metabolism of lipid in human body

1. Lipid Metabolism

2. Presented by
Md.Monirujjaman
Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering

3. Defination of Lipid
• Lipids are a group of naturally occuring
molecules that includes fats,sterols,fat soluble
vitamin – A D E K, MONO
monoglycerids,triglycerids phospholipids and
other.
Lipids obtain animal source and plant source

4. Function of Lipid
• Storage energy in the body
• Given insulation in body
• Structure of cell membrane
• Hormone synthesis
• Organ paddy
• Fat soluble vitamin absorption
• Blood clotting
• Essential fatty acid
• Increase skin brightness
• Send and receive chemical signal

5. Fatty acid:
• Fatty acid are building block of the fat in our bodies and
And in the food we eat ,during digestion the body break
down fats into fatty acid .
Fatty acid made up of a hydrocarbon chain that terminate
with carboxyl acid group.
Obtain: animal fats, butter, lard,fish soybean ,olive oil ect.

6. Classification of fatty acid
There two type of Fatty acid
* Saturated fat
* Unsaturated fats
Unsaturated fat two type :
* Poly Unsaturated fats
* Monounsaturated fat
Poly Unsaturated fats two type :
Omega 3 and omega 6 that is essential fatty acid
Monounsaturated fat:
Omega 9

7. Process of β-oxidation of fatty acid

9. Bio synthesis of malonyl-CoA

10. • The input to fatty acid synthesis is acetyl-CoA, which is
carboxylated to malonyl-CoA.
• The ATP-dependent carboxylation provides energy
input. The CO2 is lost later during condensation with the
growing fatty acid. The spontaneous decarboxylation
drives the condensation.
•
• Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase catalyzes the 2-step reaction by
which acetyl-CoA is carboxylated to form malonyl-CoA.
• As with other carboxylation reactions (e.g., Pyruvate
Carboxylase), the enzyme prosthetic group is biotin.
• ATP-dependent carboxylation of the biotin, carried out
at one active site (1), is followed by transfer of the
carboxyl group to acetyl-CoA at a second active site (2)

11. Fatty acid synthesis multienzyme
complex:

12. hydratase
ACP
Ketoacyl synthase
Acetyle transcylase
Malonyl
transacylase
hydratase
Ketoacyle
reductase
ACP
Ketoacyl
synthase
Malonyl
transacylase

13. Cholesterol:
• Cholesterol is a waxy, fat, like substance, that foound in all
cell of the body . It is sterol ,lipid molecul and
biosynthesized by all animal cell.cause it is an essential
structural compounds of all animal cell.
• There are two type of Cholesterol:
* LDL-Low density lipoprotein (something is call
bad cholesterol )
* HDL- High density lipoprotein (something is call
good cholesterol)

14. Srructure of cholesterol

15. Function of cholesterol
• Cholesterol is a structural compound of cell membrane
• Manufacture of steroids like- hormon, vitamin D, sex
hormon
• Manufacture of bile acid in liver
• Fatty acid are transport to liver as cholesterol
• Source of energy
• Maintain body temperature
• Protecting internal organ
• Hormone production
• Vitamin D production in body etc.

16. 4 step biosynthesis of cholesterol

17. 1. Condensation of 3 acetate units to from
a-6 carbon intermediate in mamals.
3 acetate mevalonate
2. Convention of mevalonate to activate iso prene units.
mevalonate activated asi prene
3. Polimerized to form 30 carbon squalene –
4. squalene to from the 4 ring of steroid muscle with further
series of change to from cholesterol