Audience analysis involves discovering information about an audience before, during and after a presentation to improve communication. There are different types of audience analysis, including conventional wisdom and demographics. Demographic characteristics that can be analyzed include gender, age, ethnicity, economic status, occupation, education, and physical characteristics. Common methods to analyze audiences are observation, group identification, interviews, and questionnaires. Audience adaptation applies the results of audience analysis to tailor the message to the audience and occurs before, during, and after a presentation.