SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 21
Download to read offline
A Level Biology
MAKING SENSE OF
Icons CC – The Pink Group
Copyright©2017HenryExham
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• This topic covers two major biochemical
processes: respiration and photosynthesis.
• In photosynthesis, plants produce their own food
source using the energy from the sun.
• In respiration the energy in food is transferred to
a molecule called ATP which can be used by living
cells to carry out the millions of metabolic
processes they need to do in order to function
normally.
2
Energy for Biological Processes
Introduction
A Level Biology
MAKING SENSE OF
Energy for Biological Processes
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
5.2 Glycolysis
5.3 Link Reaction and Krebs Cycle
5.4 Oxidative Phosphorylation
5.5 Anaerobic Respiration
5.6 Photosynthetic Pigments
5.7 Photosynthesis
3
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• Can you explain that cellular respiration yields
ATP which is used as a source of energy for
metabolic reactions, and the process also
generates heat?
• Are you able to outline the different stages in
aerobic respiration, including:
– glycolysis in the cytoplasm
– link reaction
– Krebs cycle
– oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria.
4
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
Objective Questions
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• The basic unit of life is a cell.
• In order for a cell to carry out the many metabolic
processes it does it needs energy.
• This energy comes from the chemical bonds in
food molecules.
• This energy is transferred to a molecule called
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) which is then used
for all the cell’s processes.
• Cellular respiration is the process which takes the
energy from food and turns it into ATP.
5
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
Introduction
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• What you should know already is that there
are two types of cellular respiration:
6
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
Revision
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• You should already know the basic summary
equation for aerobic respiration:
7
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
Revision
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• You should also keep in mind the following
basic points:
– This reaction is exothermic (gives out heat)
– The food substance that is broken down is known
as the respiratory substrate. It is most often
glucose but can be other molecules.
8
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
Basics
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• Here is a molecule of ATP.
• There is energy stored in the bonds.
• If you break the covalent bond between the last
two phosphates it releases some energy that the
cell can use.
• This is catalysed by the enzyme ATPase.
9
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
ATP
Adenine
Ribose
P P P
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• However, this reaction is reversible and you can
use the energy from food to ‘recharge’ the ATP
just like a recharging battery. 10
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
ATP
Adenine
Ribose
P P P
Adenine
Ribose
P P Pi
ATPase
Energy
ATP
ADP
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
11
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
ATP
Adenine
Ribose
P P P
Adenine
Ribose
P P P
ATPase
ATPase
ATP
ADP
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
12
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
ATP
Try this link to see
more about ATP
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• In reality aerobic respiration is a series of reactions.
• Most of which occur in the mitochondria.
13
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration Summary
Glycolysis Link Reaction
Electron
Transport Chain
Krebs Cycle
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• Most of the ATP is made through a series of oxidation
and reduction reactions that occur in the final stage of
the process at the electron transport chain.
14
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
Oxidation and Reduction
Lose electrons
(Remove hydrogen
or add oxygen )
Gain electrons
(Add hydrogen or
remove oxygen)
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• You can remember this easily by
thinking OIL RIG (Oxidation is loss,
reduction is gain).
15
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
OIL RIG
Lose electrons
(Remove hydrogen
or add oxygen )
Gain electrons
(Add hydrogen or
remove oxygen)
A Level Biology
MAKING SENSE OF
Energy for Biological Processes
5.1 Aerobic Respiration
5.2 Glycolysis
5.3 Link Reaction and Krebs Cycle
5.4 Oxidative Phosphorylation
5.5 Anaerobic Respiration
5.6 Photosynthetic Pigments
5.7 Photosynthesis
16
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
• Do you understand the conversion of
monosaccharides to pyruvate during glycolysis
in the cytoplasm, including:
– The phosphorylation of hexose molecules by ATP
– breakdown to glycerate 3-phosphate (GP)
– production of reduced coenzyme (NADH) and ATP
(details of intermediate compounds and other
reactions are not required).
17
5.2 Glycolysis
Objective Questions
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
18
5.2 Glycolysis
Aerobic Respiration Summary
Glycolysis Link Reaction
Electron
Transport Chain
Krebs Cycle
This splits the respiratory substrate
(glucose).
This happens in the cytoplasm of a cell and
doesn’t require any oxygen
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
19
5.2 Glycolysis
Glycolysis
6C Sugar
P
P
This means phosphates are added
2 x ATP
2 x ADP + Pi
glycerate 3-phosphate (GP)
This means splitting
P
P
2 x 3C Sugar
2 x Pyruvate
4 x ATP
4 x ADP + Pi
2 x NAD+ (coenzyme)
2 x NADH
The NADH will go to the
electron transport chain
which is explained later
Two ATPs are actually used
in phosphorylation
The phosphates are added
to the glucose
Then the 6C molecule is
split into two 3C molecules
These are then converted
to pyruvate
Two ATPs are made from
each 3C sugar so four are
made overall at this stage.
NAD+ also known as
coenzyme is reduced to make
NADH which means that it
gains 2 electrons and 2
hydrogens. This will be
explained in more detail later.
So overall 2ATPs and
2NADH are made in
Glycolysis
The pyruvate will now go
into the link reaction
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
20
End of Sample
Download
To download the whole
presentation visit
www.MrExham.com
This PowerPoint is protected under copyright.
It is designed for educational use. Either personal study or to be presented to a
class. It may be edited or duplicated for these purposes only.
It must not be shared or distributed online in any format.
Some images used are under a separate creative commons license, these are
clearly marked.
Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham
Brought to you by MrExham.com
TERMS AND CONDITIONS

More Related Content

What's hot

photosynthesis
photosynthesisphotosynthesis
photosynthesist7508119
 
Ch 11. transport in plants (2)
Ch 11. transport in plants (2)Ch 11. transport in plants (2)
Ch 11. transport in plants (2)Neelam Pani
 
Chapter 11 transport_in_plants
Chapter 11 transport_in_plantsChapter 11 transport_in_plants
Chapter 11 transport_in_plantsPunya M
 
Transport in animals
Transport in animalsTransport in animals
Transport in animalsSian Ferguson
 
Mr Exham IGCSE Biology - Cells
Mr Exham IGCSE Biology - CellsMr Exham IGCSE Biology - Cells
Mr Exham IGCSE Biology - Cellsmrexham
 
Transport in plant slides
Transport in plant   slidesTransport in plant   slides
Transport in plant slidesAlex Chiam
 
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Photosynthesis and cellular respirationPhotosynthesis and cellular respiration
Photosynthesis and cellular respirationDiane Blanco
 
Ch 9 transport in plants 2019
Ch 9 transport in plants 2019Ch 9 transport in plants 2019
Ch 9 transport in plants 2019Ruba Salah
 
Transport in plants
Transport in plantsTransport in plants
Transport in plantsRuba Salah
 
AS Level Biology - 9) Gas Exchange
AS Level Biology - 9) Gas ExchangeAS Level Biology - 9) Gas Exchange
AS Level Biology - 9) Gas ExchangeArm Punyathorn
 
Photosynthesis PPT FOR CLASS 9,10 and 11Th students
Photosynthesis PPT FOR CLASS 9,10 and 11Th studentsPhotosynthesis PPT FOR CLASS 9,10 and 11Th students
Photosynthesis PPT FOR CLASS 9,10 and 11Th studentsKumarlalit750
 
Cellular respiration
Cellular respirationCellular respiration
Cellular respirationASNasrullah
 
Transport in plants AS Biology [jm]
Transport in plants AS Biology  [jm]Transport in plants AS Biology  [jm]
Transport in plants AS Biology [jm]Jorge Pinto
 
Mr Exham IGCSE - Movement In And Out Of Cells
Mr Exham IGCSE - Movement In And Out Of CellsMr Exham IGCSE - Movement In And Out Of Cells
Mr Exham IGCSE - Movement In And Out Of Cellsmrexham
 
AS Level Biology - 7) Plant Transport
AS Level Biology - 7) Plant TransportAS Level Biology - 7) Plant Transport
AS Level Biology - 7) Plant TransportArm Punyathorn
 

What's hot (20)

photosynthesis
photosynthesisphotosynthesis
photosynthesis
 
Ch 11. transport in plants (2)
Ch 11. transport in plants (2)Ch 11. transport in plants (2)
Ch 11. transport in plants (2)
 
Chapter 11 transport_in_plants
Chapter 11 transport_in_plantsChapter 11 transport_in_plants
Chapter 11 transport_in_plants
 
Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesis
 
Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesis
 
Transport in animals
Transport in animalsTransport in animals
Transport in animals
 
Mr Exham IGCSE Biology - Cells
Mr Exham IGCSE Biology - CellsMr Exham IGCSE Biology - Cells
Mr Exham IGCSE Biology - Cells
 
Transport in plant slides
Transport in plant   slidesTransport in plant   slides
Transport in plant slides
 
Unit 6 energy, respiration and photosynthesis A Level
Unit 6 energy, respiration and photosynthesis A LevelUnit 6 energy, respiration and photosynthesis A Level
Unit 6 energy, respiration and photosynthesis A Level
 
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Photosynthesis and cellular respirationPhotosynthesis and cellular respiration
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
 
Ch 9 transport in plants 2019
Ch 9 transport in plants 2019Ch 9 transport in plants 2019
Ch 9 transport in plants 2019
 
Photosynthesis
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Photosynthesis
 
Transport in plants
Transport in plantsTransport in plants
Transport in plants
 
AS Level Biology - 9) Gas Exchange
AS Level Biology - 9) Gas ExchangeAS Level Biology - 9) Gas Exchange
AS Level Biology - 9) Gas Exchange
 
Photosynthesis PPT FOR CLASS 9,10 and 11Th students
Photosynthesis PPT FOR CLASS 9,10 and 11Th studentsPhotosynthesis PPT FOR CLASS 9,10 and 11Th students
Photosynthesis PPT FOR CLASS 9,10 and 11Th students
 
Cellular respiration
Cellular respirationCellular respiration
Cellular respiration
 
Transport in plants AS Biology [jm]
Transport in plants AS Biology  [jm]Transport in plants AS Biology  [jm]
Transport in plants AS Biology [jm]
 
Specialised cells
Specialised cellsSpecialised cells
Specialised cells
 
Mr Exham IGCSE - Movement In And Out Of Cells
Mr Exham IGCSE - Movement In And Out Of CellsMr Exham IGCSE - Movement In And Out Of Cells
Mr Exham IGCSE - Movement In And Out Of Cells
 
AS Level Biology - 7) Plant Transport
AS Level Biology - 7) Plant TransportAS Level Biology - 7) Plant Transport
AS Level Biology - 7) Plant Transport
 

Viewers also liked

Guide to Cambridge Pre-U Biology
Guide to Cambridge Pre-U BiologyGuide to Cambridge Pre-U Biology
Guide to Cambridge Pre-U Biologymrexham
 
IGCSE Biology Revision Quiz - Organisms and Life Processes
IGCSE Biology Revision Quiz - Organisms and Life ProcessesIGCSE Biology Revision Quiz - Organisms and Life Processes
IGCSE Biology Revision Quiz - Organisms and Life Processesmrexham
 
Mr Exham - Revision Tracker Sheet
Mr Exham - Revision Tracker SheetMr Exham - Revision Tracker Sheet
Mr Exham - Revision Tracker Sheetmrexham
 
A level Biology - Biological Molecules
A level Biology - Biological MoleculesA level Biology - Biological Molecules
A level Biology - Biological Moleculesmrexham
 
Mr Exham IGCSE - Classification
Mr Exham IGCSE - ClassificationMr Exham IGCSE - Classification
Mr Exham IGCSE - Classificationmrexham
 
A level Biology - Cells, Viruses and Reproduction of Living Things
A level Biology - Cells, Viruses and Reproduction of Living ThingsA level Biology - Cells, Viruses and Reproduction of Living Things
A level Biology - Cells, Viruses and Reproduction of Living Thingsmrexham
 
IGCSE Biology - Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
IGCSE Biology - Sexual and Asexual ReproductionIGCSE Biology - Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
IGCSE Biology - Sexual and Asexual Reproductionmrexham
 
Mr Exham's Guide to writing up a Biology Practical Investigation
Mr Exham's Guide to writing up a Biology Practical InvestigationMr Exham's Guide to writing up a Biology Practical Investigation
Mr Exham's Guide to writing up a Biology Practical Investigationmrexham
 
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 - Module 1 Revision Quiz
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 - Module 1 Revision QuizA2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 - Module 1 Revision Quiz
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 - Module 1 Revision Quizmrexham
 
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Test
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision TestAS OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Test
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Testmrexham
 
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.1 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.1 Eukaryotic Cell StructureCambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.1 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.1 Eukaryotic Cell Structuremrexham
 
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.3 DNA Replication
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.3 DNA ReplicationCambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.3 DNA Replication
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.3 DNA Replicationmrexham
 
Chapter 6 effects of ict on society
Chapter 6   effects of ict on societyChapter 6   effects of ict on society
Chapter 6 effects of ict on societyPratik Gupta
 
AS Level Biology - 1) Biological Molecules
AS Level Biology - 1) Biological MoleculesAS Level Biology - 1) Biological Molecules
AS Level Biology - 1) Biological MoleculesArm Punyathorn
 
Important Helpful Biology revision notes--Must See
Important Helpful Biology revision notes--Must SeeImportant Helpful Biology revision notes--Must See
Important Helpful Biology revision notes--Must Seeanicholls1234
 
IGCSE Biology Revision Notes
IGCSE Biology Revision NotesIGCSE Biology Revision Notes
IGCSE Biology Revision NotesRahul Jose
 
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 Module 3 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 Module 3 Revision TestA2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 Module 3 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 Module 3 Revision Testmrexham
 
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision TestA2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Testmrexham
 
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 - Module 1 Revision Test
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 - Module 1 Revision TestAS OCR Biology - Unit 1 - Module 1 Revision Test
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 - Module 1 Revision Testmrexham
 
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 1 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 1 Revision TestA2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 1 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 1 Revision Testmrexham
 

Viewers also liked (20)

Guide to Cambridge Pre-U Biology
Guide to Cambridge Pre-U BiologyGuide to Cambridge Pre-U Biology
Guide to Cambridge Pre-U Biology
 
IGCSE Biology Revision Quiz - Organisms and Life Processes
IGCSE Biology Revision Quiz - Organisms and Life ProcessesIGCSE Biology Revision Quiz - Organisms and Life Processes
IGCSE Biology Revision Quiz - Organisms and Life Processes
 
Mr Exham - Revision Tracker Sheet
Mr Exham - Revision Tracker SheetMr Exham - Revision Tracker Sheet
Mr Exham - Revision Tracker Sheet
 
A level Biology - Biological Molecules
A level Biology - Biological MoleculesA level Biology - Biological Molecules
A level Biology - Biological Molecules
 
Mr Exham IGCSE - Classification
Mr Exham IGCSE - ClassificationMr Exham IGCSE - Classification
Mr Exham IGCSE - Classification
 
A level Biology - Cells, Viruses and Reproduction of Living Things
A level Biology - Cells, Viruses and Reproduction of Living ThingsA level Biology - Cells, Viruses and Reproduction of Living Things
A level Biology - Cells, Viruses and Reproduction of Living Things
 
IGCSE Biology - Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
IGCSE Biology - Sexual and Asexual ReproductionIGCSE Biology - Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
IGCSE Biology - Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
 
Mr Exham's Guide to writing up a Biology Practical Investigation
Mr Exham's Guide to writing up a Biology Practical InvestigationMr Exham's Guide to writing up a Biology Practical Investigation
Mr Exham's Guide to writing up a Biology Practical Investigation
 
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 - Module 1 Revision Quiz
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 - Module 1 Revision QuizA2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 - Module 1 Revision Quiz
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 - Module 1 Revision Quiz
 
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Test
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision TestAS OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Test
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Test
 
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.1 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.1 Eukaryotic Cell StructureCambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.1 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.1 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
 
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.3 DNA Replication
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.3 DNA ReplicationCambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.3 DNA Replication
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.3 DNA Replication
 
Chapter 6 effects of ict on society
Chapter 6   effects of ict on societyChapter 6   effects of ict on society
Chapter 6 effects of ict on society
 
AS Level Biology - 1) Biological Molecules
AS Level Biology - 1) Biological MoleculesAS Level Biology - 1) Biological Molecules
AS Level Biology - 1) Biological Molecules
 
Important Helpful Biology revision notes--Must See
Important Helpful Biology revision notes--Must SeeImportant Helpful Biology revision notes--Must See
Important Helpful Biology revision notes--Must See
 
IGCSE Biology Revision Notes
IGCSE Biology Revision NotesIGCSE Biology Revision Notes
IGCSE Biology Revision Notes
 
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 Module 3 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 Module 3 Revision TestA2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 Module 3 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 2 Module 3 Revision Test
 
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision TestA2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 2 Revision Test
 
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 - Module 1 Revision Test
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 - Module 1 Revision TestAS OCR Biology - Unit 1 - Module 1 Revision Test
AS OCR Biology - Unit 1 - Module 1 Revision Test
 
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 1 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 1 Revision TestA2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 1 Revision Test
A2 OCR Biology - Unit 1 Module 1 Revision Test
 

Similar to A Level Biology - Energy for Biological Processes

Cellular Respiration presentation by Maria Rashid
Cellular Respiration presentation by Maria RashidCellular Respiration presentation by Maria Rashid
Cellular Respiration presentation by Maria RashidAqsaIqbal18
 
Respiration in plants
Respiration in plantsRespiration in plants
Respiration in plantsUshaRao22
 
Cellular Respiration
Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration
Cellular Respirationamazingbonz
 
Cellular Respiration with audio
Cellular Respiration with audioCellular Respiration with audio
Cellular Respiration with audioamazingbonz
 
Cellular respiration
Cellular respirationCellular respiration
Cellular respirationjoebae
 
Cell Energy 2: Respiration & Fermentation
Cell Energy 2: Respiration & FermentationCell Energy 2: Respiration & Fermentation
Cell Energy 2: Respiration & FermentationRobin Seamon
 
Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Notes New
Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Notes NewPhotosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Notes New
Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Notes NewFred Phillips
 
How cells harvest or extract energy - Cell respiration
How cells harvest or extract energy - Cell respirationHow cells harvest or extract energy - Cell respiration
How cells harvest or extract energy - Cell respirationVi Lia
 
Respiration by Mr. K. S. Sontakke
Respiration by Mr. K. S. SontakkeRespiration by Mr. K. S. Sontakke
Respiration by Mr. K. S. SontakkeKAILASHSONTAKKE
 
Cellular respiration
Cellular respirationCellular respiration
Cellular respirationsembagot
 
Cape biology unit 2 -_atp_respiration_and_photosynthesis_version_2
Cape biology unit 2 -_atp_respiration_and_photosynthesis_version_2Cape biology unit 2 -_atp_respiration_and_photosynthesis_version_2
Cape biology unit 2 -_atp_respiration_and_photosynthesis_version_2Hilton Ritch
 

Similar to A Level Biology - Energy for Biological Processes (20)

Resp part 2.pptx
Resp part 2.pptxResp part 2.pptx
Resp part 2.pptx
 
Cellular Respiration presentation by Maria Rashid
Cellular Respiration presentation by Maria RashidCellular Respiration presentation by Maria Rashid
Cellular Respiration presentation by Maria Rashid
 
Metabolism
MetabolismMetabolism
Metabolism
 
Green Book 7
Green Book 7Green Book 7
Green Book 7
 
Green Book 7
Green Book 7Green Book 7
Green Book 7
 
Respiration in plants
Respiration in plantsRespiration in plants
Respiration in plants
 
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
 
Cellular Respiration
Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
 
Cellular Respiration with audio
Cellular Respiration with audioCellular Respiration with audio
Cellular Respiration with audio
 
Cellular respiration
Cellular respirationCellular respiration
Cellular respiration
 
Biological oxidation
Biological oxidationBiological oxidation
Biological oxidation
 
Cellular Respiration
Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
 
Cell Energy 2: Respiration & Fermentation
Cell Energy 2: Respiration & FermentationCell Energy 2: Respiration & Fermentation
Cell Energy 2: Respiration & Fermentation
 
Chapter 25
Chapter 25Chapter 25
Chapter 25
 
Chapter 25
Chapter 25Chapter 25
Chapter 25
 
Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Notes New
Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Notes NewPhotosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Notes New
Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Notes New
 
How cells harvest or extract energy - Cell respiration
How cells harvest or extract energy - Cell respirationHow cells harvest or extract energy - Cell respiration
How cells harvest or extract energy - Cell respiration
 
Respiration by Mr. K. S. Sontakke
Respiration by Mr. K. S. SontakkeRespiration by Mr. K. S. Sontakke
Respiration by Mr. K. S. Sontakke
 
Cellular respiration
Cellular respirationCellular respiration
Cellular respiration
 
Cape biology unit 2 -_atp_respiration_and_photosynthesis_version_2
Cape biology unit 2 -_atp_respiration_and_photosynthesis_version_2Cape biology unit 2 -_atp_respiration_and_photosynthesis_version_2
Cape biology unit 2 -_atp_respiration_and_photosynthesis_version_2
 

More from mrexham

Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 2 Sample
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 2 SampleCambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 2 Sample
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 2 Samplemrexham
 
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 1 Sample
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 1 SampleCambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 1 Sample
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 1 Samplemrexham
 
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 2.3 Evolution of Life
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 2.3 Evolution of LifeCambridge Pre-U Biology - 2.3 Evolution of Life
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 2.3 Evolution of Lifemrexham
 
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.2 Prokaryotic Cells
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.2 Prokaryotic CellsCambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.2 Prokaryotic Cells
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.2 Prokaryotic Cellsmrexham
 
IB Biology Revision Quiz - Core 1 Cell Biology
IB Biology Revision Quiz - Core 1 Cell BiologyIB Biology Revision Quiz - Core 1 Cell Biology
IB Biology Revision Quiz - Core 1 Cell Biologymrexham
 
IB Biology Guide to the IA Coursework
IB Biology Guide to the IA CourseworkIB Biology Guide to the IA Coursework
IB Biology Guide to the IA Courseworkmrexham
 
AS AQA Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 17
AS AQA Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 17AS AQA Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 17
AS AQA Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 17mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 16
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 16AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 16
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 16mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 15
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 15AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 15
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 15mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 14
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 14AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 14
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 14mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 13
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 13AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 13
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 13mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 12
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 12AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 12
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 12mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 11
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 11AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 11
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 11mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 10
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 10AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 10
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 10mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 9
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 9AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 9
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 9mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 8
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 8AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 8
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 8mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 7
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 7AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 7
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 7mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 6
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 6AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 6
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 6mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 5
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 5AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 5
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 5mrexham
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 4
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 4AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 4
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 4mrexham
 

More from mrexham (20)

Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 2 Sample
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 2 SampleCambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 2 Sample
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 2 Sample
 
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 1 Sample
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 1 SampleCambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 1 Sample
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.6 Genes and Protein Synthesis PART 1 Sample
 
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 2.3 Evolution of Life
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 2.3 Evolution of LifeCambridge Pre-U Biology - 2.3 Evolution of Life
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 2.3 Evolution of Life
 
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.2 Prokaryotic Cells
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.2 Prokaryotic CellsCambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.2 Prokaryotic Cells
Cambridge Pre-U Biology - 1.2 Prokaryotic Cells
 
IB Biology Revision Quiz - Core 1 Cell Biology
IB Biology Revision Quiz - Core 1 Cell BiologyIB Biology Revision Quiz - Core 1 Cell Biology
IB Biology Revision Quiz - Core 1 Cell Biology
 
IB Biology Guide to the IA Coursework
IB Biology Guide to the IA CourseworkIB Biology Guide to the IA Coursework
IB Biology Guide to the IA Coursework
 
AS AQA Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 17
AS AQA Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 17AS AQA Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 17
AS AQA Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 17
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 16
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 16AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 16
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 16
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 15
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 15AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 15
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 15
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 14
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 14AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 14
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 14
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 13
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 13AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 13
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 13
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 12
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 12AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 12
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 12
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 11
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 11AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 11
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 11
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 10
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 10AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 10
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 10
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 9
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 9AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 9
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 9
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 8
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 8AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 8
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 8
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 7
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 7AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 7
AQA AS Biology - Unit 2 - Chapter 7
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 6
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 6AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 6
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 6
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 5
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 5AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 5
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 5
 
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 4
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 4AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 4
AQA AS Biology - Unit 1 - Chapter 4
 

Recently uploaded

DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRATanmoy Mishra
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphPresentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphNetziValdelomar1
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapitolTechU
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...raviapr7
 
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxEducation and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxraviapr7
 
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxCAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxSaurabhParmar42
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationMJDuyan
 
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxM-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxDr. Santhosh Kumar. N
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?TechSoup
 
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfMaximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfTechSoup
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxheathfieldcps1
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...CaraSkikne1
 
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxDr. Asif Anas
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxAditiChauhan701637
 
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxClinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxraviapr7
 
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17Celine George
 
General views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and stepGeneral views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and stepobaje godwin sunday
 

Recently uploaded (20)

DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
 
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphPresentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
 
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxEducation and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
 
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptxCAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
CAULIFLOWER BREEDING 1 Parmar pptx
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
 
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxM-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
 
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfMaximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
 
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quizFinals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
 
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
 
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
 
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptxIn - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
In - Vivo and In - Vitro Correlation.pptx
 
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptxClinical Pharmacy  Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
Clinical Pharmacy Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pptx
 
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
How to Use api.constrains ( ) in Odoo 17
 
General views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and stepGeneral views of Histopathology and step
General views of Histopathology and step
 

A Level Biology - Energy for Biological Processes

  • 1. A Level Biology MAKING SENSE OF Icons CC – The Pink Group Copyright©2017HenryExham
  • 2. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • This topic covers two major biochemical processes: respiration and photosynthesis. • In photosynthesis, plants produce their own food source using the energy from the sun. • In respiration the energy in food is transferred to a molecule called ATP which can be used by living cells to carry out the millions of metabolic processes they need to do in order to function normally. 2 Energy for Biological Processes Introduction
  • 3. A Level Biology MAKING SENSE OF Energy for Biological Processes 5.1 Aerobic Respiration 5.2 Glycolysis 5.3 Link Reaction and Krebs Cycle 5.4 Oxidative Phosphorylation 5.5 Anaerobic Respiration 5.6 Photosynthetic Pigments 5.7 Photosynthesis 3
  • 4. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • Can you explain that cellular respiration yields ATP which is used as a source of energy for metabolic reactions, and the process also generates heat? • Are you able to outline the different stages in aerobic respiration, including: – glycolysis in the cytoplasm – link reaction – Krebs cycle – oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. 4 5.1 Aerobic Respiration Objective Questions
  • 5. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • The basic unit of life is a cell. • In order for a cell to carry out the many metabolic processes it does it needs energy. • This energy comes from the chemical bonds in food molecules. • This energy is transferred to a molecule called ATP (adenosine triphosphate) which is then used for all the cell’s processes. • Cellular respiration is the process which takes the energy from food and turns it into ATP. 5 5.1 Aerobic Respiration Introduction
  • 6. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • What you should know already is that there are two types of cellular respiration: 6 5.1 Aerobic Respiration Revision
  • 7. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • You should already know the basic summary equation for aerobic respiration: 7 5.1 Aerobic Respiration Revision
  • 8. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • You should also keep in mind the following basic points: – This reaction is exothermic (gives out heat) – The food substance that is broken down is known as the respiratory substrate. It is most often glucose but can be other molecules. 8 5.1 Aerobic Respiration Basics
  • 9. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • Here is a molecule of ATP. • There is energy stored in the bonds. • If you break the covalent bond between the last two phosphates it releases some energy that the cell can use. • This is catalysed by the enzyme ATPase. 9 5.1 Aerobic Respiration ATP Adenine Ribose P P P
  • 10. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • However, this reaction is reversible and you can use the energy from food to ‘recharge’ the ATP just like a recharging battery. 10 5.1 Aerobic Respiration ATP Adenine Ribose P P P Adenine Ribose P P Pi ATPase Energy ATP ADP
  • 11. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham 11 5.1 Aerobic Respiration ATP Adenine Ribose P P P Adenine Ribose P P P ATPase ATPase ATP ADP
  • 12. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham 12 5.1 Aerobic Respiration ATP Try this link to see more about ATP
  • 13. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • In reality aerobic respiration is a series of reactions. • Most of which occur in the mitochondria. 13 5.1 Aerobic Respiration Aerobic Respiration Summary Glycolysis Link Reaction Electron Transport Chain Krebs Cycle
  • 14. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • Most of the ATP is made through a series of oxidation and reduction reactions that occur in the final stage of the process at the electron transport chain. 14 5.1 Aerobic Respiration Oxidation and Reduction Lose electrons (Remove hydrogen or add oxygen ) Gain electrons (Add hydrogen or remove oxygen)
  • 15. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • You can remember this easily by thinking OIL RIG (Oxidation is loss, reduction is gain). 15 5.1 Aerobic Respiration OIL RIG Lose electrons (Remove hydrogen or add oxygen ) Gain electrons (Add hydrogen or remove oxygen)
  • 16. A Level Biology MAKING SENSE OF Energy for Biological Processes 5.1 Aerobic Respiration 5.2 Glycolysis 5.3 Link Reaction and Krebs Cycle 5.4 Oxidative Phosphorylation 5.5 Anaerobic Respiration 5.6 Photosynthetic Pigments 5.7 Photosynthesis 16
  • 17. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham • Do you understand the conversion of monosaccharides to pyruvate during glycolysis in the cytoplasm, including: – The phosphorylation of hexose molecules by ATP – breakdown to glycerate 3-phosphate (GP) – production of reduced coenzyme (NADH) and ATP (details of intermediate compounds and other reactions are not required). 17 5.2 Glycolysis Objective Questions
  • 18. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham 18 5.2 Glycolysis Aerobic Respiration Summary Glycolysis Link Reaction Electron Transport Chain Krebs Cycle This splits the respiratory substrate (glucose). This happens in the cytoplasm of a cell and doesn’t require any oxygen
  • 19. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham 19 5.2 Glycolysis Glycolysis 6C Sugar P P This means phosphates are added 2 x ATP 2 x ADP + Pi glycerate 3-phosphate (GP) This means splitting P P 2 x 3C Sugar 2 x Pyruvate 4 x ATP 4 x ADP + Pi 2 x NAD+ (coenzyme) 2 x NADH The NADH will go to the electron transport chain which is explained later Two ATPs are actually used in phosphorylation The phosphates are added to the glucose Then the 6C molecule is split into two 3C molecules These are then converted to pyruvate Two ATPs are made from each 3C sugar so four are made overall at this stage. NAD+ also known as coenzyme is reduced to make NADH which means that it gains 2 electrons and 2 hydrogens. This will be explained in more detail later. So overall 2ATPs and 2NADH are made in Glycolysis The pyruvate will now go into the link reaction
  • 20. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham 20 End of Sample Download To download the whole presentation visit www.MrExham.com
  • 21. This PowerPoint is protected under copyright. It is designed for educational use. Either personal study or to be presented to a class. It may be edited or duplicated for these purposes only. It must not be shared or distributed online in any format. Some images used are under a separate creative commons license, these are clearly marked. Copyright © 2016 Henry Exham Brought to you by MrExham.com TERMS AND CONDITIONS