This report describes the best designing of a 200cc FARM CART MACHINE which will be useful to the farm fields due to the fact that, the purchase, repair and maintenance are affordable to all level of income earners. Despite the cost effectiveness of the machine, the report also tries to justify that the machine can be used multipurposely as it serves the purposes of been used as farm transport, mowering machine, boom spraying and or mini planter with two rows. All these can be achieved as long as the implements are attached with respect to the power capacity of the farm cart. The report tells only the design and testing of machine excluding its farm implements design. Some best reviews from other study projects done by other people in the world provided a good reference for designing and implementation of this project. The project is initially costly because it needs to develop a prototype and test the different first ideas. The project report describes the important of choosing to use the designed farm cart machine compared to other farm machines at the market which are most efficiently to be used by farmers in their fields. The challenges are inevitable in any project, here in designing of this 200cc farm machine, the major issue is the funding because the fund for this project is from the pocket which is always insufficient as it depends to the meals and accommodation money distribution sponsored from the HIGH EDUCATION STUDENTS LOAN BOARD (HESLB) thus it takes longer to accomplish the project by waiting another quarter of the semester to continue with the project which affects the other part of normal life(in terms of meals and accommodation). The report recommends that, the department of engineering sciences and technology and Sokoine University of Agriculture as a whole should invest into this technology by utilizing fully the idea and funding the project for more better improvement so as to attain the desired standard that can with stand the different farm field factors. These when taken into consideration there is a possibility to achieve the industrialization policy in our country and thereafter it is a better approach to modern agriculture.

1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND
TECHNOLOGY(DEST)
DESIGN OF 200CC FARM CART MACHINE
A PROTOTYPE FARM CART PROJECT
PROJECT REPORT
2020
+
SUBMITED TO:
THE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES
AND TECHNOLOGY (DEST)
PROFESSOR BONIFACE MBILINYI
SUBMITED BY:
DOTO, MUSA GESE - IWR/D/2016/0011

2. i
DESIGN OF FARM CART MACHINE
Cover picture
Project report
DOTO, MUSA GESE

3. ii
ABSTRACT
This report describes the best designing of a 200cc FARM CART MACHINE which will be
useful to the farm fields due to the fact that, the purchase, repair and maintenance are affordable
to all level of income earners. Despite the cost effectiveness of the machine, the report also tries
to justify that the machine can be used multipurposely as it serves the purposes of been used as
farm transport, mowering machine, boom spraying and or mini planter with two rows. All
these can be achieved as long as the implements are attached with respect to the power capacity of
the farm cart.
The report tells only the design and testing of machine excluding its farm implements design. Some
best reviews from other study projects done by other people in the world provided a good reference
for designing and implementation of this project. The project is initially costly because it needs to
develop a prototype and test the different first ideas.
The project report describes the important of choosing to use the designed farm cart machine
compared to other farm machines at the market which are most efficiently to be used by farmers
in their fields.
The challenges are inevitable in any project, here in designing of this 200cc farm machine, the
major issue is the funding because the fund for this project is from the pocket which is always
insufficient as it depends to the meals and accommodation money distribution sponsored from the
HIGH EDUCATION STUDENTS LOAN BOARD (HESLB) thus it takes longer to accomplish
the project by waiting another quarter of the semester to continue with the project which affects
the other part of normal life(in terms of meals and accommodation).
The report recommends that, the department of engineering sciences and technology and Sokoine
University of Agriculture as a whole should invest into this technology by utilizing fully the idea
and funding the project for more better improvement so as to attain the desired standard that can
with stand the different farm field factors. These when taken into consideration there is a possibility
to achieve the industrialization policy in our country and thereafter it is a better approach to modern
agriculture.

4. iii
DECLARATION
I declare that, this project report is my own unaided work. It is being submitted as a personal
project to the Department of Engineering Sciences and Technology (DEST) at Sokoine University
of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania. It has not been submitted before for any degree or examination
awards to any other University.
DOTO, MUSA GESE (IWR/D/2016/0011)
_________________________________
______/January /2020

5. iv
COPYRIGHT
All rights reserved. No part of this report owned by the student with registration number
IWR/D/2016/0011 may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means-graphic, electronic,
or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage and retrieval
systems-without written permission of the owner.

6. v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Thanks be to God. My grateful gratitude goes to all people contributed anything to every step in
implementing my project.

7. vi
DEDICATION
To my little sister (Neema Doto Gese).

8. vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover picture.................................................................................................................................... i
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................ii
DECLARATION...........................................................................................................................iii
COPYRIGHT................................................................................................................................. iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.............................................................................................................. v
DEDICATION............................................................................................................................... vi
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................. 1
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT AND JUSTIFICATION ........................................................... 1
1.3 OBJECTIVES....................................................................................................................... 2
1.3.1 OVER ALL OBJECTIVE.............................................................................................. 2
1.3.3 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES.............................................................................................. 2
2.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS.............................................................................................. 3
2.1 MATERIALS AND COST................................................................................................... 3
2.2 WORKSHOP PROCEDURES IN CONSTRUCTION........................................................ 3
2.3 TESTING OF FARM CART MACHINE ............................................................................ 8
3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION............................................................................................... 9
4.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. .................................................................. 9
BIBLIOGRAPHY......................................................................................................................... 11

9. 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
The first idea about this project was carried on September 2017 during the first FIELD
PRACTICAL TRAINING at AMAI engineering works serving as CRAFT MAN in
mechanical workshop as per SUA prospectus. I was inspired by friends worldwide
through internet. Firstly, was to design a small motorised electric go kart for
appreciating the real mechanics without thinking how the surrounding society
especially in the study carrier will benefit from such design.
Most of materials like motors and other electronic devices are not easy to get in our
country, they require to be imported from other countries which brings me with hard
time to proceed with the project up to when I developed the interest to use the
motorcycle engine, here all things started. For the first idea the engine placed was 2T
125 cc (Kick starter only) with a chain drive without reverse movement. The project
was successful in way that, it moves from one area to another but costly because the
2T engine consumes more fuel and it was a dead engine. Thinking as engineer helped
to come up with best and improved idea on how to reduce the gap between farmers
with more income who can afford to buy expensive farm machineries and those who
can’t afford that by designing a multifunction farm cart using self-starting 4T 200cc
engine.
This 4T 200cc engine is more powerful and can work efficiently although the
transmission mechanism is very complex because I chose to use both propeller shaft
and chain drive for gear reduction though not efficient as will be described in result and
discussion.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT AND JUSTIFICATION
Agriculture is vital component in growth of the economy of any country, it employs
about 67% of people. As the population of people in the world by 2050 is approximated
to be 9 billion. There is a need of technology utilization so as to increase the production
of agricultural produces, for example the use of farm machinery that provides farmers

10. 2
with quick and good cultivation practices like tillage, planting, weeding and general
farm management that will replace human effort and hence the rise of yields per season.
The issue that lead to the design of 200cc Farm cart machine comes at a point where
most of agricultural machinery like tractors, power tillers, planters, fertilizer
distribution and harvesters are too expensive to produce or purchase and too
sophisticated for peasant to operate and maintain. Most machineries are imported from
industrialized countries and creates maintenance problems due to unavailability of
spare parts.
Therefore, the presented project in this report justifies that the design of 200cc farm
cart will help farmers to significantly use it in many functions compared to other
available 200cc machine which are only designed for carrying cargos. The project
solves the issue of time consumption, operating cost, labour demand. It is possible to
increase more yields and agricultural efficiency. In a farm cart, there are mainly six
parts. They are Chassis, Engine, Steering, Transmission, Tiers, Brake, and Electric
Starter. Like every automobile, farm cart also has various systems. Mainly there are 4
systems in this machine. Fuel system, Ignition system, Lubrication system and
Cooling system.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
1.3.1 OVER ALL OBJECTIVE
To design a simple, cheap and powerful 200cc farm cart machine.
1.3.3 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
i) To expose farmers with new machinery technology
ii) Implementation of industrialization policy in our country (Tanzania).
iii) Recycle of materials like engines, tyres and metals to make a powerful
agricultural machine
iv) Testing – performance evaluation of the project.

11. 3
2.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
This report describes that after developing the interest in designing of the 200cc farm cart
machine the next stage was to work with workshop procedures. The procedures and a list of
all items is described below.
2.1 MATERIALS AND COST
S/No MATERIAL QUANTITY CONDITION COST(TSH)
1. ENGINE (200cc, 4T) 1 USED 520,000/-
2. FRONT TYRE 3 (MOTOR
CYCLE)
USED 40,000/-
3. REAL TYRE 2 (STANDARD) USED 80,000/-
4. THROTLE CABLES 2 NEW 12,000/-
5. FUEL SYSTEM - USED 15,000/-
6. PROPELLER
SHAFT
1 NEW 40,000/-
7. SEATS 2 USED 30,000/-
8. STREARING
SYSTEM
COMPLETE USED 100,000/-
9. PILLOW BLOCK
BEARING
3 NEW 48,000/-
10. BOLTS AND NUTS 101 NEW 45,000/-
11. PROCKET (46T) 1 NEW 8,000/-
12. CHAIN DRIVE 1 NEW 10,000/-
13. ANGLE BAR
METAL
6 @(3’’*2mm) NEW 50,000/-
14. CLUTCH PEDAL 1 NEW 5000/-
15. BRAKE SYSTEM FULL NEW 40,000/-
16. ACCELERATOR
PEDAL
1 NEW 5000/-
17. MACHINING 100000/=
18. TECHNICIANS PERSONEL 200,000/=
19. GEAR SYSTEM COMPLETE 30,000/
20. EXHAUST SYSTEM COMPLETE 25,000/-
21. OTHER 100,000/-
TOTAL 1, 503,000/-
2.2 WORKSHOP PROCEDURES IN CONSTRUCTION
The construction processes were done at department of engineering science and
technology workshop and for some basic was carried out the department. The following
are some procedures followed:

12. 4
(a) Engine preparation (repair and assembly)
(b) Preparation of materials for chassis construction

13. 5
(c) Welding
(d) Steering mounting
(e) Real tyre hub replacement

14. 6
(f) Complete chassis
(g) Front tyres preparation
(h) Engine and real tyres mounting

15. 7
(i) Propeller, reverse gear box and chain drive alignment
This is important section that needs more attention because it makes the whole farm
cart machine to move as it powered with the engine.
The problem of chain falling down due to complexity in aligning

16. 8
(j) Complete farm cart machine ready for test
2.3 TESTING OF FARM CART MACHINE
The machine was testes considering three categories which are: when have only driver,
two passengers, three passengers with 150 kg load pulling. The outputs are described
in result section below.

17. 9
3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The 200cc, 4 stroke, 4 wheeled farm cart machine, I finally made one under 1, 503,000/- which is
affordable. But I made just a proto type of that performance machine. The materials we used are
not up to the mark of automotive standard. Big companies will design one farm machine at a
minimum of 1 years. But 1 made this from within 3 years because of no fixed fund and time for
classes. I do not recommend driving this farm cart at a speed of 80 km/hour but it is best suited in
30-40 km/hour speed. An old-men aged about 50+ and women can also drive this farm cart.
The results or testing of the machine shows that its simple and powerful to be used in the field due
to fact that, can go up to the hill slope while pulling heavy objects. Therefore, can work at both
high and low gears any condition. But the issue of CHAIN FALLING DOWN affects the
performance of the machine because the machine is heavy which makes the chain to expand within
short time.
4.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.
The farm cart prototype machine is the best idea to work with, especially for agricultural institution
like Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA).
The machine has some challenges which needed to be resolved so as a project can work properly
and continue improving my designing for further steps. The machine is lacking some components
which are essentials in my designing but due to limited fund it was not possible to fulfil the
requirements. Those components are described in table below
S/NO COMPONENT CONDITION COST(TSH.)
1. DIFFERENTIAL UNIT NEW 325,000/-
2. STARTER MOTOR NEW 45,000/-
3. BATTERY (N12) NEW 50,000/-
4. SUSPENSIONS – SHOCK UPS (6) NEW 120,000/-
TOTAL 540,000
*The prices are due to window shopping date 14th
January 2020 at Morogoro, Tanzania

18. 10
Specifically, I would like to recommend to the department of engineering sciences and technology
and Sokoine university of agriculture as a whole to use this idea to manufacture more improved
200cc farm machine by modifying the important sections like steering system, braking. Lighting
(electricity), housing and other vital section to help small scaled farmers to use the machine at
cheap price compared to the available expensive farm machines in the market and the copyright
for the further manufacturing processes of the 200 cc farm cart machines will be provided to the
department and University after they have developed the interest on the project.

19. 11
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics - Thomas a Gillespie Automobile Engineering – Kirpal
Singh Google Search engine Prem Jeya Kumar, M., Gopalakrishnan, K., Srinivasan,
V.,Anbazhagan, R., Sundeep Aanan, J., PC modeling and simulation of car suspension
system, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, v-6, i-SUPPL5, pp-4629-4632,2013.
2. Meenakshi, C.M., Kumar, A., Priyadarshi, A., Dash, D.K.,Krishna, H., Analysis of spur gear
using finite element analysis, Middle - East Journal of Scientific Research, v-12, i-12, pp-
1672-1674, 2012. Sachithanandam, P., Meikandaan,
3. Nobels t, Deprez W., Pardon I, Stevens S., Viktorin O, Driesen J, Belmans R, design of a
small personal electrical vehicles as an educational project, 11th international power
electronics and motion control conference, Riga, Letland, Sept.2-4, 2004
4. IOSR Journal of mechanical and civil engineering (IOSR-JMCE)
5. Journal of automobile engineering-Euro break(2014)
6. Easy to build go-kart plans –Mark keller, ettow
7. www.wikipedia.org
8. www.kartbuilding.net
9. www.howstuffworks.com
10. www.ehow.com
11. International journal on mechanical & automobile engineering (IJMAE)