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Therapeutic Colonoscopy
Lower Acute GIT bleeding
 PR must precede colonoscopy
 Preparation
 Small intestine (10%, blind)
 Colon (Angiodysplasia, Diverticulosis)
 Angiography
 CT angiography
 Others
 No barium
Intra-Operative Endoscopy
Obstruction
 Limitations and complications
 Stenting tumours up to sigmoid
 Untwisting volvulus
Polyps
 Snaring
 Preservation of rectum in total colectomy
Infammatory bowel disease
 Follow-up (complications)
 Deompression in acute dilatation
Tumours
 Distance from anal verge
 Associated polyps (Extent of resection /
polypectopy)
 Synchronous tumours
 Anastomotic recurrence / stricturing
 Tumour / Anastomotic bleeding
 Before reversal of Hartmann’s procedure
 Differentiation from other diseases
Fistula
 Recto vaginal fistula: Mass, from which?
 Biopsies
 Not very useful for colovesical
 Foreign body extraction
 Ablation of angiodysplasia
 Pre-operative marking
 NOTES
Do not do colonoscopy
 Colonic perforation / leakage
 Secondary peritonitis
 Most cases of obstruction
Do colonoscopy without colonic
symptoms
 Familial polyposis
 Inguinal hernia for first time in the elderly
 Iron deficiency anemia with no apparent
cause
 Hepatic focal lesion indefinitely hepatoma

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Therapeutic colonoscopy (2)

  • 2. Lower Acute GIT bleeding  PR must precede colonoscopy  Preparation  Small intestine (10%, blind)  Colon (Angiodysplasia, Diverticulosis)  Angiography  CT angiography  Others  No barium
  • 4. Obstruction  Limitations and complications  Stenting tumours up to sigmoid  Untwisting volvulus
  • 5. Polyps  Snaring  Preservation of rectum in total colectomy
  • 6. Infammatory bowel disease  Follow-up (complications)  Deompression in acute dilatation
  • 7. Tumours  Distance from anal verge  Associated polyps (Extent of resection / polypectopy)  Synchronous tumours  Anastomotic recurrence / stricturing  Tumour / Anastomotic bleeding  Before reversal of Hartmann’s procedure  Differentiation from other diseases
  • 8. Fistula  Recto vaginal fistula: Mass, from which?  Biopsies  Not very useful for colovesical
  • 9.  Foreign body extraction  Ablation of angiodysplasia  Pre-operative marking  NOTES
  • 10. Do not do colonoscopy  Colonic perforation / leakage  Secondary peritonitis  Most cases of obstruction
  • 11. Do colonoscopy without colonic symptoms  Familial polyposis  Inguinal hernia for first time in the elderly  Iron deficiency anemia with no apparent cause  Hepatic focal lesion indefinitely hepatoma