ROLLER CONE BITS, CATALOG

1. ROLLER CONE BITS
Oil and Gas Products
2011

2. Table of Contents
About Varel International . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Varel Roller Cone Drill Bit Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Advanced Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
High Energy Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
Compass Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-7
A-Force Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9
Challenger Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-11
Steel Tooth - Open Bearing Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-13
Bit Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Shirttail Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Premium Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
High Energy Tumbled (HET) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Roller Cone Reference Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-19
Bit Shipping Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
API Casing Dimensions and Bit Diameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
www.varelintl.com

3. About Varel International
“We will deliver ever-increasing
value to our customers and other
stakeholders by exceeding industry
standards for performance, service
and innovation.”
Founded in 1947, Varel International is the world’s
largest independent supplier in the global oil & gas
drill bit market . Varel offers a comprehensive product
line of roller cone and fixed cutter (PDC) drill bits that
have evolved and improved through patented drill
bit technologies and emerging drilling technologies .
Varel aligns its engineering and manufacturing
capabilities to provide customers with high-quality
products that deliver reliability and optimum
performance .
• High-quality manufacturing
• Product and process innovation
• Delivering integrity in all of our relationships
• Responsibility towards health, safety, and the
environment
• Creating customers for life
Scan our updated catalog for our latest products,
features and premium options . Then contact the
Varel sales office near you to discuss innovative
and cost-effective solutions for your next
drilling project .
1

4. Varel Roller Cone Drill Bit Technology
Varel Drill Bit Technology
Varel roller cone bits are designed and manufactured Varel products are tailored for specific applications
to provide high levels of performance and reliability . by customizing from a rich set of optional features .
The product lines are the result of years of industry These features deliver increased wear protection in
experience and thousands of hours of field tests in demanding drilling applications . This results in longer
the most demanding applications . Every detail of bit life and reduced drilling costs for our customers .
the design and manufacturing process results in
a product built to meet or exceed the requirements All Varel products are delivered with superior service .
of our customers . No matter where you are in the world, Varel sales and
technical service personnel are experts on local drilling
Using electronic logs and our proprietary GeoScience™ conditions and problem avoidance, and can assist
program, Varel evaluates characteristics of rock you with proper drill bit and operating parameters
formations . This program enables Varel to determine selection . From well proposals to onsite monitoring,
rock type, compressive strength, abrasivity and shale Varel is available to help you plan and drill your well
reactivity . successfully .
Varel has developed proprietary algorithms for cutting Varel maintains an industry-leading bit record database
structure and bearing designs to ensure each product that is utilized to monitor bit performance and to ensure
design consistently performs in a variety of applications . appropriate bit selection in the well planning process .
Algorithms are used to design cutting structures to
achieve desired rates of penetration, resist tracking and
combat off-center operation . Bearings and seal systems
are designed using models that assure adequate load
capacity and seal wear life in high rotary speed and/or
applications with high solids in the circulation system . Varel Roller Cone Availability
Materials used in the construction of roller cone Product Name Size Range TCI
Steel
Air
bits are sourced from leading suppliers who Tooth
have the ability to produce consistently to high High Energy 7 1/2 - 13 3/4" •
standards and meet firm delivery schedules . Varel Compass 3 3/4 - 7 3/8" •
operates using the philosophy of partnering with A-Force 6 1/8 - 12 1/4" • •
suppliers in order to build long-term relationships
Challenger
that provide quality materials and components
Steel Tooth 3 1/2 - 13 3/4" •
which result in increased value to our customers .
Large Performance 14 3/4 - 18 1/2" • •
Our manufacturing processes are designed to be Jumbo 20" + • •
robust and repeatable . These processes are constantly
Steel Tooth, Open 2 7/8 - 44" •
monitored and continuously reviewed to provide Bearing
the drilling industry with ever-increasing value .
All Varel roller cone design and manufacturing
facilities are managed through quality programs
meeting the requirements of both ISO 9001:2008
and API Q1 . These quality programs are designed
with an emphasis on consistency, quality and
continuous improvement in all aspects of our business .
7-1-0035,
7-1-0035 .1
www.varelintl.com

5. Advanced Technologies
Advanced Technologies for Design Analysis
Varel engineers utilize Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
to simulate fluid flow around roller cone bits and evaluate
design hydraulics prior to field tests . CFD analysis allows
nozzle orientations to be optimized to eliminate fluid
stagnation zones, and to ensure cone cleaning and hole
cleaning are efficient and enable maximum penetration rates
to be achieved .
Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is employed to analyze new
roller cone bit designs in the early stages of the process to
ensure product reliability under a wide variety of operating
conditions . The insert hole and bearing geometries are
analyzed through FEA and designed to withstand the high
loads encountered in severe drilling applications .
Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of an insert hole
GeoScienceTM is Varel’s proprietary well log, lithology, and rock
property analysis software . Varel has developed proprietary
algorithmic analytical capabilities to create a leading tool
for drill bit applications analysis . Using customer-supplied
mud logs, drilling logs, and electric log data, Varel builds
a virtual model of the well sections to be drilled . Historic
bit performance is evaluated using a specific energy method
that allows for correlation across different bore diameters .
The GeoScience technology and method leads to a far better
understanding of the drilling challenge to be met and assists
in identifying the type of drill bit for the application .
GeoScience builds a virtual model of the geology
of the well sections to be drilled.
3

6. High Energy Series
› Patented HET › Patented conical
carbide inserts seal gland
› Patented
heat shield
› High capacity
journal bearing
› Improved shirttail
› High temperature, hardfacing
high lubricity bearing
grease
› V-Jethydraulics
™
package
› Advanced
Compensation
› Optional diamond System
enhancement features
available
Reliability Improvement
High Energy Series
100% Previous Technology
% Seal Effective
80%
21% Increase
60%
40%
20%
0%
Our product development team started with a higher load
capacity bearing geared toward higher weight and motor
applications. Bearing reliability was also enhanced through
closely controlled assembly tolerances.
www.varelintl.com

7. Overview
As a leading manufacturer and global supplier to the drilling
industry, we are proud to introduce the next generation
in drill bit performance – the Varel High Energy Series.
This innovative series ushers in a new line of roller cone bits capable of increasing drilling performance by
effectively utilizing higher energy inputs in the form of increased rotary speed, increased weight on bit, or both .
To create the High Energy Series, our engineers used an integrated systems approach . At every point in the
development process, each element was refined and enhanced to add to the durability and drilling rate of
these bits . As a result, our High Energy Series bits are able to withstand applications where the combination
of bit weight and rotary speed is at the high end of the spectrum, and by doing so deliver better performance
in critical applications .
Proven technology meets enhanced features Self-draining reservoir
The new High Energy product line consists We have incorporated a larger
of our 7½" to 13¾" sealed journal bearings dome-vented grease reservoir into
with tungsten carbide cutting structures . the bearing system that is capable
The bits are built with time-proven O-ring of delivering bearing lubrication
seal technology, but with new features over longer, higher load and higher
that greatly enhance the effective life of RPM runs . This new reservoir
the seals . First, a patented conical seal provides a 13 percent increase
gland design has been employed . This in capacity over previous designs
new geometry positions the seal in such and is configured to be “self-draining” to avoid cuttings buildup
a way that it can better handle pressure adjacent to the reservoir . This feature improves the reliability
fluctuations and still maintain a preferred dynamic sealing location of reservoir performance when a High Energy Series bit is rerun .
and interface . The new seal gland is further complemented by an
industry exclusive heat shield deployed between the seal and the Increased wear resistance
inner bearing . This shield provides life extending thermal insulation To ensure greater durability, we have
to the seal from heat generated in the bearing . The result is a lower incorporated a new shirttail hard
operating temperature for the seal that also extends seal life . metal formulation that significantly
increases wear resistance in this
critical area of the bit . Upgraded
An improved seal and bearing system
shirttail enhancements including
The High Energy Series includes leading edge shirttail inserts,
innovations that increase bearing stabilization inserts and diamond
life and seal protection . Engineers enhanced shirttail protection are available .
developed a bearing system designed
to support higher loads on the
bearing surface, which resulted High Energy Tumbled (HET) cutting performance
in a more robust and more tightly This proprietary process for improving the attributes of tungsten
toleranced journal bearing . In carbide inserts (TCI) overcomes the traditional trade-off between
addition, a new anti-shale packing configuration is incorporated, wear resistance and fracture toughness of tungsten carbide
improving cuttings diversion away from the mud side of the components and actually makes TCI components both harder and
seal gland . tougher . The HET process constitutes one more quality assurance
step in the manufacturing of tungsten carbide inserts . We
manufacture the inserts used in our products and control all of the
HET processing and inspection of inserts .
5

8. Compass Series
› Patented HET › Highly responsive
carbide inserts cutting structure design
› Custom gage row
designs available
› Enhanced shirttail › Patented conical
protection seal gland
› Patented heat shield
› High temperature, high
lubricity bearing grease
› Improved hardfacing
near reservoir for wear
resistance in directional
applications
Performance Chart
200 9
Compass series bits have proved highly effective across the spectrum of slimhole operations.
180 8 Available in sizes ranging from 3-3/4” to 7-3/8,” Compass tungsten carbide insert bits meet the
160
7 extreme demands of slimhole applications.
140
6
120
5
In one slimhole application for a major operator in Western Canada, a 158.7mm Compass bit
100
4
Meters
ROP
was challenged to increase meters drilled while maintaining an acceptable rate of penetration
80
60
3 (ROP). This application requires the bit to pass through increasingly hard formations including
40
2 the abrasive, sharp sands of the Cadomin/Nikanassin formations. Varel supplied the operator
20 1
with the Compass CM44DMRS bit, equipped with a diamond enhanced back row, leading edge
0 0
shirttail inserts and stabilization inserts. The bit drilled 180 meters, down to 1985 meters
Bit
n1
n2
n3
n4
n5
depth. This performance netted a 19.4 percent improvement in meters drilled when compared to
ss
Ru
Ru
Ru
Ru
Ru
pa
tor
tor
tor
tor
tor
the closest competitor offset and a 31 percent improvement in ROP.
om
eti
eti
eti
eti
eti
lC
mp
mp
mp
mp
mp
re
Co
Co
Co
Co
Co
Va
www.varelintl.com

9. Overview
Compass™ Series Slimhole Bits
Reduced size casing programs, re-entries, multi-laterals, and coiled tubing
drilling all require steerability, reliability and efficient rate of penetration .
Engineered with application specific technology, Compass Series Slimhole Bits
provide excellent steerability and high rates of penetration even when weight
on bit is limited . The bearing provides long, reliable performance in deep hole,
long reach sections where increased RPMs in motor applications are commonly
Cutting structures designed for high ROP
encountered . and steering response.
Series Features and Benefits
› Advanced cutting structure and gage
Compass series bits are made with highly responsive cutting structures designed for
increased drilling speed and unsurpassed steerability . The dense shirttail protection
included in the gage of slimhole bits provides superior durability in directional
applications .
Custom gage row designs are available to optimize the bit for specific drilling
applications . Semi-round top (SRT) inserts or flat topped diamond inserts are applied View of the internal bearing structure. The
advanced bearing metallurgy included in this
to harden the gage where required . series provides for a stronger, more stable
bearing surface.
› Patented conical seal gland
Constructed to resist cuttings packing in the seal area, the unique geometry of the seal
gland provides significant benefits during high angle drilling .
› Patented heat shield
Deployed between the seal and inner bearing, this shield provides life extending thermal
insulation to the seal from heat generated in the bearing .
› High temperature, high lubricity bearing grease
Advanced synthetic grease allows for improved lubrication and greater reliability in high
speed motor applications .
› High capacity reservoir High capacity grease reservoir improves
lubrication within the bearing.
The redesigned reservoir is capable of delivering bearing lubrication over longer and
higher RPM runs .
› Patented High Energy Tumbled™ (HET) cutting inserts
Cutting elements undergo the HET process to alter the surface attributes, resulting in
inserts that are more abrasion and impact resistant .
› Advanced bearing metallurgy
Compass bits are equipped with a silver plated journal bushing, silver plated floating
thrust washer, pilot pin and enhanced bearing hardmetal alloy for increased durability
and reliability .
Heat shield ring with a conical seal gland helps
prevent thermal degradation of the seal.
7

10. A-Force Series
› Advanced cutting › HET™ conical inserts
structure
› Back row gage protection
› Shirttail protection › Replaceable steel
jet nozzles with
nail retention
› Advanced compensation
system
› Hardfacing near reservoir
for wear resistance in Diamond enhancement upgrades are available for
lateral sections and both the shirttail and primary cutting structure.
building angle These upgrades can be especially beneficial in
abrasive air, mist and foam applications.
Heat shield ring with a conical Cutaway view of the new All new head forgings maximize
seal gland helps prevent thermal high load bearing system leg strength while increasing
degradation of the seal clearance area for cuttings removal
www.varelintl.com

11. Overview
A-Force™ Patented High Energy
In the quest for higher rates of penetration, operators are increasingly Tumbled (HET) Inserts
turning to underbalanced drilling that utilizes air, water mist and
Varel A-Force bits are designed with
foam fluid systems . These complex systems require specialized bits to
tough HET conical inserts with medium
maximize efficiency and performance .
extension . The conical shape promotes
Varel has been engineering roller cone bits for air and underbalanced high ROPs in underbalanced drilling . The
drilling applications since 1994 . Now Varel introduces the A-Force engineered cutting structures of A-Force
series of sealed journal bearing jet air bits to meet the needs of these bits are both durable and efficient .
applications and provide superior results .
Newly Engineered Bearing and Seal System
Included on all A-Force series bits is an updated sealed journal bearing
system designed with new technology that improves management of
bearing heat and better accommodates high drilling loads .
› Advanced cutting structure and gage
A-Force series bits use cutting structures designed for increased drilling speed
Patented High Energy Tumbled Inserts
in underbalanced drilling applications . The dense shirttail protection included
in the gage provides superior durability in directional applications .
› Patented conical seal gland
Constructed to resist cuttings packing in the seal area, the unique geometry of
the seal gland provides significant benefits during high angle drilling .
› Patented heat shield
Deployed between the seal and inner bearing, this shield provides life extending
thermal insulation to the seal from heat generated in the bearing .
› High temperature, high lubricity bearing grease
Advanced synthetic grease allows for improved lubrication and greater reliability High capacity grease reservoir system improves
grease distribution within the bearing
in high speed motor applications .
› High capacity reservoir
The redesigned reservoir is capable of delivering bearing lubrication over longer
and higher RPM runs .
› Patented High Energy Tumbled™ (HET) cutting inserts
Cutting elements undergo the HET process to alter the surface attributes,
resulting in inserts that are more abrasion and impact resistant .
› Advanced bearing metallurgy
A-Force bits are equipped with a silver plated journal bushing, silver plated
floating thrust washer, pilot pin and enhanced bearing hardmetal alloy for
increased durability and reliability .
9

12. Challenger Series
Steel Tooth and TCI
› Advanced Cutting
Structures
› Premium Hardfacing
› Advanced Shirttail
Contouring
› Semi-Round
Top Gage
Protection
(G Feature)*
› Shirttail
Protection
› Center Jet Nozzle
Available
Challenger bits deliver reliable performances with time-proven
cutting structures that offer high drilling efficiency, minimize
wear and prevent tracking in a wide variety of formations.
www.varelintl.com

13. Overview
Challenger™ Series Varel Jumbo Sealed Bearing Bit Availability
Challenger Series Bits are designed to be durable and deliver
efficient performance in all applications . Steel
Bit Sizes Tungsten Carbide Insert
Tooth
In the large diameter performance sector (14 3/4" thru IADC Code 115 135 415 435 445 515 615
18 1/2 diameters), improved roller bearings, redesigned head
Inches mm
forgings, new bearing grease, and an upgraded and larger
reservoir capacity deliver longer bearing life in the more 22 558 .8 • •
challenging runs that are increasingly common with today's 23 584 .2 • • • • •
directional well profiles . 24 609 .6 • • •
Varel has expanded the "Jumbo" bit product offering to include 26 660 .4 • • • • •
additional sizes, cutting structures and bearing options to meet 28 711 .2 • •
all your top-hole needs . Varel is the industry leader in jumbo
bits for oil and gas wells .
Advanced Cutting Structures
Challenger cutting structures are engineered to provide
the lowest possible drilling costs . Each design has the row
placement and cutter geometry determined to provide high
drilling efficiency, minimize tooth wear and prevent tracking
in a wide variety of formations and conditions .
Advanced Shirttail Contouring
Extensive shirttail contouring and clearance from the wall of the
hole ensures that fine cuttings are carried away from the seal
area, providing longer seal life .
Gage protection
Challenger steel bits feature superior gage protection . Semi-
round top inserts are strategically placed between gage teeth,
and work in unison with hardfacing to provide additional gage
and seal protection .
Premium Hardfacing
The tooth surfaces are fortified with premium, high-density
tungsten carbide hardfacing applied by oxy-acetylene welding
for superior wear resistance .
Center Jet Nozzle (J Feature)
A fourth interchangeable jet is installed in the center of the bit
to reduce bit balling or provide extra flow capacity .
11

14. Steel Tooth - Open Bearing Bits
› High Extension
Balling Resistant
Cutting Structure
› Non-Sealed
Roller Bearing
› Center Water Course
www.varelintl.com

15. Overview
Cutting Structure Steel Tooth - Open Bearing Bit Availability
Millimeters
High extension balling resistant cutting structure and Bit Type IADC Inches (in)
(mm)
application specific hardmetal patterns for high penetration
374 .6, 381 .0,
rates and long life in soft abrasive formations . 14 ¾, 15,
406 .4, 444 .5,
16, 17 ½,
508 .0, 533 .4,
20, 21,
Bearing Package 22, 23,
558 .8, 584 .2,
L111/L3A 111 609 .6, 660 .4,
24, 26,
Traditional ball and roller bearing, utilizing thrust buttons 698 .5, 863 .6,
27 ½, 34,
for axial bearing loads, gives reliable performance under a 36, 38 ¼, 914 .4, 971 .6,
variety of rotary speeds and loads . 44 1111 .8
L113 113 26, 28 711 .2
Center Jet Nozzle (J Feature) L121 121 12 ¼, 13 ¾ 311 .1, 349 .2
L131 131 17 ½, 26 444 .5, 660 .4
A fourth interchangeable jet is installed in the center of
the bit to reduce bit balling or provide extra flow capacity . L211 211 26 660 .4
(Available only in 7 7⁄8" bits and larger) . Smaller bits are
configured with a center fluid course .
Forged Teeth Steel Tooth - Center Water Course
Millimeters
Varel steel tooth bits 13 ¾" and smaller are manufactured Bit Type IADC Inches (in)
(mm)
with our exclusive forged tooth process . This innovative 79 .3, 82 .5,
method provides stronger, more impact-resistant teeth when 88 .9, 92 .1,
compared with milling because the metal flow lines from the 3 1
⁄8, 3 ¼, 3 ½, 95 .2, 98 .4,
forging process follow the tooth contours instead of being 3 5
⁄8, 3 ¾, 3 7⁄8, 104 .8, 107 .9,
4 1
⁄8, 4 ¼, 4 ½, 114 .3, 117 .5,
cut by machining . 4 5
⁄8, 4 ¾, 4 7⁄8, 120 .7, 123 .8,
L2 211
5 1
⁄8, 5 ¼, 5 5⁄8, 130 .1, 133 .4,
Open Bearings 5 ¾, 6, 6 1⁄8, 142 .8, 146 .1,
6 ¼, 6 ½, 6 5⁄8 152 .4, 155 .5,
20" and larger bits include weep holes to assist cone drainage 6 ¾, 7 7⁄8, 8 ½ 158 .7, 165 .1,
and cleaning between runs . Grease fittings are also included 168 .3, 171 .4,
200 .0, 215 .9
to re-grease bearings for protection between runs and during
periods of storage . 98 .4, 120 .7,
L1 311 3 7⁄8, 4 ¾, 6 1⁄8
155 .6
73 .0, 74 .6,
2 7⁄8, 2 15⁄16,
98 .4, 101 .6,
LH1 321 3 7⁄8, 4,
114 .3, 120 .6,
4 ½, 4 ¾, 4 7⁄8
123 .8
13

16. Bit Nomenclature
Feature
Indicates Bit Series Feature Name
Code
TCI Bit Steel Tooth Bit
HE= High Energy Tungsten Carbide Coated
Cones
E Optional -
CM= Compass Cone Back Row Insert
G Standard Optional
AF = A-Force Protection
CH/CR= Challenger Steel Center Jet
A-Force > 7 7/8" only
H Optional -
HE24DMRSV Center Jet > 7 7/8" only
Shirttail Hardfacing
Stabilization Inserts
M
R
J Optional
Standard
Optional
Optional
Standard
Optional
Leading Edge Shirttail
S Optional Optional
Inserts
Standard on
V-Jet Hydraulics V Optional
<IADC 537
Number System
Diamond Enhanced
Z Optional Optional
One digit: Shirttail
Steel tooth cutting structure
Softest-to-hardest (1-3)
Two digits:
TCI cutting structure
Softest-to-hardest (00-99)
Even numbers - Predominately chisel-shaped inserts
Odd numbers - Predominately conical-shaped inserts
Enchanced Steel Tooth
Diamond Feature TCI Bits
Nomenclature Bits
33% Back Row D • •
50% Back Row D1 • •
66% Back Row D2 • •
100% Back Row D3 • •
33% Back Row + 100% Gage DD •
50% Back Row + 100% Gage D1D •
66% Back Row + 100% Gage D2D •
100% Back Row + 100% Gage D3D •
Full Diamond Structure D3DD •
Diamond Leading Edge Shirttail Z • •
www.varelintl.com

17. Shirttail Protection
To enhance gage holding and seal protection, Varel
roller cone bits provide value with a variety of shirttail
protection packages for high-angle drilling, abrasive
formations and steerable applications . These shirttail
protection packages can be used to tailor bits to meet
your drilling needs .
› Shirttail Hardfacing (M Feature)
For demanding motor applications, a generous
application of tungsten carbide hardfacing is applied to
the shirttail lower edge and leading edge of the bit leg
to provide enhanced seal protection .
› Leading Edge Shirttail Inserts (S Feature)
Tungsten carbide inserts are placed along the leading
edge of the shirttail providing additional wear resistance
in motor applications commanding high RPM or where
additional shirttail protection is needed .
› Stabilization Inserts (R Feature) Shirttail Hardfacing — Leading Edge and Hardfacing —
M Feature S Feature
Stabilization inserts enhance standard shirttail patterns
by providing bit stabilization and additional protection to
the pressure compensator in high-angle applications or
in deviation-prone formations .
› Diamond Enhanced Shirttail Inserts (Z Feature)
In Varel’s premium shirttail protection package PCD-
capped inserts replace tungsten carbide inserts (TCI) in
strategic locations to provide maximum shirttail protection
in abrasive formations or directional applications .
Stabilization and Hardfacing — Diamond Enhanced and
R Feature Hardfacing — Z Feature
15

18. Premium Options
› Diamond Enhanced Back Row (D Feature)
Carbide, back-row inserts are replaced with polycrystalline
diamond (PCD)-capped inserts to increase gage holding in abrasive
applications .
› Diamond Enhanced Gage and Back Row (DD Feature)
Back row and all gage inserts utilize PCD-capped inserts to maximize
gage holding .
› Fully Diamond Enhanced Cutting Structure (D3DD Feature)
All inserts are PCD-capped to extend bit life in the most extreme
drilling conditions . The premium D3DD package features a fully
PCD-clad cutting structure providing excellent wear resistance
in the harshest environments .
› Tungsten Carbide Coated Cones (E Feature)
All exposed portions of the TCI cones are coated with tungsten
carbide to provide maximum resistance in applications where cone
shell erosion limits bit life .
› Steel Center Air Jet Nozzle (H Feature)
Air type bits offer an optional center air jet nozzle featuring three
additional ports for enhanced cutting structure and enhanced hole
cleaning . (Available only in 7 7/8" bits and larger)
› Center Jet Nozzle (J Feature)
A fourth interchangeable jet is installed in the center of the bit to
reduce bit balling or provide extra flow capacity . (Available only in
7 7/8" bits and larger)
› V-Jet Hydraulics (V Feature)
The V-Jet aimed flow stream produces better cone cleaning, which
improves bit penetration rates . In addition to new head forgings,
the new designs maximize leg strength while minimizing overall bit
length, helping to deliver more hydraulic horsepower to the hole
bottom .
www.varelintl.com

19. High Energy Tumbled (HET)
Patented High Energy Tumbled (HET) cutting performance
This proprietary process for improving the attributes of tungsten
carbide inserts (TCI) overcomes the traditional trade-off between
wear resistance and fracture toughness of tungsten carbide
components and actually makes TCI components both harder and
tougher . The HET process constitutes one more quality assurance
step in the manufacturing of tungsten carbide inserts . We
manufacture the inserts used in our products and control all of the
HET processing and inspection of inserts .
Impact Strength Testing Static Bending Strength
Non HET
Non HET
100% HET
HET
Drop Impact Survival Rate
80% Drop Survival Survival Rate
e
eas
Height Rate HET Non HET
ncr
60% 2 100% 33%
%I
3 100% 0%
4 100% 0%
210
40%
5 40% 0%
20%
0%
2 3 4 5
Drop Height
High Energy Tumbled (HET)
Tungsten Carbide
› Patented process
› Proven to increase insert
toughness
› Results in greater overall
penetration rates
› Reduced drilling costs
17

20. Roller Cone Reference Tables Bit Connections, Total Flow Area
Bit Diameter Tolerances
The gage diameter of the cutting edge of the bits shall conform to the
size designation within the following tolerances:
Roller Cone Bit Diameter Tolerances
Size of Bit Tolerance
in. in. mm
13 3/8 and smaller + 1/32 - 0 + 0 .80 - 0
13 25/32 to 17 1/2, inclusive + 1/16 - 0 + 1 .59 - 0
17 17/32 and larger + 3/32 - 0 + 2 .38 - 0
© American Petroleum Institute
Total Flow Area (TFA) Table
Nozzle Flow Area (square inches)
Nozzle
Size 1 2 3 4
Nozzle Nozzles Nozzles Nozzles
7/32 0 .0376 0 .0752 0 .1127 0 .1503
8/32 0 .0491 0 .0982 0 .1473 0 .1963
9/32 0 .0621 0 .1243 0 .1864 0 .2485
10/32 0 .0767 0 .1534 0 .2301 0 .3068
11/32 0 .0928 0 .1856 0 .2784 0 .3712
12/32 0 .1104 0 .2209 0 .3313 0 .4418
13/32 0 .1296 0 .2592 0 .3889 0 .5185
14/32 0 .1503 0 .3007 0 .4510 0 .6013
15/32 0 .1726 0 .3451 0 .5177 0 .6903
16/32 0 .1963 0 .3927 0 .5890 0 .7854
17/32 0 .2217 0 .4433 0 .6650 0 .8866
18/32 0 .2485 0 .4970 0 .7455 0 .9940
Roller Cone Bit Connection Sizes 19/32 0 .2769 0 .5538 0 .8307 1 .1075
Size of Bit Size and Style of 20/32 0 .3068 0 .6136 0 .9204 1 .2272
in. Rotary Pin Connection
21/32 0 .3382 0 .6765 1 .0147 1 .3530
2 7/8 to 3 3/8 inclusive 4 Thread N Rod
22/32 0 .3712 0 .7424 1 .1137 1 .4849
3 1/2 to 4 1/2 inclusive 2 3/8 API REG
24/32 0 .4418 0 .8836 1 .3254 1 .7671
4 5/8 to 5 inclusive 2 7/8 API REG
26/32 0 .5185 1 .0370 1 .5555 2 .0739
5 1/8 to 7 3/8 inclusive 3 1/2 API REG
28/32 0 .6013 1 .2026 1 .8040 2 .4053
7 1/2 to 9 3/8 inclusive 4 1/2 API REG
30/32 0 .6904 1 .3808 2 .0711 2 .7615
9 1/2 to 14 3/8 inclusive 6 5/8 API REG
32/32 0 .7855 1 .5710 2 .3565 3 .1420
14 1/2 to 18 1/2 inclusive 6 5/8 API REG or 7 5/8 API REG
18 5/8 to 26 inclusive 7 5/8 API REG or 8 5/8 API REG
27 and larger 8 5/8 API REG
Note: Some bit types are available with alternate connection sizes by
special order .
www.varelintl.com

21. Makeup Torque Table Roller Cone Reference Tables
Nozzle Table
Recommended Roller Cone Makeup Torque
API Pin Size Recommended Torque
in. ft - lbs N-m
2 3/8 Reg . 3,000 - 3,500 4,100 - 4,800
2 7/8 Reg . 4,500 - 5,500 6,100 - 7,500
3 1/2 Reg . 7,000 - 9,000 9,500 - 12,200
4 1/2 Reg . 12,000 - 16,000 16,000 - 22,000
6 5/8 Reg . 28,000 - 32,000 38,000 - 43,000
7 5/8 Reg . 34,000 - 40,000 46,000 - 54,000
8 5/8 Reg . 40,000 - 60,000 54,000 - 81,000
Makeup torque is for pin size only, not bit diameter .
Nozzle Size & Availability
Bit Size Range Standard Nozzles Mini-Extended Nozzles
Bearing Type
in. mm Part No. Available Sizes Part No. Available Sizes
3 7/8 - 4 1/2 98 .5 - 114 .3 SEALED 15669 8 thru 16, 18 - -
4 5/8 - 6 117 .4 - 152 .4 SEALED 5940 8 thru 16, 18, 20 - -
6 1/8 - 6 3/4 155 .6 - 171 .5 SEALED 17536 8 thru 16, 18, 20 - -
7 1/2 - 7 7/8 190 .5 - 200 .0 8 thru 16, 18, 20,
SEALED 5941 12102 9 thru 16, 18, 20
9 7/8 250 .9 22, 24, 26, 28
8 1/4 - 9 7/8, 11, 209 .6 - 250 .9,
SEALED 8 thru 16, 18, 20, 9 thru 16, 18,
12 279 .4, 304 .8 6703 12278
22, 24, 26, 28 20, 22
12 1/4 - 15 1/2 311 .2 - 393 .7 ALL
16 - 28 406 .4 - 711 .2 9 thru 20, 22, 24, 12 thru 16, 18,
ALL 10735 17597
44 1117 .6 26, 28, 30, 32 20, 22, 24, 28
Center Jet Nozzle Size & Availability
Bit Size Range Center Jet Nozzles
Bearing Type
in. mm Part No. Available Sizes
7 7/8 - 9 7/8 200 .0 - 250 .9 ALL 32477 8 thru 16
10 5/8 - 28 269 .9 - 711 .2 ALL 12400 8 thru 16, 18, 20
19

22. Bit Shipping Weights Roller Cone Reference Tables
Roller Cone Bit Shipping Weights
TCI Steel Tooth
Bit Diameter Approximate Weight Approximate Weight
Regular Jet Regular Jet
in. mm
lbs. kg lbs. kg lbs. kg lbs. kg
2 7/8 - 2 15/16 73 .0 - 74 .6 4 .5 2
2 15/16 - 3 74 .6 - 76 .2 9 4
3 1/8 - 3 1/4 79 .3 - 82 .5 4 .5 2
3 1/2 88 .9 9 4
3 1/2 - 3 3/4 88 .9 - 95 .2 9 4
3 7/8 98 .4 10 5
3 7/8 - 4 1/8 98 .4 - 104 .7 9 4
4 101 .6 15 7
4 1/8 104 .7 15 7
4 1/4 107 .9 11 5
4 1/2 114 .3 11 5 12 5
4 5/8 117 .4 12 5
4 3/4 120 .6 20 9 16 7 21 10
4 7/8 - 5 123 .8 - 127 .0 16 7
5 1/8 130 .1 20 9
5 1/8 - 5 1/2 130 .1 - 139 .7 17 8
5 1/4 133 .1 36 17 20 9
5 5/8 142 .8 36 17 27 12
5 5/8 - 5 7/8 142 .8 - 149 .2 25 12
5 3/4 146 .0 27 12
5 7/8 149 .2 38 17 27 12
6 152 .4 38 17 36 16 27 12 33 15
6 1/8 155 .5 38 17 36 16 27 12 33 15
6 1/4 158 .7 42 19 30 14 37 17
6 1/2 - 6 5/8 165 .1 - 168 .3 42 19 32 15
6 3/4 171 .4 46 21 33 15 46 21
7 3/8 187 .3 41 19
7 5/8 193 .6 67 30 70 32
7 7/8 200 .0 81 37 67 30 71 33
8 3/8 212 .7 83 38
8 1/2 215 .9 93 42 92 42 86 39
8 3/4 222 .2 101 46 92 42 86 39
9 5/8 244 .4 116 53
9 7/8 250 .8 137 62 116 53 133 60
10 5/8 269 .8 190 86 131 60
11 279 .4 190 86 140 64
12 304 .8 210 95 180 82
12 1/4 311 .1 228 105 180 82 213 97
13 3/4 349 .2 275 125 253 115
14 3/4 - 15 374 .6 - 381 .0 336 152 345 157
16 406 .4 580 264 442 192
17 1/2 444 .5 621 282 450 204 505 229
20 508 .0 647 294
22 558 .8 891 404
24 609 .6 1125 510
26 660 .4 1625 737 1411 640
28 711 .2 1300 590
36 914 .4 4219 1914
www.varelintl.com

23. API Casing Dimensions and Bit Diameters
Dimensions Bit Size
Weight Wall Nominal Casing Recommended Bit Size Diameter
Size OD API Drift
Per Foot Thickness Inside Coupling
in. Diameter in. in. mm
Nominal lbs. in. Diameter in. OD in.
9 .50 .205 4 .090 5 .000 3 .965 3 7/8 98 .4
10 .50 .224 4 .052 5 .000 3 .927 3 7/8 98 .4
4 1/2
11 .60 .250 4 .000 5 .000 3 .875 3 7/8 98 .4
13 .50 .290 3 .920 5 .000 3 .795 3 3/4 95 .2
11 .50 .220 4 .560 5 .563 4 .435 41/4 107 .9
13 .00 .253 4 .494 5 .563 4 .369 41/4 107 .9
5
15 .00 .296 4 .408 5 .563 4 .283 41/4 107 .9
18 .00 .362 4 .276 5 .563 4 .151 4 1/8 104 .8
14 .00 .244 5 .012 6 .050 4 .887 4 7/8 123 .8
15 .50 .275 4 .950 6 .050 4 .825 4/34 120 .7
5 1/2 17 .00 .304 4 .892 6 .050 4 .767 4/34 120 .7
20 .00 .361 4 .778 6 .050 4 .653 4 5/8 117 .5
23 .00 .415 4 .670 6 .050 4 .545 4 1/2 114 .3
20 .00 .288 6 .049 7 .390 5 .924 5 7/8 149 .2
24 .00 .352 5 .921 7 .390 5 .796 5 3/4 146 .1
6 5/8
28 .00 .417 5 .791 7 .390 5 .666 5 5/8 142 .8
32 .00 .475 5 .675 7 .390 5 .550 5 1/4 133 .4
17 .00 .231 6 .538 7 .656 6 .413 6 1/4 158 .7
20 .00 .272 6 .456 7 .656 6 .331 6 1/4 158 .7
23 .00 .317 6 .366 7 .656 6 .241 6 1/4 158 .7
26 .00 .362 6 .276 7 .656 6 .151 6 1/8 155 .5
7
29 .00 .408 6 .184 7 .656 6 .059 6 152 .4
32 .00 .453 6 .094 7 .656 5 .969 5 7/8 149 .2
35 .00 .498 6 .004 7 .656 5 .879 5 7/8 149 .2
38 .00 .540 5 .920 7 .656 5 .795 5 3/4 146 .1
24 .00 .300 7 .025 8 .500 6 .900 6 3/4 171 .4
26 .20 .328 6 .969 8 .500 6 .844 6 3/4 171 .4
7 5/8 29 .70 .375 6 .875 8 .500 6 .750 6 3/4 171 .4
33 .70 .430 6 .765 8 .500 6 .640 6 1/2 165 .1
39 .00 .500 6 .625 8 .500 6 .500 6 1/2 165 .1
24 .00 .264 8 .097 9 .625 7 .972 7 7/8 200 .0
28 .00 .304 8 .017 9 .625 7 .892 7 7/8 200 .0
32 .00 .352 7 .921 9 .625 7 .796 7 5/8 193 .7
8 5/8 36 .00 .400 7 .825 9 .625 7 .700 7 5/8 193 .7
40 .00 .450 7 .725 9 .625 7 .600 6 3/4 171 .4
44 .00 .500 7 .625 9 .625 7 .500 6 3/4 171 .4
49 .00 .557 7 .511 9 .625 7 .386 6 3/4 171 .4
32 .30 .32 9 .001 10 .635 8 .845 8 3/4 222 .2
36 .00 .352 8 .921 10 .635 8 .756 8 3/4 222 .2
40 .00 .395 8 .835 10 .635 8 .697 8 1/2 215 .9
9 5/8
43 .50 .435 8 .755 10 .635 8 .599 8 1/2 215 .9
47 .00 .472 8 .681 10 .635 8 .525 8 1/2 215 .9
53 .50 .545 8 .535 10 .635 8 .397 8 3/8 212 .7
32 .75 .279 10 .192 11 .750 10 .036 9 7/8 250 .8
40 .50 .350 10 .050 11 .750 9 .894 9 7/8 250 .8
45 .50 .400 9 .950 11 .750 9 .794 9 5/8 244 .5
10 3/4 51 .00 .450 9 .850 11 .750 9 .694 9 5/8 244 .5
55 .50 .495 9 .760 11 .750 9 .604 9 1/2 241 .3
60 .70 .545 9 .660 11 .750 9 .504 9 1/2 241 .3
65 .70 .595 9 .560 11 .750 9 .404 9 228 .6
42 .00 .333 11 .084 12 .750 10 .928 10 5/8 269 .9
47 .00 .375 11 .000 12 .750 10 .844 10 5/8 269 .9
11 3/4
54 .00 .435 10 .880 12 .750 10 .724 10 5/8 269 .9
60 .00 .489 10 .772 12 .750 10 .616 9 7/8 250 .8
48 .00 .330 12 .715 14 .375 12 .559 12 1/4 311 .1
54 .50 .380 12 .615 14 .375 12 .459 12 1/4 311 .1
13 3/8 61 .00 .430 12 .515 14 .375 12 .359 12 1/4 311 .1
68 .00 .480 12 .415 14 .375 12 .259 12 1/4 311 .1
72 .00 .514 12 .347 14 .375 12 .191 12 304 .8
65 .00 .375 15 .250 17 .000 15 .062 14 3/4 374 .6
16 75 .00 .438 15 .125 17 .000 14 .936 14 3/4 374 .6
84 .00 .495 15 .010 17 .000 14 .822 14 3/4 374 .6
18 5/8 87 .50 .435 17 .756 20 .000 17 .567 17 1/2 444 .5
94 .00 .438 19 .124 21 .000 18 .936 17 1/2 444 .5
20 106 .50 .500 19 .000 21 .000 18 .812 17 1/2 444 .5
133 .00 .635 18 .730 21 .000 18 .542 17 1/2 444 .5
21

24. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Tel: +60 .32 .693 .2255
Western Hemisphere Fax: +60 .32 .693 .7550
Western United States
Fort Worth, Texas USA Bangkok, Thailand
Tel: +1 .800 .827 .3526 Tel: +66 .2713 .2215
Tel: +1 .817 .439 .1183 Fax: +66 .2713 .3787
Fax: +1 .817 .439 .4294
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Odessa, Texas USA Tel: +84 .8 .5404 .6868
Tel: +1 .800 .371 .1658 Fax: +84 .8 .5404 .6969
Tel: +1 .432 .367 .1658
Fax: +1 .432 .550 .5385 Europe
Pau, France
Gulf Coast & South Texas Tel: +33 .55 .914 .4825
Houston, Texas USA Fax: +33 .55 .914 .4844
Tel: +1 .888 .273 .5334
Tel: +1 .281 .670 .2401 Medemblik, The Netherlands
Fax: +1 .281 .227 .6682 Tel: +31 .227 .570 .030
Fax: +31 .227 .547 .003
Mid-Continent
Oklahoma City, Okla USA Aberdeen, United Kingdom
Tel: +1 .888 .731 .4046 Tel: +44 .1224 .785 .209
Tel: +1 .405 .672 .3633 Fax: +44 .1224 .785 .224
Fax: +1 .405 .672 .4696
Middle East
Rockies Abu Dhabi, UAE
Centennial, Colo . USA Tel: +971 .2644 .8414
Tel: +1 .303 .768 .8182 Fax: +971 .2644 .8424
Fax: +1 .303 .672 .4696
Dubai, UAE
Canada Tel: +971 .4327 .7790
Calgary, Alberta Canada Fax: +971 .4327 .8649
Tel: +1 .888 .988 .4988
Tel: +1 .403 .266 .5801 Cairo, Egypt
World Headquarters Tel: +201 .2325 .3240
Fax: +1 .403 .303 .2693
Dallas, Texas USA
Tel: +1 .800 .827 .3526 Ahmadi, Kuwait
Tel: +1 .972 .242 .1160
Eastern Hemisphere Tel: +965 .2398 .0817
Fax: +1 .972 .242 .8770 Africa Fax: +965 .2398 .0825
info@varelintl .com Hassi-Messaoud, Algeria
Tel: +213 .2975 .4738 Muscat, Oman
Pau, France Fax: +213 .2975 .4737 Tel: +968 .2478 .9070
Tel: +33 .55 .914 .4825
Fax: +33 .55 .914 .4844 Port-Gentil, Gabon Islamabad, Pakistan
Tel: +241 .781 .4131 Tel: +92 .51 .225 .6170
8 Fax: +92 .51 .225 .6190
Asia-Pacific
Booragoon, WA Australia Doha, Qatar
Tel: +61 .8 .9315 .9999 Tel: +974 .467 .3825
Fax: +61 .8 .9315 .9800 Fax: +974 .443 .8986
Balikpapan, Indonesia Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
© VAREL INTERNATIONAL 2011 Tel: +62 .54 .287 .7859 Tel: +966 .3887 .9273
MKTG 11C500-06-2010
Fax: +62 .54 .287 .7950 Fax: +966 .3887 .4479