courtesy to all references

1. NATIONAL AND GLOBAL
NEWS AGENCIES
Presented to: Mr Ramzan Azhar
By :Muhammad Zamir Assadi
MS 1 IIUI Fall Semester 2014

2. News Agency
 A news agency is an organization of
journalists established to supply News
reports to news organizations: News
papers, magazines and radio and
television. Such an agency may also be
referred to as a wire service, newswire,
or news service.

3. Prominent News wires
 Agency France Press
 Associated Press
 Reuters
 United Press International
 Associated Press of Pakistan

4. History
 The oldest news agency is
AFP. It was founded in
1835 by Charles-Louis
Havas as Agence Havas.
 Two of his employees,
Paul Julius Reuter and
Bernhard Wolff, later set
up rival news agencies in
London and Berlin
respectively in 1848.

5. Cont…
 The establishment of the
news agencies was the
most important
development in the
newspaper industry
altering the process of
news dissemination,
nationally and
internationally in the 1st
half of 19th century
 Growth of the newspapers
was on rise as rapid flow
of information became
possible with the help of
news agencies

6. AFP www.afp.com
 Headquarter in Paris
 President and CEO Emmanuel Hoog
 Employees 3,760
 In1852 signed agreements with Reuter
and Wolff
 Exclusive reporting zone in different parts
of
Europe for coverage and business
interests

7.  In 1940, when German forces occupied
France during the 2nd World War, the news
agency was taken over by the authorities and
renamed "Office Français d'Information“
 On August 20, 1944, as Allied forces moved on
Paris the resistant French journalists again
captured agency
 Major News floated was the death of the
Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin on March 6, 1953

8. Telegraph first used 1845
 The Agency starts to use electrical telegraphs, an
invention which enables it to expand
 Soon it is better and faster informed of what is
going on in the world
 In response to the Crimean war (1854-1856) it
extends its European network all the way to Saint
Petersburg and the Bosphorus

9. AFP in numbers
 News teams
 1,500 journalists relaying news 24 hours per
day
 200 bureaus throughout the world, covering
150 countries
 2,260 members of staff covering the whole
world
 80 different nationalities

10. A day in the life of the AFP
 5.000 stories, 1.250 as illustrated articles
 3.000 photos
 200 videos
 100 graphics and video graphics
 In 6 languages: French, English, German,
Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese.
 En 6 langues : français, anglais, allemand,
arabe, espagnol, portugais.

11. Prize & awards
 Philippine journalist receives AFP Kate
Webb Prize 17 Oct 2014
 Reporter from Philippines wins AFP's Kate
Webb Prize 7 Jul 2014
 AFP photographer Pedro Armestre picks
up eight prizes in 2014 25 Apr 2014

12. Statutes
 AFP is administered by a CEO and a board
comprising 15 members:
 Eight representatives of the French press
 Two representatives of the AFP personnel
 Two representatives of the government-owned
radio and television
 Three representatives of the government
 One is named by the prime minister, another by
the minister of finance, and a third by the minister
of foreign affairs

13. AP www.ap.org
 Created in 1846
 President & CEO Gary B. Pruitt
 Five New York City newspapers got together to
fund a pony express route through Alabama in
order to bring news of the Mexican War north
more quickly than the U.S. Post Office could
deliver it
 30 AP journalists have given their lives in this
pursuit of the news
 Delivered news by pigeon, pony express, railroad,
steamship, telegraph and teletype in the early
years

14.  1935, AP began sending photographs by wire
 A radio network was formed in 1973
 International video division was added in
1994,the biggest in the world now

15. AP Products

16. Major News stories
 Bombing of Pearl Harbor
 Fall of the shah of Iran
 Death of Pope John Paul
 Ajmal Kasaab is Pakistani citizen
 Drone strikes in Pakistan

17. AP Awards
 From the year 1922 huge number of journalists
have won prestigious media awards including
Pulitzers award

18. AP on map
 News floated by AP published by
 More than 1,700 newspapers
 More than 5,001 television and radio
broadcasters.
 The photograph library of the AP consists of
over 10 million images.
 The Associated Press operates 243 news
bureaus, and it serves at least 120 countries,
with an international staff located all over the
world.

19. Reuters www.reuters.com
 1851 by Paul Julius Reuter in Britain at the
London Royal Exchange
 The company initially covered commercial
news, serving banks, brokerage houses and
business firms
 The first newspaper client to subscribe was
the London Morning Advertiser in 1858
 First to report Assassination of Abraham
Lincoln
 Reuters operates in more than 200 cities in 94
countries in about 20 languages

20. Fatalities

21. Policy of objective language
 Reuters has a strict policy towards upholding
journalistic objectivity
 This policy has caused comment on the possible
insensitivity of its non-use of the word terrorist in
reports, including the 11 September attacks
 Reuters has been careful to only use the word
terrorist in quotes, whether quotations or scare
quotes
 Reuters global news editor Stephen Jukes wrote,
"We all know that one man's terrorist is another
man's freedom fighter, and that Reuters upholds
the principle that we do not use the word terrorist."

22. Services
Professional News Products Professional News Solutions
 International News
Services
 Business and
Financial News
Services
 Political News
Services
 Regional News
Services
 Health News Services
 Sports News Services
 Entertainment News
 Broadcast Video
 Newswires
 Online News Services
 Pictures Services
 News Graphics

23. Awards & Recognition
 World's Most Admired Companies 2009-2014
 Human Rights Campaign 2013-2014
 World’s Most Ethical Companies 2009-2014
 Top 100 Employers in Canada 2008-2015
 Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting 2014
 Overseas Press Club Awards 2014
 American Business Awards 2014
 Society of Publishers in Asia Awards 2014

24. Reuters On Map
 America
 Europe
 Middle East & Africa
 Asia Pacific
 South Asia

25. UPI www.upi.com
 Formally named "United Press
Associations" for incorporation and legal
purposes, but publicly known and identified
as United Press or UP, it was created in 1907
uniting of three smaller news syndicates by the
Midwest newspaper publisher E. W. Scripps
 In 1958 it became United Press International after
absorbing the International News Service (INS).
 As either UP or UPI, the agency was among the
largest newswire services in the world, competing
domestically for about 90 years

26. UPI Work force
 At its peak, UPI had more than 2,000 full-time
employees
 200 news bureaus in 92 countries
 It had more than 6,000 media subscribers
 With the rising popularity of television news,
the business of UPI began to decline as the
circulation of afternoon newspapers, its chief
client category, began to fall.
 Its decline accelerated after the 1982 sale of
UPI by the Scripps company

27. Chain of command
 UPI has changed ownership several times
 With each change in ownership came deeper
service and staff cutbacks and changes of
focus and a corresponding shrinkage of its
traditional media customer base
 In 2000, UPI was purchased by News World
Communications, an international news media
company which was founded in 1976
by Unification Church leader Sun Myung Moon

28. Services
 News For Print and Electronic Media
 Videos
 Audio
 Documentaries
 Web Contents
 Special Reports
 Photographs
 Web Contents

29. Associated Press Of Pakistan
 APP was founded in started its life in 1947
 Initially it was running through a Trust but owing to
financial crunch, it was taken over by the
Government through an Ordinance called;
"Associated Press of Pakistan (taking over)
Ordinance 1961", on 15th June 1961, to put it on a
sound
financial footing
 APP was later converted into Corporation on
October 19, 2002 through an Ordinance
renaming it as Associated Press of Pakistan
Corporation (APPC) and lending a status of
semi government media government

30. Key Highlights
 Urdu, Pashtoo, Sindhi, Balochi/Brahavi,
Saraiki,Arabic
 District based network
 Textual news feed, Videos, Audio,
Documentaries, Web Contents, Special Reports
 International correspondents are based in
Washington, New York, London, Beijing and
New Delhi
 National, world, sports, Business, Forex ,
weather

31. Other Prominent national and
international news wires
 Press Trust of India
 Xinhua
 Kyodo News
 Online News Agency
 Independent News Pakistan
 Pakistan Press International
 News Network International

32. Constructing and dismantling the global
news agencies
 Development of News agencies Era
 The hegemony of European News cartel 1870-
1917
 The dissolution of European news cartel 1918-
1934
 The hegemony of Big five 1940-1980
 The dissolution of Big five 1980…..

33. The hegemony of European News cartel 1870-
1917
 French Havas, German Wolf and British Reuters
 Signed cartel agreement for dividing world’s news
market
 Reuters had a vast market following British
imperialism
 Japan, Argentine and Canadian agencies also
stepped in but faced tough time from cartel
 AP joined cartel in 1927
 UPI tried and achieved early success by signing
agreements with small scale agencies in different
parts

34. The dissolution of European news cartel 1918-
1934
 AP & UPI expanded in South America
 German Wolf lost position due to WW1 from
news cartel in 1934
 Reuters faced financial issues
 Japanese and Soviet agency also played the
role in dissolution
 National agencies were free to make
agreements with any global which they liked

35. The hegemony of Big five 1940-1980
 US agencies captured European news market
which were devastated by WWs
 AFP again stabilized itself by commitment in
the world of news
 Soviet TAAS enhanced operations in eastern
Europe including Middle east, Africa and Asia
 Reuters pioneered the digitization of economic
and financial news services

36. The dissolution of Big five 1980
 Post-NWICO era
 Processes of conglomeration was the reason
of diminution of UPI
 Collapse of Communism brought relative
demise of Tass
 Some major agencies survived following vast
coverage area and efficient work

37. The Big Three
 Only AP, AFP and Reuters survived from many
decades
 Reuters served mostly for providing financial
news
 AP served domestic and international markets
equally with the challenge of UPI
 AFP survived following government’s support

38. Conclusion
 News agencies are the oldest media since
1835 existing in the modern world . Sources of
funding have been undermined reductions in
state subsidy, reduction in aid from NGOs, the
cooling of loyalty of media groups that have
set up independent news gathering networks
where these now have sufficient local resource
to meet their own requirements. Governments
and other NGOs should support agencies for
keeping them on track

39. References
 http://www.afp.com/
 http://news.yahoo.com/us-bombs-al-qaeda-offshoot-khorasan-third-time-
233406321.html
 http://www.dawn.com/news/856680/ajmal-s-nationality-confirmed
 http://www.apstudios.net/videos/
 http://video.ap.org/
 http://www.ap.org/products-services/radio
 http://newint.org/features/1981/06/01/four/
 http://www.communicationencyclopedia.com/public/tocnode?id=g978
1405131995_chunk_g978140513199519_ss16-1#
 http://www.onlinenews.com.pk/
 www.upi.com
 www.reuters.com
 http://www.directessays.com/viewpaper-student/84264.html