201. Examples Obsessions Compulsions Washing or cleaning “ Wash away my sins”. Thought appeared after sexual encounter with a married man Young woman repeatedly washes hands Need for order “ Everything must be in place”. Arranges and rearranges items Germs or dirt “ Everything is contaminated” Avoids touching all objects. Scrubs hands if she is forced to touch any object Symmetry “ Secretaries who practice neatness never gets fired’ Secretary lines up objects in rows on her desk, then realigns them repeatedly during the day
247. Mania Vs Depression Mania Depression Appearance Colorful, flamboyant Sad and gray Behavior Psychomotor agitation Psychomotor retardation Communication Pressured speech Stuttering Cluttering Monotonous speech
248. Mania Vs Depression Mania Depression Nx Risk for Injury (others) Risk for injury (self) suicidal precaution Nursing priority Safety and nutrition Safety and Nutrition Nutrition Finger foods and high in calories Increased in nutrients Treatment Lithium; ECT TCA; SSRI; MAOI’s ECT
249. Mania Vs Depression Mania Depression Milieu Non-stimulating environment Stimulating Appropriate activity Quiet type; non-competitive Monotonous; Non-competitive Attitude therapy Matter of fact Kind firmness; active friendliness
293. Delirium Vs Dementia Delirium Dementia Onset Usually sudden Usually gradual Course Usually brief with return to usual level of functioning Usually long-term and progressive, occasionally maybe arrested or reversed Age group any elderly
Phases Orientation Purpose of the group is stated, Objectives and expectations are laid out Working Leaders role is to keep the group focused, Support for each other to attain group goals Termination Leader acknowledges each member’s contribution and experience as a whole Members prepare for separation
Anxiety about being in places or situation from which escape might be difficult (or embarassing) or in which help may not be available in the event of having an unexpected or situationally predisposed panic or panic like symptoms. Agoraphobic fears typically involve characteristics cluster of situations that include being outside the home alone: being in a crowd or standing in a line; being on a bridge; and traveling on a bus, train or automobile.
First described by Emil Kraeplin and Eugen Bleuler. Previously known as dementia precox. Schizophrenia is a combination of two Greek words “schizien” and phren “mind” Age of onset: Late teens or early twenties Strong genetic compoenent
First described by Emil Kraeplin and Eugen Bleuler. Previously known as dementia precox. Schizophrenia is a combination of two Greek words “schizien” and phren “mind” Age of onset: Late teens or early twenties Strong genetic compoenent
Paranoid Characterized by prominent persecutory or grandiose delusions Most common form of the illness Undifferentiated Delusions and hallucinations of any type are prominent Accompanied by incoherence and grossly disorganized behavior Disorganized Characterized by the absence of systematized delusions and the presence of incoherence and inappropriate affect Residual Positive symptoms are minimal and negative symptoms predominate Catatonic * Motor disturbances predominate consisting of either agitated hyperactivity or a decrease in gross motor activity
Paranoid Characterized by prominent persecutory or grandiose delusions Most common form of the illness Undifferentiated Delusions and hallucinations of any type are prominent Accompanied by incoherence and grossly disorganized behavior Disorganized Characterized by the absence of systematized delusions and the presence of incoherence and inappropriate affect Residual Positive symptoms are minimal and negative symptoms predominate Catatonic * Motor disturbances predominate consisting of either agitated hyperactivity or a decrease in gross motor activity
Paranoid Characterized by prominent persecutory or grandiose delusions Most common form of the illness Undifferentiated Delusions and hallucinations of any type are prominent Accompanied by incoherence and grossly disorganized behavior Disorganized Characterized by the absence of systematized delusions and the presence of incoherence and inappropriate affect Residual Positive symptoms are minimal and negative symptoms predominate Catatonic * Motor disturbances predominate consisting of either agitated hyperactivity or a decrease in gross motor activity
Limit Setting is an effective technique that involves three steps: stating the behavioral limit (describing the unacceptable behavior), identifying the consequences that will occur if the limit is exceeded, an identifying the behavior that is expected or desired. Consistent limit-setting in a matter of fact, nonjudgemental manner is crucial to the success of this technique. For example. The client may approach the nurse in a flirtatious manner and attempt to gain personal information. The nurse would use limit-setting by saying” It is not acceptable for you to ask personal questions. If you continue to do that, I will terminate our interaction”. Confrontation is another technique designed to manage manipulative or deceptive behavior. The nurse points out the client’s problematic behavior while remaining neutral and matter of fact; the nurse avoids responding to the client in an accusatory manner. Confrontation can also be sued to keep the client focused on the topic and in the present. The nurse can keep the focus on the client’s behavior rather than his or hear attempts to justify the behavior. Nurse: You've said you’re interested in learning to mange anger outbursts, but you have missed the last 3 group meetings Client: Well I can tell no one in the group likes me. Why should I bother? Nurse: The group meetings are designed to help you and the others, but you can’t work on issues if you are not here.
Mild delirium that becomes more pronounced in the evening is called sundowning.
Homosexuality-> sexual attraction to members of the same sex Heterosexuality-> sexual attraction to members of the opposite sex Bisexuality sexual attraction to members of the opposite sex and the same sex Masochism experiencing sexual attraction, urges or arousal when receiving pain Sadism experiencing sexual attraction, urges or arousal when giving pain Frotteurism pleasure from rubbing genitals against unconsenting victim Pedophilia sexual pleasure with children below 13 Necrophilia sexual pleasure with the dead Voyerism experiencing intense pleasure from watching people undress Transvestism cross dressing with the opposite sex Transexualism going from one sex to another
Anorexia nervosa is a life threatening eating disorder characterized by the aforementioned symptoms.
