This document provides a history of microprocessors from 1971 to present. It describes the major developments including early 4-bit and 8-bit processors from Intel like the 4004 and 8080. It outlines the introduction of 16-bit processors like the 8086 and 32-bit processors such as the 80386. It discusses the evolution of Intel processors including the Pentium, Core i3, i5 and i7 lines and the transition to 64-bit architecture. The document presents details on the specifications and impact of these pivotal microprocessors over several decades of computing technology advancement.

1. HISTORYOF
MICROPROCESSORS
By: Najam Khattak
Mob No. +923351970482
4/8/2016 1History of Microprocessors

2. MICROPROCESSOR
“The integrated circuit which
contain all the function of the
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
of a computer is known as
Microprocessor.”
4/8/2016 2History of Microprocessors

3. HISTORY
4/8/2016 3History of Microprocessors

4. 4-BIT MICROPROCESSORS
4/8/2016 4History of Microprocessors

5. INTEL 4004 (1)
First microprocessor introduced in 1971 by
Busicom Corp and Federico Faggin.
It was the first microprocessor by Intel.
It was a 4-bit μP.
Its clock speed was 740KHz.
It had 2,300 transistors.
It could execute around 60,000
instructions per second.
4/8/2016 5History of Microprocessors

6. INTEL 4004 (2)
4/8/2016 6History of Microprocessors

7. INTEL 4040
 Introduced in 1974.
 It was also 4-bit μP.
4/8/2016 7History of Microprocessors

8. 8-BIT MICROPROCESSORS
4/8/2016 8History of Microprocessors

9. INTEL 8008 (1)
Introduced in 1972.
It was first 8-bit μP.
It had 3,500 transistors.
Its clock speed was 500KHz.
Could execute 50,000 instructions per
second.
4/8/2016 9History of Microprocessors

10. INTEL 8008 (2)
4/8/2016 10History of Microprocessors

11. INTEL 8080 (1)
 Introduced in 1974.
 It was also 8-bit μP.
 Its clock speed was 2 MHz.
 It had 6,000 transistors.
 Was 10 times faster than 8008.
 Could execute 5,00,000 instructions per
second.
4/8/2016 11History of Microprocessors

12. INTEL 8080 (2)
4/8/2016 12History of Microprocessors

13. INTEL 8085 (1)
Introduced in 1976.
It was also 8-bit μP.
Its clock speed was 3 MHz.
It had 6,500 transistors.
4/8/2016 13History of Microprocessors

14. INTEL 8085 (2)
Could execute 7,69,230 instructions per
second.
It could access 64 KB of memory.
It had 246 instructions.
Over 100 million copies were sold.
4/8/2016 14History of Microprocessors

15. INTEL 8085 (3)
4/8/2016 15History of Microprocessors

16. 16-BIT MICROPROCESSORS
4/8/2016 16History of Microprocessors

17. INTEL 8086 (1)
Introduced in 1978.
It was first 16-bit μP.
Its clock speed is 4.77 MHz, 8 MHz and 10
MHz, depending on the version.
It had 29,000 transistors
4/8/2016 17History of Microprocessors

18. INTEL 8086 (2)
Could execute 2.5 million instructions
per second.
It could access 1 MB of memory.
It had 22,000 instructions.
It had also Multiply and Divide
instructions
4/8/2016 18History of Microprocessors

19. INTEL 8086 (3)
4/8/2016 19History of Microprocessors

20. INTEL 8088 (1)
Introduced in 1979.
It was also 16-bit μP.
It was created as a cheaper version of
Intel’s 8086.
Could execute 2.5 million instructions per
second.
This chip became the most popular in the
computer industry when IBM used it for
its first PC.
4/8/2016 20History of Microprocessors

21. INTEL 8088 (2)
4/8/2016 21History of Microprocessors

22. INTEL 80186 & 80188 (1)
Introduced in 1982.
They were 16-bit μPs.
Clock speed was 6 MHz.
80188 was a cheaper version of 80186.
4/8/2016 22History of Microprocessors

23. INTEL 80186 & 80188 (2)
INTEL 80186 INTEL 80188
4/8/2016 23History of Microprocessors

24. INTEL 80286 (1)
Introduced in 1982.
It was 16-bit μP.
Its clock speed was 8 MHz.
It could address 16 MB of memory.
It had 1,34,000 transistors.
It could execute 4 million instructions
per second.
4/8/2016 24History of Microprocessors

25. INTEL 80286 (2)
4/8/2016 25History of Microprocessors

26. 32-BIT MICROPROCESSORS
4/8/2016 26History of Microprocessors

27. INTEL 80386 (1)
Introduced in 1986.
It was first 32-bit μP.
It could address 4 GB of memory.
It had 2,75,000 transistors.
4/8/2016 27History of Microprocessors

28. INTEL 80386 (2)
Its clock speed varied from 16 MHz to 33
MHz depending upon the various versions.
Three Different versions:
1. 80386 DX
2. 80386 SX
3. 80386 SL
Intel 80386 became the best selling
microprocessor in history.
4/8/2016 28History of Microprocessors

29. INTEL 80386 (3)
4/8/2016 29History of Microprocessors

30. INTEL 80486 (1)
Introduced in 1989.
It was also 32-bit μP.
It had 1.2 million transistors.
Its clock speed varied from 16 MHz to
100 MHz depending upon the various
versions.
4/8/2016 30History of Microprocessors

31. INTEL 80486 (2)
It had five different versions:
1. 80486 DX
2. 80486 SX
3. 80486 DX2
4. 80486 SL
5. 80486 DX4
8 KB of cache memory was introduced.
4/8/2016 31History of Microprocessors

32. INTEL 80486 (3)
4/8/2016 32History of Microprocessors

33. INTEL PENTIUM (1)
Introduced in 1993.
It was also 32-bit μP.
It was originally named 80586.
Its clock speed was 66 MHz.
It could address 4 GB of memory.
Could execute 110 million instructions
per second.
4/8/2016 33History of Microprocessors

34. INTEL PENTIUM (2)
Cache memory:
 8 KB for instructions.
 8 KB for data.
4/8/2016 34History of Microprocessors

35. INTEL PENTIUM PRO (1)
Introduced in 1995.
It was also 32-bit μP.
It had 21 million transistors.
It was primarily used in server systems.
Cache memory:
 8 KB for instructions.
 8 KB for data.
It had L2 cache of 256 KB.
4/8/2016 35History of Microprocessors

36. INTEL PENTIUM PRO (2)
4/8/2016 36History of Microprocessors

37. INTEL PENTIUM II (1)
Introduced in 1997.
It was also 32-bit μP.
Its clock speed was 233MHz to 500
MHz.
Could execute 333 million
instructions per second.
L2 cache & processor were on one
circuit.
4/8/2016 37History of Microprocessors

38. INTEL PENTIUM II (2)
4/8/2016 38History of Microprocessors

39. INTEL PENTIUM II XEON (1)
Introduced in 1998.
It was also 32-bit μP.
It was designed for servers.
Its clock speed was 400 MHz
to 450 MHz.
L1 cache of 32 KB & L2 cache of 512 KB,
1MB & 2 MB.
4/8/2016 39History of Microprocessors

40. INTEL PENTIUM II XEON (2)
4/8/2016 40History of Microprocessors

41. INTEL PENTIUM III (1)
Introduced in 1999.
It was also 32-bit μP.
Its clock speed varied from 500 MHz to
1.4 GHz.
It had 9.5 million transistors
4/8/2016 41History of Microprocessors

42. INTEL PENTIUM III (2)
4/8/2016 42History of Microprocessors

43. INTEL PENTIUM IV (1)
Introduced in 2000.
It was also 32-bit μP.
Its clock speed was from 1.3 GHz to 3.8
GHz.
L1 cache was of 32 KB & L2 cache of
256 KB.
It had 42 million transistors.
All internal connections were made from
aluminium to copper.
4/8/2016 43History of Microprocessors

44. INTEL PENTIUM IV (2)
4/8/2016 44History of Microprocessors

45. INTEL DUAL CORE (1)
Introduced in 2006.
It is 32-bit & 64-bit μP.
It has two cores.
Both the cores have there own internal
bus and L1 cache, but share the
external bus and L2 cache.
4/8/2016 45History of Microprocessors

46. INTEL DUAL CORE (2)
4/8/2016 46History of Microprocessors

47. 64-BIT MICROPROCESSORS
4/8/2016 47History of Microprocessors

48. INTEL CORE 2 (1)
Introduced in 2006.
It is a 64-bit μP.
Its clock speed is from 1.2 GHz to 3 GHz.
It has 291 million transistors.
It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core and 4
MB of L2 cache.
It is launched in three different versions:
– Intel Core 2 Duo
– Intel Core 2 Quad
– Intel Core 2 Extreme
4/8/2016 48History of Microprocessors

49. INTEL CORE 2 (2)
4/8/2016 49History of Microprocessors

50. INTEL CORE I7 (1)
Introduced in 2008.
It is a 64-bit μP.
It has 4 physical cores.
Its clock speed is from 2.66 GHz to
3.33 GHz.
It has 781 million transistors.
It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 256
KB of L2 cache and 8 MB of L3 cache.
4/8/2016 50History of Microprocessors

51. INTEL CORE I7 (2)
4/8/2016 51History of Microprocessors

52. INTEL CORE I5 (1)
Introduced in 2009.
It is a 64-bit μP.
It has 4 physical cores.
Its clock speed is from 2.40 GHz to
3.60 GHz.
It has 781 million transistors.
It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 256
KB of L2 cache and 8 MB of L3 cache.
4/8/2016 52History of Microprocessors

53. INTEL CORE I5 (2)
4/8/2016 53History of Microprocessors

54. INTEL CORE I3 (1)
Introduced in 2010.
It is a 64-bit μP.
It has 2 physical cores.
Its clock speed is from 2.93 GHz to
3.33 GHz.
It has 781 million transistors.
It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 512
KB of L2 cache and 4 MB of L3 cache.
4/8/2016 54History of Microprocessors

55. INTEL CORE I3 (2)
4/8/2016 55History of Microprocessors

56. Thanks
4/8/2016 56History of Microprocessors