Description of All vaccines provided to infants in Pakistan

2. Description of All
vaccines provided to
infants in Pakistan

3. Content
 Introduction
 Chart Vaccine provided to infants
 Description of all vaccine provided to infants
• Hepatitis B
• Polio
• DTP
• Haemophilus influenza type B
• Hepatitis A
• Pneumococcal Vaccine
• Rota virus Vaccine
• Chicken Pox
• MMR
• Iinfleunza

4. Introduction
 Pakistan has some of the highest rates of deaths among
children in the world
 One child in every 11 (87 per 1000 live births) born in
Pakistan dies before turning 5 years old
 Although the rates of child death have been falling
steadily over years
 Pakistan is one of the 3 countries where polio
transmission remains endemic
 Around a third of these child deaths are due to vaccine
preventable diseases

5. Chart of Vaccine provided to infants
 The term infant is typically applied to young children between the
ages of 1 month and 12 months; however, definitions may vary
between birth and 1 year of age, or even between birth and 2 years of
age

6. Description of all Vaccine provided to infants
Hepatitis B
 1st Dose: At birth
 ALL NEWBORNS prior to discharge.
 2nd dose: 1-2 months old
 Final Dose: age ≥ 24 weeks
Dose
 Dose is 0.5ml
Route
 given intramuscularly

7. Polio Vaccine
 Two types of polio vaccines are
A. IPV
 consists of inactivated (killed) poliovirus strains of all
three poliovirus types
 (IPV) is usually given in four doses
a. 1st Dose Is given at 2 months
b. 2nd Dose is given at 4 months
c. 3rd Dose Is given at 6–18 months
d. 4th Dose at 4–6 years
Dose
• 0.5ml
Route
• SQ

8.  OPV or oral polio vaccine
 consists of a mixture of live, attenuated
(weakened) poliovirus strains of all three
poliovirus types
 Dose
0.5 ml for single dose
 Route
orally

9. Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (whooping cough)
 The diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine
protects against the following deseases in infants and
children
 Diphtheria
 Tetanus
 Pertussis (whooping cough)
DTaP immunizations are given as a series of five injections, usually
administered at ages 2 months,4 months,6 months.15–18 months
 Dose
dose is 0.5ml
 Route
given intramuscularly

10. Haemophilus influenzae type b
 Minimum age:
6 weeks
 Schedule:
2,4,6 months with booster at 12-15 months old
 Dose:
0.5ml
 Route
IM
 Possible reaction:
pain, redness and/or swelling at injection site in 25%;
rarely fever and irritability

11. Hepatitis A vaccine (HepA)
 Minimum age:
12 months
 Schedule
2 doses of hep A vaccine iss given 1st dose is given at
the age of at 1 year of age and 2nd dose is given 6
month apart
 Dose
Dose is 0.5ml
 Route
given IM antero lat thigh

12. Pneumococcal Vaccine
 Types of pneomococcal vaccine
PCV (Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine recommended for infants
PPV (Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine recommended for
children and adults)
 Schedule for PCV
Total 4 doses are given
Pcv is given at the age of 2 months,4 months,6 months,12 through 15
months
 Dose
Single dose 0.5 ml
 ROUTE
Given Intramuscularly

13. Rotavirus virus vaccine
 Minimum age:
6 weeks
 Schedule:
2,4,6 months
 Route
Both vaccines are oral (taken by mouth and swallowed)
 Rotavirus vaccine precautions —
Rotavirus vaccine should not be given to infants with
a known immunodeficiency In all infants, there is a
small risk of diarrhea and vomiting in the week after
the vaccine is given.

14. Chiken pox
 Schedule
2 doses of chickenpox vaccine are given
The first dose should be given at 12–15 months, and the
second dose at 4–6 years
 Dose
dose is 0.1ml
 route of administration
0.5ml dose is given subcutaneously
 Possible Risks
Possible mild effects are tenderness and redness where the shot
was given, fever, fatigue, and a varicella-like illness. There is a
very small chance of an allergic reaction with any vaccine

15. INFLUENZA
 There are two types of influenza vaccine; one is an
injection (shot), while the other is administered as a
nasal spray nasal spray is not recommended for
infants
 Scheule
Flu shots are usually given once a year from October to
mid-November. The shots provide protection
throughout the flu season — October to Apri the first
dose is given 1t 6 month of age
Effectivness
The injectable influenza vaccine protects between 70
and 90 infants from developing flue

16. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)
 Schedule
 two doses of MMR is given at age of
1st dose: 12 through 15 months
2nd dose: 4 through 6 years
Dose:
0.5 Ml
Route
SQ
Effectivness
MMR vaccine protects more than 99 percent of infants from
developing measles and 95 percent of infans from developing
mumps and rubella