
limited Times to Authors and
Inventors the exclusive Right to
their respective Writings and
Discoveries.”
- United States Constitution, Article I, Section 8

Fair Use
https://youtu.be/8tWhKeb-fUQ

Four Factors
• The purpose of the use.
• The nature of the use.
• The amount copied.
• The effect on the market.

PURPOSE OF THE USE NATURE OF THE COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL
Favoring Fair Use Weighing against Fair Use Favoring Fair Use Weighing against Fair Use
 Educational
 Teaching (including
multiple copies for
classroom use)
 Research
 Scholarship
 Criticism
 Comment
 Parody
 Transformative or changes
the work to a new purpose
 Nonprofit use
 Commercial, entertainment
or for profit
 Public distribution
 Verbatim or exact copy, not
transformative
 Factual, nonfiction, news
 Published Work
 Creative (art, music, fiction)
or consumable work
(workbook, test)
 Unpublished work
AMOUNT COPIED EFFECT ON THE MARKET FOR THE ORIGINAL
 Small quantity (e.g. single
chapter or journal article,
other short excerpt consisting
of less than 10% of the work)
 Portion used is not central to
work as a whole
 Amount is appropriate to the
educational purpose
 Large portion or entire work
 Portion used is central or the
“heart” of the work
 Includes more than necessary
for the educational purpose
 No significant effect on the
market or potential market
for the copyrighted work
 One or few copies made
and/or distributed
 No longer in print; absence of
a licensing mechanism
 Restrict access (limited to
students in a class or other
appropriate group)
 One-time, spontaneous use
(no time to obtain permission)
 Cumulative effect of copying
would be to substitute for
purchase of work
 Numerous copies are made
and/or distributed
 Reasonably available licensing
mechanism for obtaining
permission exists (CCC license
or off-print for sale)
 Repeated or long-term use

PURPOSE OF THE USE NATURE OF THE COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL
 Educational
 Teaching (including
multiple copies for
classroom use)
 Research
 Scholarship
 Criticism
 Comment
 Parody
 Transformative or changes
the work to a new purpose
 Nonprofit use
 Commercial, entertainment
or for profit
 Public distribution
 Verbatim or exact copy, not
transformative
 Factual, nonfiction, news
 Published Work
 Creative (art, music, fiction)
or consumable work
(workbook, test)
 Unpublished work
AMOUNT COPIED EFFECT ON THE MARKET FOR THE ORIGINAL
 Small quantity (e.g. single
chapter or journal article,
other short excerpt consisting
of less than 10% of the work)
 Portion used is not central to
work as a whole
 Amount is appropriate to the
educational purpose
 Large portion or entire work
 Portion used is central or the
“heart” of the work
 Includes more than necessary
for the educational purpose
 No significant effect on the
market or potential market
for the copyrighted work
 One or few copies made
and/or distributed
 No longer in print; absence of
a licensing mechanism
 Restrict access (limited to
students in a class or other
appropriate group)
 One-time, spontaneous use
(no time to obtain permission)
 Cumulative effect of copying
would be to substitute for
purchase of work
 Numerous copies are made
and/or distributed
 Reasonably available licensing
mechanism for obtaining
permission exists (CCC license
or off-print for sale)
 Repeated or long-term use
™ Disney Corporation

TEXTBOOKS

http://www.delawareonline.com/story/news/education/2016/08/17/ud-senior-takes-text-book-tyranny/88891288/

Increase in textbook prices and
college tuition (GAO)

Demand for degrees
McCoy, D., Schiller, S. R., Frank, E., & Schiller, S. (2011, April 4). Textbook
Affordability: Emerging Solutions in Ohio. Webinar, . Retrieved from
http://www.educause.edu/Resources/TextbookAffordabilityEmergingS/226560

Low-cost pathways

Open textbooks in K12
• State of Utah pilot provides a printed copy for $5
per student.
• Replaces a 7 year cycle.
• Fresh content every year, students keep the book.
• Open textbook calculator:
• http://openedgroup.org/calculator/
David Wiley, http://www.slideshare.net/opencontent/the-5-texbook

State of Washington
The Open Course Library has saved students $5.5 million in textbook
costs to date, including $2.9 million during the 2012-2013 academic year
alone.”

Tidewater Community
College
“For students who pursue the new “textbook-free”
degree, the total cost for required textbooks will
be zero. Instead, the program will use high quality
open textbooks and other open educational
resources, known as OER, which are freely
accessible, openly licensed materials useful for
teaching, learning, assessment and research. It is
estimated that a TCC student who completes the
degree through the textbook-free initiative might
save one-third on the cost of college.”
http://www.tcc.edu/news/press/2013/TextbookFreeDegree.htm

http://achievingthedream.org/resources/initiatives/open-educational-resources-oer-degree-initiative

OPEN EDUCATION

Open education
"...is the simple and powerful idea that the
world’s knowledge is a public good and that
technology in general and the Worldwide
Web in particular provide an extraordinary
opportunity for everyone to share, use, and
reuse knowledge."
—The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation

Learning materials
Collection Learning object

Learning materials
Collection Learning object
Whole
Traditional
Fixed
Peer-reviewed
"Nugget"
Innovative
Evolving
"Wisdom of the crowd"

What makes a resource open?
• David Wiley's 5Rs:
• Retain – the right to make, own, and control copies of the
content
• Reuse – the right to use the content in a wide range of ways
(e.g., in a class, in a study group, on a website, in a video)
• Revise – the right to adapt, adjust, modify, or alter the
content itself (e.g., translate the content into another
language)
• Remix – the right to combine the original or revised content
with other open content to create something new (e.g.,
incorporate the content into a mashup)
• Redistribute – the right to share copies of the original
content, your revisions, or your remixes with others (e.g., give
a copy of the content to a friend)

Copyright licensing
• Open educational resources (OER) are powered
by Creative Commons. The author sets the
acceptable uses from the get-go.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/

BARRIERS TO OPEN

Perception of quality
• Outside resources:
• “Not mine”
• “Not peer-reviewed”
• “Not someone I know”
• Personal resources:
• Copyright confusion
• “Not perfect enough to
share”

Startup cost and time
• Finding
• Vetting
• Sequencing
• Remixing
• Filling up gaps
• Assembling in a web format
• Missing ancillaries and homework-as-a-service

CONCLUSION

Learning resources ecosystem

UD Library
• Talk to your librarian about:
• Open textbooks
• Special collections
• Databases and e-texts

Curriculum design
• Commercial textbook
selection
• Build from scratch • Learning objectives
• Course outline
• Explore OER
• Identify gaps
• Explore commercial
options
• Remix, repurpose
• Build, share, improve

Course continuous
improvement with OER

Open as a competitive
advantage
• Selling your program/course as “textbook-free”
• Custom course content vetted and adapted yearly
by professors
• 21st century scholarship (open and networked)
• Faculty development
• Public engagement

Explore OER on your own!
Explore and submit UD resources
http://ats.udel.edu/open
List of global resources
http://sites.udel.edu/open/finding/
OER Treasure Hunt
www.udel.edu/003275

Sharing an Item to OER
Commons
https://www.oercommons.org/

2016-8-24 Finding, Using, and Sharing Free Online Learning Materials

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