4. Canada
COUNTRY : CANADA
CAPITAL: OTTAWA
CURRENCY: CANADIAN DOLLAR
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH & FRENCH
PROVINCE &
TERRITORIES: 10 & 3
POPULATION: 36,626,083( 38th )
AREA: 9,984,670 km2 ( 2nd )
5. LOCATION
Canada is on the continent of North America.
Canada is located in the northern most part of North
America
Canada shares land borders with the United States to
the south and Alaska to the northwest, stretching from
the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the
west; to the north lies the Arctic Ocean
Canada is north of the 49th parallel of latitude
The 49th parallel was chosen as a border from the
Great Lakes to the west coast
8. HISTORY
The first people were the Aboriginal people.
Explorers and settlers from Western Europe arrived in the 1500s.
Canada was named by the French explorer Jacques Cartier
(1535).
The name "Canada" comes from the Huron and Iroquois word
"Kanata" meaning "village".
Canada became a country on July 1st, 1867.
The first provinces were Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario
and Quebec.
The first prime minister was Sir John A. Macdonald.
9. CAPITAL
The capital of Canada is the city of Ottawa, which is in the
province of Ontario, located above the Great Lakes. Ottawa is a city
of great importance and status. With just under one million
residents, Ottawa is in fact the fourth-largest city in Canada,
after Toronto, Montreal, and also Calgary
10. MONETARY UNIT
CANADIAN DOLLAR (Cad $)
The currency of Canada is the Canadian Dollar, which was adopted in
1858
One Canadian dollar equals 100 cents. There are coins of 1, 5, 10,
and 25 cents as well as 1 and 2 dollar coins. Paper currency comes
in denominations of Cad$ 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100.
12. CANADA'S FLAG
The Canadian flag is red and white; these are the official colors of
Canada. The flag features a red maple leaf with eleven points. The
maple leaf is a symbol of Canada. The flag is twice as wide as it is
tall. This flag was officially adopted on February 15, 1965.
13. CANADA'S FLAG
The colors on the Canadian flag represent the following:
White - peace and honesty
Red - hardiness, bravery, strength & valour
The official Canadian colours were proclaimed in 1921 by King
George V
The center stripe is white and contains single red stylized eleven-
point maple leaf centered in the white square.
The Maple Leaf emblem has no specific significance other than
what it depicts - a stylized representation of a natural maple leaf
14. CANADA'S NATIONAL
ANTHEM
"O Canada"
was
proclaimed
Canada's
national
anthem on
July 1, 1980,
100 years
after it was
first sung on
June 24, 1880.
O Canada!
Our home and native land!
True patriot love in all thy
sons command.
With glowing hearts we see
thee rise,
The True North strong and
free!
From far and wide,
O Canada, we stand on
guard for thee.
God keep our land glorious
and free!
O Canada, we stand on
guard for thee.
O Canada, we stand on guard
for thee.
15. CANADA'S LANGUAGES
Canada has two official languages
English (59%)
French (23%)
17% of the population have another language as their
‘mother tongue’
16. CANADA'S POPULATION
Year Population World Population
Canada
Global Rank
2017 36,626,083 7,515,284,153 38
2016 36,286,378 7,432,663,275 38
2015 35,939,927 7,349,472,099 38
2010 34,126,173 6,929,725,043 36
2005 32,256,333 6,519,635,850 35
2000 30,701,903 6,126,622,121 35
17. PROVINCES & TERRITORIES
The second largest country in the world (Russian Federation is the
largest) Ten provinces and three Territories –
Territories
1. Yukon (Whitehorse)
2. Nunavut (Iqaluit)
3. Northwest Territories
(Yellowknife)
Provinces
1. Alberta (Edmonton)
2. British Columbia (Victoria)
3. Manitoba (Winnipeg)
4. New Brunswick (Fredericton)
5. Newfoundland and Labrador(St. John's)
6. Nova Scotia (Halifax)
7. Ontario (Toronto)
8. Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown)
9. Quebec (Quebec City)
10. Saskatchewan (Regina)
20. MAJOR SEAPORTS
Canada has 239 ports
Name of some are given below:
Port of Corner Brook
Port of Charlottetown
Port of Saint John
Port of Shediac
Port of Halifax
Port of Goose Bay
Port of Belledune
Port of Sydney
Port of St.John
Port of Sept-lles
Port of Thunder Bay
Port of Sault Ste Marie
Port of Toronto
Port of Oshawa
Port of Windsor
Port of Hamilton
Port of Sarnia
Port of Goderich
Port of Quebec
Port of Port Cartier
Port of Montreal
Port of Churchill
Port of Tuktoyaktuk
Port of Alberni
Port of North Fraser
Port of Coal Harbour
Port of Vancouver
Port of Prince Rupert Harbour
Port of Nanaimo
21. Religion in Canada
Religion Percent
Christianity 77%
None 16.2%
Islam 2.0%
Judaism 1.1%
Hinduism 1.0%
Buddhism 1.0%
Sikhism 0.9%
Statistics Canada, 2001 census survey results
MAJOR RELIGIONS
22. MAJOR INDUSTRIES
.
Canada is one of the largest economies in the world.
The four major types of industries in the country:
Manufacturing
Services
Energy
Agriculture
23. MAJOR INDUSTRIES
.
MANUFACTURING
The manufacturing sector is responsible for 29% of Canada’s output.
This is an important sector in the economy
It provides employment to one-fifth of the workforce.
It includes minerals, food products; paper and wood products;
fish products; petroleum and natural gas; chemicals; and
transportation equipment.
24. MAJOR INDUSTRIES
.
SERVICES
The services sector contributes to78% of the GDP of the country.
The sector takes into account the tourism, real estate, financial
services, education, health, retail sector, high-tech, and
entertainment.
The sector employs the maximum number of people in the
economy.
Almost 75% of the country's working population is engaged in the
services sector.
25. MAJOR INDUSTRIES
.
ENERGY
Canada is one of the few developed nations that is a net exporter
of energy - in 2009 net exports of energy products amounted to
2.9% of GDP.
Most important are the large oil and gas resources centered in
Alberta and the Northern Territories, but also present in
neighboring British Columbia and Saskatchewan.
The vast Athabasca Oil Sands give Canada the world's second
largest reserves of oil after Saudi Arabia according to USGS.
Canada is also one of the world's highest per capita consumers of
energy
26. MAJOR INDUSTRIES
.
AGRICULTURE
The Agriculture sector contributes to 2.2% of the GDP of the
country.
Canada is also one of the world's largest suppliers of agricultural
products, particularly of wheat and other grains.
Canada is a major exporter of agricultural products, to the United
States but also to Europe and East Asia.
As with all other developed nations the proportion of the
population and GDP devoted to agriculture fell dramatically over
the 20th century.
27. POLITICAL SYSTEM
Canada is a constitutional monarchy and a federal state with a
democratic system of government.
GOVERNMENT
Constitutional Monarchy - a system of government in which a
monarch is guided by a constitution whereby his/her rights,
duties, and responsibilities are spelled out in written law or by
custom.
Federal State - is a type of sovereign state characterized by
a union of partially self-governing states or regions united by a
central (federal) government.
Democracy - a form of government in which the supreme
power is retained by the people, but which is usually exercised
indirectly through a system of representation and delegated
authority periodically renewed.
28. POLITICAL SYSTEM
3 LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT
Federal government (the Government of Canada) - Responsible for
things that affect the whole country, such as citizenship and
immigration, national defence and trade with other countries.
Provincial and territorial governments (for example, the Province of
Ontario) - Responsible for such things as education, health care and
highways.
Municipal (local) governments (cities, towns, and villages in Ontario) –
Responsible for firefighting, city streets and other local matters. If
there is no local government, the province provides services.
29. POLITICAL SYSTEM
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada, is Canada's formal head of state.
The Governor General represents the Queen in Canada and carries out
the duties of head of state.
The House of Commons makes Canada's laws. Canadians elect
representatives to the House of Commons. These representatives are
called Members of Parliament (MPs)and usually belong to a political
party. The political party that has the largest number of MPs forms the
government, and its leader becomes prime minister.
The prime minister is the head of government in Canada. The Prime
Minister chooses MPs to serve as ministers in the cabinet. There are
ministers for citizenship and immigration, justice and other subjects.
The cabinet makes important decisions about government policy.
The Senate reviews laws that are proposed by the House of Commons.
Senators come from across Canada. The prime minister chooses the
senators.
30. POLITICAL SYSTEM
PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT
At the provincial level:
The Lieutenant Governor represents the Queen.
The Legislative Assembly makes law. In Ontario, elected
representatives are called Members of Provincial Parliament (MPPs).
The political party that has the largest number of MPPs forms the
government, and its leader becomes premier. The premier is the head of
government in Ontario.
The premier leads the government and chooses MPPs to serve as
ministers in the cabinet. The cabinet sets government policy and
introduces laws for the Legislative Assembly to consider.
Visit Civics 101 for more information about how the provincial
government works. Watch videos and interviews with politicians, ask an
MPP your questions, use a budget simulator and more.
31. POLITICAL SYSTEM
MUNICIPAL (LOCAL) GOVERNMENT
The Province of Ontario defines the structure, finances, and
management of the local governments of cities, towns and villages.
Residents of the municipality elect the mayor and council members to
lead the local government. Committees of councillors discuss budget,
service and administrative issues that are then passed on to the council
for debate. Citizens, business owners and community groups can
present their concerns to councillors at committee meetings.
Municipalities may also be part of a larger county or regional
government (for example, York Region).
32. ECONOMIC SYSTEM
.
Canada has the same basic economic system that the United States
has. It is called a mixed economy. That is a combination
of capitalism and government regulation. It combines elements of
capitalism and socialism.
Canada is a good example of a mixed economy, with individual
profit-seeking coupled with a government that taxes and spends for
social services.
33. PAK & CAN TRADE
.
Canada’s Trade with Pakistan (C$)
January - December January - September
2013 2014 2015 2016
Exports 155,935,944 380,249,919 442,846,905 729,544,422
Imports 294,516,222 316,610,320 267,302,650 275,780,904
Trade Balance -138,580,278 63,639,599 175,544,255 453,763,518
34. CANADIAN VISA’S
BASICALLY CANADA OFFERS 7 TYPE OF VISA’s
Work Visa
Business
Family Visa
Student
Travel Visa
Citizenship
Temporary Work Visa
38. Trade Agreements
•Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (Signed 12-Oct-1987, entered into force 01-Jan-1989,
later superseded by NAFTA)
•North American Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Jan-1994, includes Canada,
U.S. and Mexico)
•Canada-Israel Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Jan-1997, modernization
ongoing)
•Canada-Chile Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 05-Jul-1997)
•Canada-Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Nov-2002,
modernization ongoing)
•Canada-European Free Trade Association Free Trade Agreement (Iceland, Norway,
Switzerland and Liechtenstein; entered into force 01-Jul-2009)
•Canada-Peru Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Aug-2009)
•Canada-Colombia Free Trade Agreement (Signed 21-Nov-2008, entered into force 15-Aug-
2011; Canada's ratification of this FTA had been dependent upon Colombia's ratification
of the "Agreement Concerning Annual Reports on Human Rights and Free Trade Between
Canada and the Republic of Colombia" signed on 27-May-2010)
•Canada-Jordan Free Trade Agreement (Signed on 28-June-2009, entered into force 01-
Oct-2012)
•Canada-Panama Free Trade Agreement (Signed on 14-May-2010, entered into force 01-
April-2013)
•Canada-Honduras Free Trade Agreement (Signed on 5-Nov-2013, entered into force on 01-
Oct-2014)
•Canada-South Korea Free Trade Agreement (Signed on 11-March-2014, entered into force
01-January-2015)
39. Canada Trade
Bilateral/Regional Trade Agreements
The preservation and promotion of cultural identity is of great importance to
Canada and, in all international trade agreements, our aim is to ensure that
Canada maintains the maximum flexibility to pursue its domestic cultural policy
objectives. To that effect, Canada’s existing bilateral and regional trade
negotiations all incorporate specific provisions with respect to cultural industries
in order to allow us to adapt existing cultural policies and develop new policies in
the future.
Multilateral Trade (World Trade Organization)
Multilaterally, while acknowledging the numerous benefits of comprehensive
trade liberalization, Canada's approach has been to refrain from taking on
obligations that would hamper its ability to pursue domestic cultural policy
objectives.
40. Canadian Society &Culture
Cultural Diversity
Canada is culturally diverse. This goes back to the 1890s when it
began inviting people from all over the world to settle in the
country to help it develop and grow. Canadian immigration policy
was historically open, welcoming and egalitarian in its philosophy.
This has also manifest into the psyche of the nation where people
are encouraged and to retain their cultural identities, traditions,
languages and customs.
Individuals concerned with the group
Canadians are generally a tolerant, polite and extremely
community-oriented people. Although they are individualistic in
terms of their basic cultural traits, they nevertheless place a great
deal of emphasis on the individual's responsibility to the
community. This is seen as giving balance and a good quality of
life.
46. Organizational Culture
Our Vision
To be the first choice for guests, colleagues, shareholders and
business partners.
Our Mission
To delight our guests every time by creating engaging experiences
straight from our heart.
Our Values
We provide services focus on adding value to our customer.
We manage a culture of high quality and continuous improvement.
