1.
Explicit Semantics in Neo4j:
Ontologies and Knowledge
Graphs
Jesús Barrasa - Neo4j

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Jesús Barrasa
@BarrasaDV

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Who’s this talk for?

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What is an Ontology?

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Some popular ontologies...
FIBO Ontology by the EDM council
Schema.org used by Google’s knowledge graph
The Biological and Biomedical ontologies in the
OBO Foundry (i.e. Gene Ontology…)
The Open Graph Protocol

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How are ontologies used?
Interoperability: Definitions of shared vocabularies
Inferencing: Actionable knowledge fragments

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W3C Standards
2000: RDFS 1.0
2004: OWL 1.0
2014: RDFS 1.1

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What do ontologies look like? FIBO
https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/

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What do ontologies look like? Schema.org
https://schema.org/

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Part 1: Interoperability

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Enabling Integration
Publishing my Neo4j graph’s Ontology
Creating a Linked Data endpoint…
… according to STD vocabularies

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Exporting/Publishing Neo4j data as RDF

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Model Mapping + Publishing

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Let’s try it!

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Part 2: Inferencing

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Inferencing in Neo4j

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Where are my Semantics?
Q: I want all accounts for clients in NY in
my Knowledge Graph
MATCH (ac)-[:ACC_ZIP]->()-[:IN_STATE]->(:State { stateCode: ‘NY’})
WHERE ac:LoanOrCreditAccount OR ac:InvestmentAccount OR
ac:TransactionDepositAccount OR ac:TimeDepositAccount ...
RETURN ac.acctBalance, ac.acctId

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Explicit, declarative description of domain
semantics… (an ontology)
https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/widoco/master/latest/FBC/ProductsAndServices/ClientsAndAccounts/index-en.html#classes

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Where are my Semantics? (version 2)
Q: I want all accounts for clients in NY in
my Knowledge Graph
MATCH (ac)-[:ACC_ZIP]->()-[:IN_STATE]->(:State { stateCode: ‘NY’})
WHERE semantics.inference.hasLabel(ac,Account)
RETURN ac.acctBalance, ac.acctId

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Implicit vs Explicit Semantics

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Let’s try it!

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Demo details
Dataset: Lending Club Loan data
[https://www.kaggle.com/wendykan/lending-club-loan-data]
Ontology: FIBO (Production Quickstart)
[https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/OWL]
Semantic Graph Platform: Neo4j [https://neo4j.com/download/] &
NSMNTX [https://neo4j.com/labs/nsmtx-rdf/]
Code: <in Neo4j browser type> :play field/semantics.html
[source: https://github.com/jbarrasa/datasets/tree/master/ontos]

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NEOSEMANTIX

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What is NSMNTX?
NSMNTX is a plugin that enables the use of RDF in Neo4j
● Store RDF data in Neo4j in a lossless manner
● On-demand export property graph data from Neo4j as RDF
● model mapping
● Inferencing

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https://neo4j.com/labs

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https://neo4j.com/labs/nsmtx-rdf

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Join the community!
https://community.neo4j.com/c/integrations/linked-data-rdf-ontology

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Conclusions
RDF ≠ Semantics: RDF + RDFS/OWL are just the medium
Don’t listen to “analysts” and (triple store) vendors when they
talk about Semantics as something arcane or “RDF’s magic”
Do “Just enough semantics”

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Thank you!