WordPress Code Architecture
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WordPress Code Architecture - revising the code architecture of the WordPress CMS and comparing it to the design patterns and core decisions in other CMS and frameworks based on PHP, Python, Ruby, Java and C#.
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WordPress Code Architecture
- 1. WordPress Code Architecture Mario Peshev @no_fear_inc WordPress Engineer DevWP.eu
- 2. Agenda • Leading Factors • Frontend • Backend • Users • Database • Helpers (Forms, etc) • Others
- 3. Mario Peshev • WordPress Architect @ DevriX • Former Java/PHP/Python Developer • WordPress Ambassador at SiteGround • @no_fear_inc • Open Source addict and Cofficer
- 4. Personal opinion about different platforms out there No flame wars intended
- 6. Leading Factors • PHP – most widespread across hosting vendors • Inspiration from predecessor (b2/cafelog), different from Rails and MVC-frameworks • PHP 5.2.4 support in Core • LAMP/LEMP stack
- 7. Main Differences • PHP is stateless and single-threaded • Default stack: Apache + PHP + MySQL • No MVC or complete OOP support • Framework out of a CMS (and not vice versa) • No non-traditional data storage layers • No REST support in core (until 4.0)
- 8. PHP 5.2.4 support Supporting 5.2.4 means that we can’t use: • namespaces • traits • Class::{expr}() • Late Static Binding • Closures (Anonymous functions) • Dynamic access to static methods
- 9. Frontend
- 11. Layouts and Views • Some MVC frameworks such as CakePHP:
- 13. AJAX Similar to ng-model/ng-bind in AngularJS
- 14. Backend
- 15. WordPress Backend • Flexible default admin panel • Complete views and listings for post types • User management and capability control • Settings, Media manager and much more • Reusable WP_List_Table Components
- 16. Alternative Admins Different Admin approaches for every popular CMS • Scaffolded admin panels from web frameworks • Admin components and user management extensions Extensibility vs. Complexity Dilemma
- 17. Data APIs • Wrappers and facade across post types • Unification in options – add_option, set_theme_mod,set_transient • Automatically serializing complex objects • Verifying for new records • Sanitizing data
- 18. Drupal Entity API You define your data types with most MVC frameworks. Drupal has the Entity API:
- 19. Environment
- 20. Default Infrastructure • These are not available as separate modules/components.
- 21. Hooks and DI • Actions and Filters in WordPress • Annotations and Attributes in other languages and platforms Streamlined vs. Layer-based application life cycle model
- 22. JSF Annotations
- 23. PHP has some, too! Doctrine:
- 24. Database
- 25. Database • Post Type API base • *_Query helper classes • wpdb class • Other helper CRUD functions
- 26. Challenges with Databases • Normalization vs. Denormalization • Data Decoupling • Data storage choices:
- 27. LINQ or even NoSQL
- 29. Forms • Token generation • Model-based validaiton • Unified access control
- 30. Hopes for the Settings API
- 31. Media Uploader and /uploads • Media uploader – wp-content/uploads for private documents
- 33. Other Areas • User Management • Multisite support • Tools and Libraries • Routing • Performance • Security • Packages and [Distributions]
- 34. Summary • WordPress is still AWESOME • There are just other ways to build an architecture • Other languages and platforms have their own strong sides too
- 35. Questions? Tweets as @no_fear_inc Mario Peshev on LinkedIn nofearinc on WordPress.org GitHubering via mpeshev DevWP.eu - blog
- 36. Notes • Take a look at ExoWP • Definitely watch To OOP or not to OOP