This is an introduction to Basic Electronics which includes the people behind its development, the parts and parameters of a simple circuit, the materials and tools needed in project making and safety related information.

1. Basic Electronics
Lesson 1: INTRODUCTION
Prepared by Engr. Myrna Anot-Cabrera

2. Great People who Contributed in the
Development of Electronics
THALES -. Wrote about the attraction of
straw and dust to fossilized tree sap called
amber ( amber is the greek word for
electron)624 -547 BC
CHARLES COULOMB-. Discovered the force
between electrically charged objects. The
unit of electric charge is coulomb.
1736-1806

3. History of Electronics
ALLESANDRO VOLTA – Discovered that
electricity is produced when two different
metals are in contact with moistened cloth.
The Volt is the unit of potential difference1745- 1827
HANS OERSTED - Determined that magnetic
field is present when current flows in a wire.
Oersted is one unit of magnetism.
1777 - 1851

4. History of Electronics
ANDREW AMPERE - Discovered the correct
theory of electromagnetic force.
AMPERE is the unit of current.
1775 - 1836
MICHAEL FARADAY- Discovered the
principle of electromagnetic induction
Invented the electric motor.
FARAD is the unit of capacitance.1791 - 1867

5. History of Electronics
J.J. THOMPSON – Discovered the electron.
The study of the flow of electrons and its
uses is called electronics.
He won the nobel prize for Physics in 19061856 - 1940
GEORGE OHM – Determined the relationship
between current and voltage in an electric
circuit .
OHM is the unit of resistance.1789- 1854

6. History of Electronics
THOMAS ALVA EDISON – Invented the
incandescent lamp , phonograph and early
film projector
Patented 1093 inventions.1847 - 1931
SAMUEL MORSE – Invented the telegraph
and the code that bears his name.
Sent the first telegraph message in 18441791 - 1872

7. History of Electronics
GUGLIELMO MARCONI – Developed the first
practical inventions in radio telegraphy over
long distances.
Received the first trans-atlantic radio signal
in 1901.
Received the nobel prize for Physics in 1908
AMBROISE FLEMING AND LEE DE
FOREST- Invented the vacuum tube
In 1902 . Lee de Forest developed
the vacuum tube amplifier in 1906.

8. History of Electronics
Nick Holonyak, Jr. - invented the first visible-
spectrum LED in 1962 while working as a
consulting scientist at a General Electric
Company laboratory in Syracuse, New York.

9. History of Electronics
JOHN BARDEEN, WILLIAM
SHOCKLEY AND WALTER
BRATTAIN - Invented the
transistor in 1948
Received the nobel prize for
Physics in 1956
John Bardeen William Shockley Walter Brattain

10. History of Electronics
Robert Norton Noyce
Jack Kilby
ROBERT NORTON NOYCE AND JACK KILBY - Invented
the integrated circuit ( IC) in 1958.
Noyce was one of the founders of INTEL , the largest
chip maker.
Kilby invented the calculator and won the nobel prize
for Physics in 2000.

11. Parts of the simplest circuit
• Potential Difference or Electromotive force ( emf) – pushes
the electrons to move , example : battery
• Conducting Path – for a complete current flow
• Control Element ( switch) – optional – for turning on or off
the current
• Load ( Resistance) – the one that converts the electrical
energy into another form example: bulb or resistor

12. Basic Electronic Components
SWITCHES

13. OUTPUT DEVICES
LIGHT OUTPUT
SOUND OUTPUT

14. FIXED RESISTORS
CARBON COMPOSITION RESISTOR WIREWOUND RESISTOR
METAL FILM RESISTOR SURFACE MOUNT DEVICE( SMD) – CHIP TYPE RESISTORS

15. VARIABLE RESISTORS
WIREWOUND POTENTIOMETER
TRIMMER

16. CAPACITORSFIXED TYPE
VARIABLE TYPE

17. INDUCTORS

18. THINGS NEEDED
BREADBOARD
ANALOG TYPE DIGITAL TYPE
MULTITESTER

19. SOLDERING IRON PLIERS
DESOLDERING TOOL TOOL BOX

20. WIRE STRIPPER SOLDERING LEAD
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD FERRIC CHLORIDE

21. THINGS TO REMEMBER

23. EFFECT OF CURRENT ON THE
HUMAN BODY

24. Basic Parameters of a Circuit
• Voltage or emf ( V) – the force that pushes the
electrons to move, measured in volts ( V)
• Current ( I) – the amount of charges flowing in the
circuit / device , measured in ampere ( A)
• Resistance ( R) – the opposition to the flow of
current , measured in ohms ( Ω)
Ohm’ s Law
V = IR